硝酸改性褐煤半焦制备烟气脱硫剂

在硝酸质量分数分别为25%,45%和65%条件下改性褐煤半焦,制备出了烟气二氧化硫吸附剂,并在固定床反应装置上模拟烟气组成进行了脱硫活性测试。利用工业分析、元素分析、酸碱滴定和孔隙结构测定等分别对硝酸改性褐煤半焦制备的烟气脱硫剂工业组成、元素组成、表面酸碱性以及表面积、孔容等进行分析和表证。实验结果表明:随着硝酸对褐煤半焦的改性,制备的改性半焦烟气脱硫剂脱硫活性有所提高;硝酸处理造成半焦挥发分即含氧基团和含氮基团增加,导致表面酸性上升;改性半焦表面积和孔容的增加是二氧化硫脱除硫容提高的主要原因。     

活性半焦脱除烟道气中SO_2的研究

对工业副产品半焦 ,采用加压水热化学活化法、HNO3活化法和高温煅烧等方法制备出半焦烟气脱硫剂。通过对脱硫剂的脱硫性能进行评价分析得出 ,由此法制得的烟气脱硫剂的脱硫效果较好 ;半焦经高温处理后 ,脱硫剂活性与其烧失率有关 ,烧失率越大硫容越大 ,效果越好     

活性半焦脱除烟道气中SO2的研究

对工业副产品半焦,采用加压水热化学活化法、HNO3活化法和高温煅烧等方法制备出半焦烟气脱硫剂.通过对脱硫剂的脱硫性能进行评价分析得出,由此法制得的烟气脱硫剂的脱硫效果较好;半焦经高温处理后,脱硫剂活性与其烧失率有关,烧失率越大硫容越大,效果越好.     

改性半焦烟气脱硫的研究

研究了不载铜和载铜半焦两种样品在温度为70—100℃条件下脱除烟道气中二氧化硫的效果。实验结果表明：载铜半焦明显提高脱除二氧化硫的能力。但用水进行再生不利于铜在半焦表面上的存在，建议采用还原法再生脱硫剂。     

活性半焦脱除烟道气中S02的研究

对工业副产品半焦，采用加压水热化学活化法、HNO3活化法和高温燃烧等方法制各出半焦烟气脱硫剂。通过对脱硫剂的脱硫性能进行评价分析得出，由此法制得的烟气脱硫剂的脱硫效果较好；半焦经高温处理后，脱硫剂活性与其烧失率有关，烧失率越大硫容越大，效果越好。     

褐煤半焦表面性质及其脱除气态污染物的研究进展

对褐煤半焦基吸附材料的表面物理化学性质、改性技术及机理进行了探讨,介绍了半焦作为吸附材料在烟气脱硫、脱硝等领域的应用现状,重点总结了烟气中气态Hg0污染物在半焦表面的吸附特性及机理。通过分析比较,指出了以廉价褐煤为原料制备高性能吸附材料的主要途径,并展望了半焦吸附剂在烟气净化领域的发展趋势。     

CuO/C催化剂的制备及其脱除烟气中NO的研究

以褐煤为原料,先通过干馏、活化的方法制取活性半焦,再采用水热法在活性半焦上负载CuO制备CuO/C催化剂,利用XRD和SEM等技术对其晶体结构和微观形貌进行表征,并分析CuO/C催化剂对模拟烟气中NO脱除效果的影响因素。结果表明,活性半焦含有丰富的含氧官能团,是一种较好的催化剂载体和还原剂;在120℃和2h的制备条件下制备CuO/C催化剂时,在活性半焦表面生长的CuO晶体较多,尺寸较小且分散均匀;当C-NO的反应温度为250℃、空速为19 200h~(-1)、氧气含量为4%时,在120℃和2h制备条件下所制得的CuO/C催化剂对NO脱除效果好,其NO脱除率可达95.26%。     

工业烟气脱硫同时制取硫化氢的初步研究

提出一种无废烟气脱硫新方法。用硫化钠溶液洗脱工业烟气中二氧化硫，同时生成硫化氢。后者用Ｃｌａｕｓ反应可制取元素硫。反应过程为三阶段模式。第一阶段发生二氧化硫溶解和硫离子向硫氢根离子转变；第二阶段主要发生硫氢根离子向硫化氢转变同时吸收二氧化硫；第三阶段，溶液逐渐失去脱除ＳＯ２的能力。提高硫化钠初始浓度和反应温度或降低进气中二氧化硫含量，于提高Ｈ２Ｓ转化率有利。进气中二氧化硫分压增大，各阶段周期缩短。     

高炉处理烧结烟气脱硫脱硝理论分析

对利用高炉处理烧结烟气同时脱硫脱硝脱二噁英技术的可行性进行了理论探讨,分析高炉内部还原二氧化硫和氮氧化物,以及分解二噁英的热力学条件,探讨烧结烟气代替空气鼓风对理论燃烧温度、风量、炉缸煤气、炉顶煤气和铁水硫含量的影响.结果表明：二氧化硫、一氧化氮和二氧化氮的最低平衡体积分数分别为1.84×10-13%、3.08×10-11%和3.72×10-21%,高炉内部还原二氧化硫和氮氧化物是可行的;高炉具有分解二噁英的有利热力学条件;烟气中二氧化硫和一氧化碳对理论燃烧温度的影响可忽略,氮氧化物能略微提高理论燃烧温度,二氧化碳体积分数增加1%,理论燃烧温度降低大约40.5℃,但通过降低鼓风湿度和提高富氧率等措施,能达到高炉正常生产时的炉缸热状态水平;随着烟气中二氧化碳含量的增加,风量、炉缸和炉顶煤气量都逐渐降低,炉缸煤气一氧化碳和氢气含量增加,炉顶煤气中一氧化碳、氢气、二氧化碳和水含量都增加,氮气含量显著降低;铁水硫含量与烟气二氧化硫含量成正比,但当二氧化硫质量浓度达到2000 mg·m-3,铁水中硫质量分数仅为0.025%,铁水质量仍合格.通过综合调节高炉操作参数,也可以实现烧结烟气代替空气鼓风进行高炉炼铁生产,达到脱硫脱硝脱二恶英的目的.     

CFBA系统中喷雾增湿对脱硫性能影响的试验研究

采用循环流化床烟气脱硫技术,以钢铁企业烧结机烟气为脱硫对象,在一台处理烟气量5000m3/h的试验装置上开展工业性试验,分析研究喷雾增湿对脱硫性能的影响.研究结果表明:在本试验烟气温度范围内,烟气温度90℃以下时以喷水蒸气为宜,90℃以上时以喷水为宜,喷水有利于提高脱硫效果和钙利用率;在流化床入口前喷雾增湿时,有利于流化床的运行稳定和提高脱硫效率;出口烟气温度下降到70℃左右时,CFBA系统的脱硫效率达到90%以上.     

Characterization of Ordovician carbonate reservoirs, southeastern Saskatchewan, Canada

The discovery of the prolific Ordovician Red River reservoirs in 1995 in southeastern Saskatchewan was the catalyst for extensive exploration activity which resulted in the discovery of more than 15 new Red River pools. The best yields of Red River production to date have been from dolomite reservoirs. Understanding the processes of dolomitization is, therefore, crucial for the prediction of the connectivity, spatial distribution and heterogeneity of dolomite reservoirs.The Red River reservoirs in the Midale area consist of 3～4 thin dolomitized zones, with a total thickness of about 20 m, which occur at the top of the Yeoman Formation. Two types of replacement dolomite were recognized in the Red River reservoir: dolomitized burrow infills and dolomitized host matrix. The spatial distribution of dolomite suggests that burrowing organisms played an important role in facilitating the fluid flow in the backfilled sediments. This resulted in penecontemporaneous dolomitization of burrow infills by normal seawater. The dolomite in the host matrix is interpreted as having occurred at shallow burial by evaporitic seawater during precipitation of Lake Almar anhydrite that immediately overlies the Yeoman Formation. However, the low δ18O values of dolomited burrow infills (-5.9‰～ -7.8‰, PDB) and matrix dolomites (-6.6‰～ -8.1‰, avg. -7.4‰ PDB) compared to the estimated values for the late Ordovician marine dolomite could be attributed to modification and alteration of dolomite at higher temperatures during deeper burial, which could also be responsible for its 87Sr/86Sr ratios (0.7084～0.7088) that are higher than suggested for the late Ordovician seawaters (0.7078～0.7080). The trace amounts of saddle dolomite cement in the Red River carbonates are probably related to "cannibalization" of earlier replacement dolomite during the chemical compaction.     

A computer generator for randomly layered structures

AcomputergeneratorforrandomlylayeredstructuresYUJia shun1,2,HEZhen hua2(1.TheInstituteofGeologicalandNuclearSciences,NewZealand;2.StateKeyLaboratoryofOilandGasReservoirGeologyandExploitation,ChengduUniversityofTechnology,China)Abstract:Analgorithmisintrod…     

海南岛地体及其毗邻陆缘晚中生代—新生代古地磁研究和构造演化

本文叙述了对海南岛及其毗邻大陆边缘白垩纪到第四纪地层岩石进行古地磁研究的全部工作过程。通过分析岩石中剩余磁矢量的磁偏角及磁倾角的变化,提出海南岛白垩纪以来经历的构造演化模式如下:早期伴随顺时针旋转而向南迁移,后期伴随逆时针转动并向北运移。联系该地区及邻区的地质、地球物理资料,对海南岛上述的构造地体运动提出以下认识:北部湾内早期有一拉张作用,主要是该作用使湾内地壳显著伸长减薄,形成北部湾盆地。从而导致了海南岛的早期构造运动,而海南岛后期的构造运动则主要是受南海海底扩张的影响。海南地体运动规律的阐明对于了解北部湾油气盆地的形成演化有重要的理论和实际意义。     

Exciton Seebeck in Molecular Systems

Various applications relevant to the exciton dynamics,such as the organic solar cell,the large-area organic light-emitting diodes and the thermoelectricity,are operating under temperature gradient.The potential abnormal behavior of the exicton dynamics driven by the temperature difference may affect the efficiency and performance of the corresponding devices.In the above situations,the exciton dynamics under temperature difference is mixed with     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

The elongation method,originally proposed by Imamura was further developed for many years in our group.As a method towards O(N)with high efficiency and high accuracy for any dimensional systems.This treatment designed for one-dimensional(ID)polymers is now available for three-dimensional(3D)systems,but geometry optimization is now possible only for 1D-systems.As an approach toward post-Hartree-Fock,it was also extended to     

《Chinese Science Bulletin》SUBJECT INDEX TO VOLUME 59(2014)

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An on-line scaling method for improving scalability of a database cluster

The explosive growth of the Internet and database applications has driven database to be more scalable and available, and able to support on-line scaling without interrupting service. To support more client's queries without downtime and degrading the response time, more nodes have to be scaled up while the database is running. This paper presents the overview of scalable and available database that satisfies the above characteristics. And we propose a novel on-line scaling method. Our method improves the existing on-line scaling method for fast response time and higher throughputs. Our proposed method reduces unnecessary network use, i.e. , we decrease the number of data copy by reusing the backup data. Also, our on-line scaling operation can be processed parallel by selecting adequate nodes as new node. Our performance study shows that our method results in significant reduction in data copy time.     

An improved R-tree based on childnode''s probability

R-Tree is a good structure for spatial searching. But in this indexing structure,either the sequence of nodes in the same level or sequence of traveling these nodes when queries are made is random. Since the possibility that the object appears in different MBR which have the same parents node is different, if we make the subnode who has the most possibility be traveled first, the time cost will be decreased in most of the cases. In some case, the possibility of a point belong to a rectangle will shows direct proportion with the size of the rectangle. But this conclusion is based on an assumption that the objects are symmetrically distributing in the area and this assumption is not always coming into existence. Now we found a more direct parameter to scale the possibility and made a little change on the structure of R-tree, to increase the possibility of founding the satisfying answer in the front sub trees. We names this structure probability based arranged R-tree (PBAR-tree).     

Integrating GIS Web services based on mediating architecture

The geographic information service is enabled by the advancements in general Web service technology and the focused efforts of the OGC in defining XML-based Web GIS service. Based on these models, this paper addresses the issue of services chaining,the process of combining or pipelining results from several interoperable GIS Web Services to create a customized solution. This paper presents a mediated chaining architecture in which a specific service takes responsibility for performing the process that describes a service chain. We designed the Spatial Information Process Language (SIPL) for dynamic modeling and describing the service chain, also a prototype of the Spatial Information Process Execution Engine (SIPEE) is implemented for executing processes written in SIPL. Discussion of measures to improve the functionality and performance of such system will be included.     

Tracking data management using topology of moving object database system for moving object constrained trajectory in LBS application

Advances in wireless technologies and positioning technologies and spread of wireless devices, an interest in LBS (Location Based Service) is arising. To provide location based service, tracking data should have been stored in moving object database management system (called MODBMS) with proper policies and managed efficiently. So the methods which acquire the location information at regular time intervals then, store and manage have been studied. In this paper, we suggest tracking data management techniques using topology that is corresponding to the moving path of moving object. In our techniques, we update the MODBMS when moving object arrived at a street intersection or a curved road which is represented as the node in topology and predict the location at past and future with attribute of topology and linear function. In this technique, location data that are corresponding to the node in topology are stored, thus reduce the number of update and amount of data. Also in case predicting the location,because topology are used as well as existing location information, accuracy for prediction is increased than applying linear function or spline function.