15Cr-25Ni-Fe基高温合金的动态再结晶行为及机制

利用Gleeble-1500热/力模拟试验机对15Cr25NiFe基高温合金在950～1 200 ℃和0.001～10.000 s-1条件下进行了热压缩试验,采用热变形激活能模型研究了该合金两个动态再结晶区域的热变形表观激活能,结合再结晶的光学显微组织及透射电子显微组织分析该合金的动态再结晶机制.研究结果表明:应变速率0.010～0.100 s-1,温度1 050～1 200 ℃的动态再结晶区域受动态再结晶的形核过程控制,所得组织为等轴晶粒,尺寸分布较分散,晶界呈自然凹凸状.应变速率2.000～10.000 s-1,温度1 000～1 150 ℃的动态再结晶区域受动态再结晶的长大过程控制,晶粒为尺寸均匀的等轴晶粒,晶界平直,晶内有丰富的亚晶组织.     

AM80-0.2Sr-1.5Ca镁合金高温压缩过程动态再结晶模拟

在Gleeble-1500热压缩实验机上对AM80-0.2St-1.5Ca锾合金进行高温压缩实验,得到了该合金在温度为300～450℃、应变速率为0.01～1 s-1条件下的流变应力曲线.结合改进的LaasraouiJonas(L-J)位错密度模型和Kock- Mecking(K- M)位错密度模型,获得AM80-0....     

挤压态7A85铝合金高温热变形显微组织演变

7A85铝合金密度小、强度高、热加工性能好、焊接性能优良,而且具有较好的耐腐蚀性和较高的韧性,广泛应用于航空和航天中的受力结构件.本文通过挤压态7A85铝合金的单向等温热压缩实验,利用光学显微镜、透射电镜研究了合金在变形温度为300℃,350℃,400℃,450℃,应变速率为0.01s~(-1),0.1s~(-1),1s-1,10s~(-1)时的高温流变行为和显微组织演变.结果表明:变形温度和应变速率对挤压态7A85铝合金热压缩后的组织有重要影响.随着变形温度的升高和应变速率的降低(lnZ减小),组织中亚晶长大,位错密度逐渐降低,析出相数量减少,再结晶晶粒长大,动态软化机制由动态回复转变为动态再结晶;挤压态7A85铝合金热压缩后组织中大量的析出相弥散分布在基体内或沿晶界分布,抑制了动态再结晶的发生.     

AZ310.5Sr1.5Y热变形行为分析

采用Gleeble-1500D型热模拟试验机,在变形温度为250~450 ℃,应变速率为0.01~1 s-1,最大应变量为0.85的条件下,对AZ31-0.5Sr-1.5Y进行单向热压缩实验。对材料的热变形行为和热加工性能进行了研究,建立了合金热变形过程中的本构方程和热加工图,并结合金相显微组织观察对加工图进行了分析。结果表明：AZ31-0.5Sr-1.5Y在热变形过程中的稳态流变应力可用双曲正弦函数关系式进行描述,其应变激活能为186.83 kJ/mol,热加工图分析表明,在本实验条件下,当真应变为0.6时,材料存在着非稳态流变区,其温度为250 ~300 ℃,应变速率为0.3~1 s -1,材料的最佳热加工工艺参数为：温度300~400 ℃,变形速率0.01 ~1 s -1。     

回复与再结晶退火对新型HSn701黄铜组织及性能的影响

设计了一种新型HSn70-1黄铜合金,其冷拉拔加工率为55%.应用偏光显微镜、X射线衍射仪、扫描电子显微镜、显微硬度计、万能材料试验机和电化学工作站等设备,研究了不同的退火温度对新型合金显微组织和性能的影响.结果表明：加入少量Sn,Al,P,Ni合金元素构成了新型HSn70-1合金,合金元素以固溶体的形式存在于晶粒内部,其组织为α单相;合金在不同温度下保温2 h,200℃时发生应变时效,300~450℃为再结晶过程,450~550℃为晶粒长大阶段,550~600℃晶粒基本完全长大.随着退火温度的升高,合金的硬度、抗拉强度和屈服强度逐渐降低并趋于缓慢,其伸长率变化相反;合金自腐蚀电流密度、失重率逐渐降低并趋于稳定;开路电位逐渐变大,最后趋于稳定,新型HSn70-1黄铜的耐腐蚀性逐渐变好.     

粗晶粒铸轧AZ31镁合金的高温拉伸性能

研究了具有较大晶粒尺寸铸轧态AZ31镁合金的高温拉伸性能。通过热处理获得晶粒尺寸d=27.8μm的板材,对不同试样,在温度分别为300,350,400,450℃恒温条件下,以10~(-3)s~(-1)和10~(-2)s~(-1)恒定拉伸速率对试样进行拉伸至失效实验。结果表明,粗晶粒AZ31镁合金在450℃和10~(-3)s~(-1)条件下达到最大的延伸率106.7%。拉伸试样断口形貌的分析表明,450℃时出现丝状物质是合金出现液态Zn的结果。少量的液相可以释放应力集中和协调此时的变形过程。与细晶粒铸轧态AZ31相比,在拉伸条件相同和晶粒尺寸不同的情况下,粗晶粒的塑形较低,其原因是晶界滑移在变形时所作贡献少。     

Ce元素对Mg-Gd-Y-Nd-Zr合金组织与热变形行为的影响

采用Gleeble-1500D热模拟机,对Mg-5.5Gd-4.5Y- 1Nd-xCe-1Zr(x=0和0.2％,质量分数)合金进行热压缩变形实验(实验温度为375～525℃,应变速率为0.01、0.1和1 s-1,最大变形量为50％),并对合金的塑性变形行为以及变形后的组织进行研究.研究结果表明:合金在变形温度为375℃、应变速率为0.01 s-1条件下开始发生动态再结晶;随着变形温度的升高或应变速率的降低,再结晶体积分数逐渐增加,再结晶晶粒粒径逐渐变大;添加Ce元素可提高再结晶体积分数,减小再结晶晶粒粒径;固溶过程中出现的“椭球状”Mg12Ce粒子对再结晶有粒子激发形核(PSN)作用;这2种合金在375～525℃下的变形表观激活能分别为191和212 kJ/mol.     

4045铝合金热变形行为及其加工图

采用Gleeble-3500热模拟试验机对4045铝合金在变形速率为0.01~10 s-1，变形温度为300~450 ℃条件下进行等温热压缩实验，研究了该合金的热变形行为及其热加工特性.结果表明：4045铝合金热变形过程的流变行为可用双曲正弦模型来描述，其平均激活能为189.93 kJ/mol.基于动态材料模型(DMM)获得了4045铝合金的热加工图，并结合热加工图和金相显微组织分析得到了该合金在实验参数范围内较优的热加工工艺参数范围：加工温度为380~450℃，变形速率为0.1~0.3 s-1.     

Zener-Hollomon参数对AZ61镁合金热变形行为的影响

利用Gleeble-3500热模拟试验机,对均匀化退火处理后的铸态AZ61镁合金进行了等温热压缩变形实验,研究了合金在变形温度为220℃～380℃、应变速率为0.001 s~(-1)～10 s~(-1)条件下的热变形行为和组织演变特征,并基于双曲正弦模型建立了合金的本构模型。研究了Zener-Hollomon参数对热压缩变形组织演变的影响规律,揭示了高Z值、中等Z值和低Z值对应参数条件下的变形合金呈现不同的组织形貌特征,并阐明了随Z参数的逐渐减小,变形组织逐渐由失稳组织、不完全动态再结晶组织转变为粗化的完全动态再结晶组织,确定了合理的热成形工艺参数区间对应的lnZ数值范围为22.17～29.25。     

AZ31镁合金的热变形加工图及其应用

为了确定AZ31镁合金轧制工艺参数,利用Gleeble--3500热模拟试验机进行热压缩试验以测试其热变形行为,并根据动态材料模型理论得到其热加工图.当变形温度为380～400℃、应变速率为3～12 s-1时,功率耗散效率大于30%,属于动态再结晶峰区;在该区域进行异步轧制变形退火处理后得到平均晶粒直径为2.3μm的细晶组织,抗拉强度为322.7MPa,延伸率为19.6%.当应变速率大于15 s-1时,属于流变失稳区,250～300℃低温加工时合金的塑性显著降低,350～400℃高温加工时合金出现混晶组织.     

An Index mechanism for multi-scale view in spatial databases

There are numerous geometric objects stored in the spatial databases. An importance function in a spatial database is that users can browse the geometric objects as a map efficiently. Thus the spatial database should display the geometric objects users concern about swiftly onto the display window. This process includes two operations:retrieve data from database and then draw them onto screen. Accordingly, to improve the efficiency, we should try to reduce time of both retrieving object and displaying them. The former can be achieved with the aid of spatial index such as R-tree, the latter require to simplify the objects. Simplification means that objects are shown with sufficient but not with unnecessary detail which depend on the scale of browse. So the major problem is how to retrieve data at different detail level efficiently. This paper introduces the implementation of a multi-scale index in the spatial database SISP (Spatial Information Shared Platform) which is generalized from R-tree. The difference between the generalization and the R-tree lies on two facets: One is that every node and geometric object in the generalization is assigned with a importance value which denote the importance of them, and every vertex in the objects are assigned with a importance value,too. The importance value can be use to decide which data should be retrieve from disk in a query. The other difference is that geometric objects in the generalization are divided into one or more sub-blocks, and vertexes are total ordered by their importance value. With the help of the generalized R-tree, one can easily retrieve data at different detail levels.Some experiments are performed on real-life data to evaluate the performance of solutions that separately use normal spatial index and multi-scale spatial index. The results show that the solution using multi-scale index in SISP is satisfying.     

Characterization of Ordovician carbonate reservoirs, southeastern Saskatchewan, Canada

The discovery of the prolific Ordovician Red River reservoirs in 1995 in southeastern Saskatchewan was the catalyst for extensive exploration activity which resulted in the discovery of more than 15 new Red River pools. The best yields of Red River production to date have been from dolomite reservoirs. Understanding the processes of dolomitization is, therefore, crucial for the prediction of the connectivity, spatial distribution and heterogeneity of dolomite reservoirs.The Red River reservoirs in the Midale area consist of 3～4 thin dolomitized zones, with a total thickness of about 20 m, which occur at the top of the Yeoman Formation. Two types of replacement dolomite were recognized in the Red River reservoir: dolomitized burrow infills and dolomitized host matrix. The spatial distribution of dolomite suggests that burrowing organisms played an important role in facilitating the fluid flow in the backfilled sediments. This resulted in penecontemporaneous dolomitization of burrow infills by normal seawater. The dolomite in the host matrix is interpreted as having occurred at shallow burial by evaporitic seawater during precipitation of Lake Almar anhydrite that immediately overlies the Yeoman Formation. However, the low δ18O values of dolomited burrow infills (-5.9‰～ -7.8‰, PDB) and matrix dolomites (-6.6‰～ -8.1‰, avg. -7.4‰ PDB) compared to the estimated values for the late Ordovician marine dolomite could be attributed to modification and alteration of dolomite at higher temperatures during deeper burial, which could also be responsible for its 87Sr/86Sr ratios (0.7084～0.7088) that are higher than suggested for the late Ordovician seawaters (0.7078～0.7080). The trace amounts of saddle dolomite cement in the Red River carbonates are probably related to "cannibalization" of earlier replacement dolomite during the chemical compaction.     

A computer generator for randomly layered structures

AcomputergeneratorforrandomlylayeredstructuresYUJia shun1,2,HEZhen hua2(1.TheInstituteofGeologicalandNuclearSciences,NewZealand;2.StateKeyLaboratoryofOilandGasReservoirGeologyandExploitation,ChengduUniversityofTechnology,China)Abstract:Analgorithmisintrod…     

Perspherical Approaches for Electrons in Atoms and Charged Excitons in Quantum Wells

Instead of following Fock’s expansion,we solve the Schrodinger equation for some quantum mechanical manybody systems such as electrons in atoms and charged excitons in quantum wells in a similar way in hyperspherical coordinates by expanding the wave functions into orthonormal complete basis sets of the hyperspherical hannonics(HHs)of hyperangles and generalized Laguerre polynomials(GLPs)of the hyperradius.This leads the equation to     

Advances in broadband wireless communications under high-mobility scenarios

Future mobile communication systems aim at providing very high data transmission rates, even in high-mobility scenarios such as high-speed wheel-track trains, maglev trains, highway vehicles, airplanes, guided missiles or spacecraft. A particularly important commercial application is the strong and increasing worldwide demand for high- speed broadband wireless communications （up to 574.8 km/ h test speeds or 380 km/h commercial speeds） in railways, providing data, voice and video services for applications such as onboard entertainment services to passengers, train control, train dispatch, train sensor status handling and sur- veillance. In such high-mobility scenarios, there are a number of communication challenges, including fast hand- over, location updating, high-speed channel modeling, estimation and equalization, anti-Doppler spreading tech- niques, fast power control, and dedicated network architec- ture. Because signal transmission in very high-speed scenarios will inevitably experience serious deterioration, it is imperative to develop key broadband mobile communi- cation techniques for such high-speed vehicles.     

Wuhan University Journal of Natural Sciences TOTAL CONTENTS

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海南岛地体及其毗邻陆缘晚中生代—新生代古地磁研究和构造演化

本文叙述了对海南岛及其毗邻大陆边缘白垩纪到第四纪地层岩石进行古地磁研究的全部工作过程。通过分析岩石中剩余磁矢量的磁偏角及磁倾角的变化,提出海南岛白垩纪以来经历的构造演化模式如下:早期伴随顺时针旋转而向南迁移,后期伴随逆时针转动并向北运移。联系该地区及邻区的地质、地球物理资料,对海南岛上述的构造地体运动提出以下认识:北部湾内早期有一拉张作用,主要是该作用使湾内地壳显著伸长减薄,形成北部湾盆地。从而导致了海南岛的早期构造运动,而海南岛后期的构造运动则主要是受南海海底扩张的影响。海南地体运动规律的阐明对于了解北部湾油气盆地的形成演化有重要的理论和实际意义。     

Scale-based spatial data model for GIS

Being the primary media of geographical information and the elementary objects manipulated, almost all of maps adopt the layer-based model to represent geographic information in the existent GIS. However, it is difficult to extend the map represented in layer-based model. Furthermore, in Web-Based GIS, It is slow to transmit the spatial data for map viewing. In this paper, for solving the questions above, we have proposed a new method for representing the spatial data. That is scale-based model. In this model we represent maps in three levels: scale-view, block, and spatial object, and organize the maps in a set of map layers, named Scale-View, which associates some given scales.Lastly, a prototype Web-Based GIS using the proposed spatial data representation is described briefly.     

Exciton Seebeck in Molecular Systems

Various applications relevant to the exciton dynamics,such as the organic solar cell,the large-area organic light-emitting diodes and the thermoelectricity,are operating under temperature gradient.The potential abnormal behavior of the exicton dynamics driven by the temperature difference may affect the efficiency and performance of the corresponding devices.In the above situations,the exciton dynamics under temperature difference is mixed with     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

The elongation method,originally proposed by Imamura was further developed for many years in our group.As a method towards O(N)with high efficiency and high accuracy for any dimensional systems.This treatment designed for one-dimensional(ID)polymers is now available for three-dimensional(3D)systems,but geometry optimization is now possible only for 1D-systems.As an approach toward post-Hartree-Fock,it was also extended to