银对几种藻类的毒性浓度及其积累

银对水生生物是一种有毒金属.本文以不同浓度的AgNO_3加入培养液中,通过对藻类生长的测定研究了银对三种常见藻类的毒性浓度.1-2.5ppm的银对球衣藻和斜生栅藻是安全浓度范围,当银增至10ppm时,这两种藻类被明显致毒,生长繁殖被完全抑止.颤藻在10~3ppm银浓度中生长正常,对银具有较大的耐性,同时,以原子吸收光谱测定证明每0.2克(干重)颤藻可从这一浓度的含银水体中吸收10.17微克银,对银具有一定的积累能力.本文试验结果可供考虑含银水质排放标准、含银水体的生物净化及银的生物回收可能性之参考.     

赤潮异弯藻对CO2浓度、温度和营养盐变化的响应

赤潮异弯藻(Heterosigma akashiwo)是爆发有害藻华的常见藻种,也是危害海洋渔业的赤潮生物之一,广泛分布在全球近岸海域.随着大气CO₂浓度升高、全球变暖及人类活动导致陆源营养盐入海通量的增加,在河口及近岸海域频发藻华.本研究通过调控营养盐浓度、CO₂浓度和温度,探讨了当前气候变化趋势下赤潮异弯藻生长对营养盐变化的响应.结果显示,在所有CO₂浓度和温度条件下,低磷组的赤潮异弯藻细胞密度和比生长速率均显著低于高磷组的;当CO₂浓度升高时,赤潮异弯藻细胞最大密度和比生长速率均显著提高;当同时升高CO₂浓度和温度时,其比生长速率再次显著增加;赤潮异弯藻的生长对不同CO₂浓度和温度的响应在4种营养条件下类似.该研究表明,磷浓度是控制赤潮异弯藻生长的主要因子,在未来气候条件下赤潮异弯藻爆发藻华的强度和风险不断增加.控制营养盐的增加,特别是磷酸盐浓度,可能是防控赤潮异弯藻爆发的关键手段之一.该研究结果可为近岸水域的海洋生态管理提供参考.     

不同理化因子对分离于荒漠生物结皮中念珠藻生长的影响

通过对分离于生物结皮中的念珠藻(Nostoc sp.)进行室内培养,研究了K+浓度、Ca2+浓度、Mg2+浓度、pH值、温度、光照等理化因子对其生长的影响,初步探讨了念珠藻生长所需的最适生理条件.研究结果表明,K+浓度、Ca2+浓度对念珠藻生长的影响为显著水平,pH值、Mg2+浓度对念珠藻生长的影响为极显著水平,温度和光照强度对念珠藻的影响不显著.多因素方差分析结果进一步表明,pH值、Ca2+浓度、Mg2+浓度对念珠藻生长的影响呈极显著水平,K+浓度对念珠藻生长的影响不显著.念珠藻的最适生长条件为温度25℃,光照强度66μmol·m-2·s-1,pH＝11,K+浓度为5.38×10-5mol/L,Ca2+浓度为1.77×10-5mol/L,Mg2+浓度为1.02×10-4mol/L.     

硅酸盐浓度对羽纹纲藻类圆弧运动的影响——以舟形藻为例

以舟形藻为研究对象,以f/2+Si培养基中硅酸盐浓度30 mg/L为基准,设置不同硅酸盐浓度梯度(1、15、30、60、120和240 mg/L),通过显微跟踪技术获取舟形藻个体细胞的运动轨迹并研究硅酸盐浓度梯度对舟形藻运动行为的影响.发现如下结果.①舟形藻的主要运动方式为大量非恒速圆弧运动伴随着少量的随机倒退行为,圆弧运动过程曲率基本维持不变;倒退时刻运动方向和速度发生显著变化,此时夹角小于90°,倒退前后运动速度降低.②舟形藻在短时间尺度下呈现弹道行为;在中时间尺度下呈现超扩散行为;在长时间尺度下呈现布朗运动扩散行为.③舟形藻的运动行为显著依赖硅酸盐浓度,微量硅酸盐浓度(1 mg/L, Na_2SiO_3)和高硅酸盐浓度(120 mg/L, Na_2SiO_3; 240 mg/L, Na_2SiO_3)环境下会抑制舟形藻运动,低硅酸盐浓度(15 mg/L, Na_2SiO_3)和中硅酸盐浓度(30 mg/L, Na_2SiO_3; 60mg/L, Na_2SiO_3)下会增强舟形藻的扩散系数.硅酸盐浓度对硅藻个体运动行为的研究帮助理解硅藻的觅食策略和聚集行为,为进一步理解硅藻水华的发生、海洋生物污损现象和海雪现象的爆发提供思路.     

3种金属离子对球等鞭金藻生长的影响

利用分批培养,采用f/2培养基,研究了不同浓度的重金属离子(Cu2 、Pb2 、Cd2 )对球等鞭金藻生长的影响.结果表明,等鞭金藻的生长属于"S"型曲线;Cu2 抑制球形等鞭金藻的生长;浓度低于3 mg/L的Cd2 促进金藻生长,高于3 mg/L时抑制其生长;Pb2 能够促进等鞭金藻的生长.     

镉对集胞藻PCC6803生长的影响

以集胞藻为研究材料,研究不同浓度的Cd2 处理对集胞藻生长的影响.研究发现:低浓度的Cd2 处理(0~0.1 m g/L),能够促进集胞藻的生长,表现为叶绿素、可溶性糖、蛋白质含量随着浓度的增大而增大;当Cd2 浓度进一步增加时,Cd2 开始抑制集胞藻的生长,表现为叶绿素、可溶性糖、蛋白质含量减小,Cd2 浓度达到1.0 m g/L则完全抑制集胞藻的生长,无任何产物累积.     

外源有机碳浓度对藻菌关系及氮磷去除的影响

采用实验室一次培养法,以葡萄糖为有机碳源,对地衣芽孢杆菌和丝藻进行单独及混合培养,研究了外源有机碳浓度对藻菌相互关系及氮磷去除效率的影响。结果表明,当水体中葡萄糖质量浓度不高于20mg/L时,地衣芽孢杆菌能显著促进丝藻的生长。尤其当葡萄糖质量浓度为20mg/L时,藻菌体系叶绿素荧光强度最大可达5227,较纯丝藻体系相应值提高约15%;当葡萄糖质量浓度为50 mg/L时,藻菌体系对水体中NH_4~+-N和PO_4~(3-)-P的去除率分别达到27%和60%,显著高于纯丝藻及纯菌体系相应值;当葡萄糖质量浓度高于50mg/L时,藻菌体系和纯丝藻体系对氮磷的去除率无显著差异;当葡萄糖质量浓度高于100mg/L时,地衣芽孢杆菌明显抑制丝藻的生长。     

水网藻生长及铀对其生长影响的模型构建

研究了水网藻生长条件和生长动力学模型以及铀对其生长影响的模型.结果表明:水网藻生长条件跨度大,在模型温度2.6～38℃,pH值6～10以及光照强度2500～5000 lx范围内的最佳生长条件为温度25℃、pH值9、光照强度不低于3000 lx;水网藻生长符合生长抑制动力学模型,最大干重抑制浓度为621.427 mg/L...     

荧光光谱法分析环境因素对溶藻细菌S7溶藻作用的影响

通过对水华鱼腥藻活体进行荧光光谱分析,确定了其藻蓝蛋白特征荧光波长,建立了水华鱼腥藻生物量与藻蓝蛋白特征荧光强度之间的线性关系;同时,在改变蓝藻生长的条件下,研究不同环境因素（温度、光照条件和pH值）对溶藻细菌S7溶藻作用的影响.结果表明,采用荧光光谱法检测的藻蓝蛋白荧光强度可以反映水华鱼腥藻的生物量,其操作简单且具有较高的可行性和准确性.环境因素对溶藻细菌S7的溶藻效果影响较大,在不同环境因素下,其溶藻效果由强到弱依次为:不同温度时,30 °C＞35 °C>40 °C>25 °C;不同光照条件下,黑暗>光循环>全光照;不同pH值时,pH 5>pH 10>pH 6>pH 9>pH 8>pH 7.     

不同浓度铁离子对栅藻生理生化特性和生长的影响

研究了不同浓度铁离子对栅藻生长和藻细胞抗氧化系统的影响.分析测定了培养基初始Fe3+分别为0,1.2×10-3,1.2×10-4,1.2×10-5,1.2×10-6,1.2×10-7mol.L-1时栅藻的细胞密度、生物量、蛋白质含量、总脂产量及脂肪酸组成,并研究了不同浓度铁离子对栅藻细胞的抗氧化系统的影响.实验结果表明,当培养基中初始铁离子浓度为1.2×10-4mol.L-1时最适合栅藻生长和蛋白质合成,蛋白质含量达到最大为97.33μg.mL-1;当初始Fe3+浓度为1.2×10-5mol.L-1时,栅藻细胞总脂占干质量最高达38.60%;C18∶2和C18∶3占总脂肪酸的比例随Fe3+浓度增加而降低.当Fe3+浓度达到1.2×10-3mol.L-1时,栅藻的生长受到抑制.与对照组(培养基不添加铁离子)相比,不同浓度铁离子使栅藻总抗氧化能力增加,超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)活性和谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶(GSH-Px)活性有不同程度的提高,羟自由基能力受到不同程度的抑制.     

Characterization of Ordovician carbonate reservoirs, southeastern Saskatchewan, Canada

The discovery of the prolific Ordovician Red River reservoirs in 1995 in southeastern Saskatchewan was the catalyst for extensive exploration activity which resulted in the discovery of more than 15 new Red River pools. The best yields of Red River production to date have been from dolomite reservoirs. Understanding the processes of dolomitization is, therefore, crucial for the prediction of the connectivity, spatial distribution and heterogeneity of dolomite reservoirs.The Red River reservoirs in the Midale area consist of 3～4 thin dolomitized zones, with a total thickness of about 20 m, which occur at the top of the Yeoman Formation. Two types of replacement dolomite were recognized in the Red River reservoir: dolomitized burrow infills and dolomitized host matrix. The spatial distribution of dolomite suggests that burrowing organisms played an important role in facilitating the fluid flow in the backfilled sediments. This resulted in penecontemporaneous dolomitization of burrow infills by normal seawater. The dolomite in the host matrix is interpreted as having occurred at shallow burial by evaporitic seawater during precipitation of Lake Almar anhydrite that immediately overlies the Yeoman Formation. However, the low δ18O values of dolomited burrow infills (-5.9‰～ -7.8‰, PDB) and matrix dolomites (-6.6‰～ -8.1‰, avg. -7.4‰ PDB) compared to the estimated values for the late Ordovician marine dolomite could be attributed to modification and alteration of dolomite at higher temperatures during deeper burial, which could also be responsible for its 87Sr/86Sr ratios (0.7084～0.7088) that are higher than suggested for the late Ordovician seawaters (0.7078～0.7080). The trace amounts of saddle dolomite cement in the Red River carbonates are probably related to "cannibalization" of earlier replacement dolomite during the chemical compaction.     

A computer generator for randomly layered structures

AcomputergeneratorforrandomlylayeredstructuresYUJia shun1,2,HEZhen hua2(1.TheInstituteofGeologicalandNuclearSciences,NewZealand;2.StateKeyLaboratoryofOilandGasReservoirGeologyandExploitation,ChengduUniversityofTechnology,China)Abstract:Analgorithmisintrod…     

海南岛地体及其毗邻陆缘晚中生代—新生代古地磁研究和构造演化

本文叙述了对海南岛及其毗邻大陆边缘白垩纪到第四纪地层岩石进行古地磁研究的全部工作过程。通过分析岩石中剩余磁矢量的磁偏角及磁倾角的变化,提出海南岛白垩纪以来经历的构造演化模式如下:早期伴随顺时针旋转而向南迁移,后期伴随逆时针转动并向北运移。联系该地区及邻区的地质、地球物理资料,对海南岛上述的构造地体运动提出以下认识:北部湾内早期有一拉张作用,主要是该作用使湾内地壳显著伸长减薄,形成北部湾盆地。从而导致了海南岛的早期构造运动,而海南岛后期的构造运动则主要是受南海海底扩张的影响。海南地体运动规律的阐明对于了解北部湾油气盆地的形成演化有重要的理论和实际意义。     

Exciton Seebeck in Molecular Systems

Various applications relevant to the exciton dynamics,such as the organic solar cell,the large-area organic light-emitting diodes and the thermoelectricity,are operating under temperature gradient.The potential abnormal behavior of the exicton dynamics driven by the temperature difference may affect the efficiency and performance of the corresponding devices.In the above situations,the exciton dynamics under temperature difference is mixed with     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

The elongation method,originally proposed by Imamura was further developed for many years in our group.As a method towards O(N)with high efficiency and high accuracy for any dimensional systems.This treatment designed for one-dimensional(ID)polymers is now available for three-dimensional(3D)systems,but geometry optimization is now possible only for 1D-systems.As an approach toward post-Hartree-Fock,it was also extended to     

《Chinese Science Bulletin》SUBJECT INDEX TO VOLUME 59(2014)

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An on-line scaling method for improving scalability of a database cluster

The explosive growth of the Internet and database applications has driven database to be more scalable and available, and able to support on-line scaling without interrupting service. To support more client's queries without downtime and degrading the response time, more nodes have to be scaled up while the database is running. This paper presents the overview of scalable and available database that satisfies the above characteristics. And we propose a novel on-line scaling method. Our method improves the existing on-line scaling method for fast response time and higher throughputs. Our proposed method reduces unnecessary network use, i.e. , we decrease the number of data copy by reusing the backup data. Also, our on-line scaling operation can be processed parallel by selecting adequate nodes as new node. Our performance study shows that our method results in significant reduction in data copy time.     

An improved R-tree based on childnode''s probability

R-Tree is a good structure for spatial searching. But in this indexing structure,either the sequence of nodes in the same level or sequence of traveling these nodes when queries are made is random. Since the possibility that the object appears in different MBR which have the same parents node is different, if we make the subnode who has the most possibility be traveled first, the time cost will be decreased in most of the cases. In some case, the possibility of a point belong to a rectangle will shows direct proportion with the size of the rectangle. But this conclusion is based on an assumption that the objects are symmetrically distributing in the area and this assumption is not always coming into existence. Now we found a more direct parameter to scale the possibility and made a little change on the structure of R-tree, to increase the possibility of founding the satisfying answer in the front sub trees. We names this structure probability based arranged R-tree (PBAR-tree).     

Integrating GIS Web services based on mediating architecture

The geographic information service is enabled by the advancements in general Web service technology and the focused efforts of the OGC in defining XML-based Web GIS service. Based on these models, this paper addresses the issue of services chaining,the process of combining or pipelining results from several interoperable GIS Web Services to create a customized solution. This paper presents a mediated chaining architecture in which a specific service takes responsibility for performing the process that describes a service chain. We designed the Spatial Information Process Language (SIPL) for dynamic modeling and describing the service chain, also a prototype of the Spatial Information Process Execution Engine (SIPEE) is implemented for executing processes written in SIPL. Discussion of measures to improve the functionality and performance of such system will be included.     

Tracking data management using topology of moving object database system for moving object constrained trajectory in LBS application

Advances in wireless technologies and positioning technologies and spread of wireless devices, an interest in LBS (Location Based Service) is arising. To provide location based service, tracking data should have been stored in moving object database management system (called MODBMS) with proper policies and managed efficiently. So the methods which acquire the location information at regular time intervals then, store and manage have been studied. In this paper, we suggest tracking data management techniques using topology that is corresponding to the moving path of moving object. In our techniques, we update the MODBMS when moving object arrived at a street intersection or a curved road which is represented as the node in topology and predict the location at past and future with attribute of topology and linear function. In this technique, location data that are corresponding to the node in topology are stored, thus reduce the number of update and amount of data. Also in case predicting the location,because topology are used as well as existing location information, accuracy for prediction is increased than applying linear function or spline function.