SR电弧炉熔化期供电优化模型

在分析附加电抗电弧炉熔化期电气特性的基础上,以电耗和通电时间最小为目标,建立了基于多目标混合整数非线性规划(MINLP)的供电优化模型,来指导熔化期供电策略的制定.模型充分考虑了附加电抗和供电电压以及电弧燃烧指数等对供电策略的影响,实现了附加电抗、供电电压以及工作电流三个参数的优化选取,避免了单纯确定工作电流方法制定供电策略的弊病.实际应用表明不但提高生产效率,而且提高了综合经济效益,对SR电弧炉的生产具有指导意义.     

SR电弧炉供电曲线的优化建模

在分析附加电抗电弧炉电气特性的基础上,综合考虑影响生产成本的各要素,建立以缩短冶炼时间、降低吨钢电耗、减少电极消耗、增加炉衬寿命为目标的多目标供电优化模型．该模型充分考虑了电流对电极和炉衬的影响,以及附加电抗、供电电压对供电策略的影响,实现了对附加电抗、供电曲线以及工作电流3个参数的优化选取．将优化的供电曲线用于指导实...     

基于DSP的智能电弧炉仿真实验系统

介绍一种按照实际交流电弧的特性设计的三相交流电弧炉仿真试验系统，针对电弧炉电极升降控制提出了一种基于DSP的控制方案．在此试验平台上可进行各种复杂控制算法实验，为研究电弧炉智能控制算法提供了实时控制仿真实验环境．     

高阻抗电弧炉技术研究

本文介绍了高阻抗电弧炉的优点及操作特性,论述了高阻抗电弧炉优于传统的交流电弧炉,说明了高阻抗电弧炉技术将是我国电炉炼钢生产与技术改造过程中应首选的技术。     

三相电弧炉电气系统模型的探讨

本文为进行电弧炉系统谐波分析的仿真研究,在理论上作了初步探讨。首先建立交流电弧的等效数学模型,并根据电弧炉电弧工作的实际情况加以修正,得到不同工作状态下的电弧模型,在此基础上导出了电弧炉系统的状态方程。     

单电极直流电弧炉热态模拟试验研究

在容量250 kg的单电极直流炼钢电弧试验炉上进行了热态模拟试验研究,探讨了伏安特性、功率、电效率以及耐火材料烧损指数等单电极直流电弧炉的电热特性。试验研究结果表明,单电极直流电弧炉具有不同于三相交流电弧炉的电热特性。     

三相异步电动机变参数仿真模型

应用交流电机统一理论，在异步电动机线性化仿真模型的基础上，考虑挤流效应对参数的影响以及主漏磁路的饱和对电抗的影响，建立了变参数仿真模型，并对三相异步电动机的起动过程进行了仿真计算。     

一种采用能量平衡关系的新型交流电弧炉模型

基于能量守恒定律,建立一种以微分方程描述的新型交流电弧炉(EAF)时域模型.模型以电弧导纳作为状态变量,弧长和电流作为输入,引入时序变化的电弧半径作为参变量,并给出模型参数的估算方法.以实际炼钢交流电弧炉为例,建立电气系统仿真模型,对熔化期的电弧特性及电弧炉对电网的冲击响应进行仿真研究.结果表明:仿真得到的电弧伏安特性与实测数据吻合度较高,有功和无功冲击均与实际工况相符,验证了模型的准确性和实用性.     

调节电抗的新方法

提出一种调节电抗的新方法，用晶闸管开关装置，改变互感器的磁耦合，改变磁通，从而改变一次线圈的等效电感。论述了调节原理，导出了调节公式，分析了调节特性，举例说明这种可调电抗的应用。指出这种可调电抗无高次谐波，简单经济，特别适用于串联调节。     

直孤炉的发展趋势

本叙述了电弧炉炼钢应推行之有效的成熟技术，包括超高电弧炉，直接还原炼钢，发展直流电弧炉，计算机控制及新炉型结构等。     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Characterization of Ordovician carbonate reservoirs, southeastern Saskatchewan, Canada

The discovery of the prolific Ordovician Red River reservoirs in 1995 in southeastern Saskatchewan was the catalyst for extensive exploration activity which resulted in the discovery of more than 15 new Red River pools. The best yields of Red River production to date have been from dolomite reservoirs. Understanding the processes of dolomitization is, therefore, crucial for the prediction of the connectivity, spatial distribution and heterogeneity of dolomite reservoirs.The Red River reservoirs in the Midale area consist of 3～4 thin dolomitized zones, with a total thickness of about 20 m, which occur at the top of the Yeoman Formation. Two types of replacement dolomite were recognized in the Red River reservoir: dolomitized burrow infills and dolomitized host matrix. The spatial distribution of dolomite suggests that burrowing organisms played an important role in facilitating the fluid flow in the backfilled sediments. This resulted in penecontemporaneous dolomitization of burrow infills by normal seawater. The dolomite in the host matrix is interpreted as having occurred at shallow burial by evaporitic seawater during precipitation of Lake Almar anhydrite that immediately overlies the Yeoman Formation. However, the low δ18O values of dolomited burrow infills (-5.9‰～ -7.8‰, PDB) and matrix dolomites (-6.6‰～ -8.1‰, avg. -7.4‰ PDB) compared to the estimated values for the late Ordovician marine dolomite could be attributed to modification and alteration of dolomite at higher temperatures during deeper burial, which could also be responsible for its 87Sr/86Sr ratios (0.7084～0.7088) that are higher than suggested for the late Ordovician seawaters (0.7078～0.7080). The trace amounts of saddle dolomite cement in the Red River carbonates are probably related to "cannibalization" of earlier replacement dolomite during the chemical compaction.     

A computer generator for randomly layered structures

AcomputergeneratorforrandomlylayeredstructuresYUJia shun1,2,HEZhen hua2(1.TheInstituteofGeologicalandNuclearSciences,NewZealand;2.StateKeyLaboratoryofOilandGasReservoirGeologyandExploitation,ChengduUniversityofTechnology,China)Abstract:Analgorithmisintrod…     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

海南岛地体及其毗邻陆缘晚中生代—新生代古地磁研究和构造演化

本文叙述了对海南岛及其毗邻大陆边缘白垩纪到第四纪地层岩石进行古地磁研究的全部工作过程。通过分析岩石中剩余磁矢量的磁偏角及磁倾角的变化,提出海南岛白垩纪以来经历的构造演化模式如下:早期伴随顺时针旋转而向南迁移,后期伴随逆时针转动并向北运移。联系该地区及邻区的地质、地球物理资料,对海南岛上述的构造地体运动提出以下认识:北部湾内早期有一拉张作用,主要是该作用使湾内地壳显著伸长减薄,形成北部湾盆地。从而导致了海南岛的早期构造运动,而海南岛后期的构造运动则主要是受南海海底扩张的影响。海南地体运动规律的阐明对于了解北部湾油气盆地的形成演化有重要的理论和实际意义。     

An Index mechanism for multi-scale view in spatial databases

There are numerous geometric objects stored in the spatial databases. An importance function in a spatial database is that users can browse the geometric objects as a map efficiently. Thus the spatial database should display the geometric objects users concern about swiftly onto the display window. This process includes two operations:retrieve data from database and then draw them onto screen. Accordingly, to improve the efficiency, we should try to reduce time of both retrieving object and displaying them. The former can be achieved with the aid of spatial index such as R-tree, the latter require to simplify the objects. Simplification means that objects are shown with sufficient but not with unnecessary detail which depend on the scale of browse. So the major problem is how to retrieve data at different detail level efficiently. This paper introduces the implementation of a multi-scale index in the spatial database SISP (Spatial Information Shared Platform) which is generalized from R-tree. The difference between the generalization and the R-tree lies on two facets: One is that every node and geometric object in the generalization is assigned with a importance value which denote the importance of them, and every vertex in the objects are assigned with a importance value,too. The importance value can be use to decide which data should be retrieve from disk in a query. The other difference is that geometric objects in the generalization are divided into one or more sub-blocks, and vertexes are total ordered by their importance value. With the help of the generalized R-tree, one can easily retrieve data at different detail levels.Some experiments are performed on real-life data to evaluate the performance of solutions that separately use normal spatial index and multi-scale spatial index. The results show that the solution using multi-scale index in SISP is satisfying.     

《Chinese Science Bulletin》SUBJECT INDEX TO VOLUME 59(2014)

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Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

The elongation method,originally proposed by Imamura was further developed for many years in our group.As a method towards O(N)with high efficiency and high accuracy for any dimensional systems.This treatment designed for one-dimensional(ID)polymers is now available for three-dimensional(3D)systems,but geometry optimization is now possible only for 1D-systems.As an approach toward post-Hartree-Fock,it was also extended to     

Exciton Seebeck in Molecular Systems

Various applications relevant to the exciton dynamics,such as the organic solar cell,the large-area organic light-emitting diodes and the thermoelectricity,are operating under temperature gradient.The potential abnormal behavior of the exicton dynamics driven by the temperature difference may affect the efficiency and performance of the corresponding devices.In the above situations,the exciton dynamics under temperature difference is mixed with