半主动悬架座椅的设计及振动特性实验研究

为改善非公路驾驶员座椅的乘坐舒适性,设计制造了一种基于带附加气室空气弹簧和磁流变减振器的半主动悬架座椅,通过控制比例阀输入电压和磁流变减振器输入电流调节座椅悬架系统的刚度和阻尼,构建了座椅的振动特性实验系统。试验研究了激励频率、比例阀输入电压及磁流变减振器输入电流对座椅振动特性的影响规律。研究结果表明,座椅悬架的固有频率、位移传递率及加速度均方根值均随比例阀输入电压的增大而减小;在高频振动区,磁流变减振器的输入电流对加速度均方根值影响较大。     

磁流变半主动空气悬架混合天地棚控制策略研究

以磁流变减振器半主动空气悬架为研究对象,基于流体动力学理论建立空气弹簧数学模型,利用试验数据建立磁流变减振器多项式模型。考虑到空气弹簧刚度和磁流变减振器阻尼的非线性,将其以空气弹簧和磁流变减振器非线性力的形式引入到四分之一车辆动力学模型中;以汽车行驶平顺性,轮胎接地性和操纵稳定性的综合性能为控制目标,利用加权系数u引入混合天地棚控制策略,并分析了不同的u值对悬架各性能指标的影响,当u取0.8时,悬架综合性能最好,簧上质量加速度均方根值改善达23.2%,轮胎动载荷均方根值降低17.4%,悬架动行程略有改善。     

重型牵引车空气悬架参数匹配优化

在分析空气弹簧刚度特性的基础上,获取空气弹簧动特性曲线优化方法,利用ADAMS/Car建立重型牵引车空气悬架以及整车虚拟样机模型,以空气弹簧刚度和减振器阻尼为试验因子,以驾驶员处的加权加速度均方根值函数为目标函数,通过响应曲面法建立目标函数与试验因子之间的关系表达式,获取最优空气弹簧动特性曲线.将优化的空气悬架参数代入到整车模型进行分析,仿真结果表明采用优化后的悬架参数可使驾驶员舒适度得到提高.     

基于阻尼状态切换的装载机座椅悬架控制

为提高装载机驾驶员作业舒适性,提出了一种基于阻尼多状态切换减振器的装载机半主动座椅悬架系统.分析了阻尼多状态切换减振器的设计原理及油液流动行为,建立了阻尼多状态切换减振器数学模型,通过仿真分析获取了减振器4种阻尼状态下的复原阻尼系数和压缩阻尼系数,在此基础上,进一步构建了装载机半主动座椅悬架系统混杂动力学模型,设计了用于座椅半主动悬架的权值系数模糊自适应调整混杂模型预测控制策略,并在随机路面激励输入下进行了控制策略性能仿真分析.仿真结果表明:所提出的装载机半主动座椅悬架及其控制策略能够有效降低座椅垂向振动加速度均方根值,降幅达35.71%,同时改善座椅悬架动行程达30.88%,驾驶员作业舒适性得到显著提升.     

考虑汽车悬架动挠度的模糊PID控制

为了提高某型汽车的性能,针对其单筒式油气弹簧建立了数学模型,分析了刚度、阻尼及摩擦力对其悬架动力学的影响.以车辆悬架动挠度为控制输入,建立模糊PID控制模型,应用Matlab/Simulink仿真编程,制定模糊控制规则,设计了半主动悬架模糊PID控制器,并针对瞬态激励输入进行仿真.仿真结果表明:模糊PID控制策略在半主动悬架控制的应用,改善了车辆平顺性,使响应快速稳定同时振荡减小.      

空气悬架系统控制策略仿真研究

针对空气悬架系统,分别建立了基于模糊控制和PID控制的仿真模型.通过仿真,对比了两种不同控制策略空气悬架的簧载质量振动加速度、车轮动载荷以及悬架的动行程的动态变化.结果表明,模糊控制的空气悬架在车辆的操纵性、平顺性和安全性等基本性能的控制上优于PID控制的空气悬架.本文的研究结果可以为空气悬架的实验研究以及产品开发提供一定的理论参考.     

车辆主动悬架的模糊PID控制器仿真分析

通过建立某型汽车主动悬架系统的动力学方程和路面输入模型,融合PID控制和模糊控制的优点,设计了主动悬架模糊PID控制策略.在Matlab/Simulink环境中对此控制器进行的仿真结果证明,相对传统的被动悬架,本方法在降低乘员座椅垂直加速度、改善行驶平顺性和乘坐舒适性方面效果良好.     

基于天棚On-Off控制的磁流变半主动悬架研究

以平行平板流动模型和Bingham模型为理论基础,推导了磁流变减振器的阻尼力计算公式. 在车辆悬架动态性能模拟试验台上对磁流变减振器的示功特性和速度特性进行了试验验证. 最后基于天棚on-off控制,利用dSPACE搭建了实车试验平台,并进行了实际越野路面的道路试验. 试验结果表明:与传统被动悬架对比,磁流变半主动悬架能够很好地抑制车身以及驾驶员座椅的低频共振峰值,降低车身垂向振动幅值,提高车辆行驶平顺性和乘坐舒适性.      

座椅悬架和汽车悬架的集成变增益LQR控制

利用模糊控制理论和最优控制理论,提出了一种基于模糊控制的车辆主动悬架和座椅主动悬架的集成变增益LQR控制方法.在建立“车-椅”三自由度动力学模型的基础上,以底盘垂向加速度和座椅垂向加速度为控制目标,以车轮动态位移、车辆悬架动行程范围小于规定值为约束条件,设计出了车辆悬架和座椅悬架变增益LQR控制器,并用Matlab/Simulink进行了仿真实验分析与比较,得出该控制方法对座椅悬架和车辆悬架有较好的控制效果,验证了集成变增益LQR控制方法的有效性和可行性,为未来悬架系统控制的研究提供了参考.     

横向互联空气悬架动侧倾角刚度特性

利用经试验验证的横向互联空气悬架整车模型,分析了互联管径与外界激励条件对横向互联空气悬架侧倾特性的影响.结果表明:相同振幅下,激励频率较低时,空气弹簧是提供悬架动侧倾角刚度的最主要元件之一,互联管径对悬架动侧倾角刚度影响显著;激励频率较高时,减振器对动侧倾角刚度的贡献度可达80%以上,而空气弹簧的贡献度不足10%,互联管径对悬架动侧倾角刚度影响不再明显.根据空气弹簧、减振器、横向稳定杆对悬架动侧倾角刚度的贡献度,提出了互联管径选定方法,可为悬架系统参数匹配提供新的理论依据.     

Characterization of Ordovician carbonate reservoirs, southeastern Saskatchewan, Canada

The discovery of the prolific Ordovician Red River reservoirs in 1995 in southeastern Saskatchewan was the catalyst for extensive exploration activity which resulted in the discovery of more than 15 new Red River pools. The best yields of Red River production to date have been from dolomite reservoirs. Understanding the processes of dolomitization is, therefore, crucial for the prediction of the connectivity, spatial distribution and heterogeneity of dolomite reservoirs.The Red River reservoirs in the Midale area consist of 3～4 thin dolomitized zones, with a total thickness of about 20 m, which occur at the top of the Yeoman Formation. Two types of replacement dolomite were recognized in the Red River reservoir: dolomitized burrow infills and dolomitized host matrix. The spatial distribution of dolomite suggests that burrowing organisms played an important role in facilitating the fluid flow in the backfilled sediments. This resulted in penecontemporaneous dolomitization of burrow infills by normal seawater. The dolomite in the host matrix is interpreted as having occurred at shallow burial by evaporitic seawater during precipitation of Lake Almar anhydrite that immediately overlies the Yeoman Formation. However, the low δ18O values of dolomited burrow infills (-5.9‰～ -7.8‰, PDB) and matrix dolomites (-6.6‰～ -8.1‰, avg. -7.4‰ PDB) compared to the estimated values for the late Ordovician marine dolomite could be attributed to modification and alteration of dolomite at higher temperatures during deeper burial, which could also be responsible for its 87Sr/86Sr ratios (0.7084～0.7088) that are higher than suggested for the late Ordovician seawaters (0.7078～0.7080). The trace amounts of saddle dolomite cement in the Red River carbonates are probably related to "cannibalization" of earlier replacement dolomite during the chemical compaction.     

A computer generator for randomly layered structures

AcomputergeneratorforrandomlylayeredstructuresYUJia shun1,2,HEZhen hua2(1.TheInstituteofGeologicalandNuclearSciences,NewZealand;2.StateKeyLaboratoryofOilandGasReservoirGeologyandExploitation,ChengduUniversityofTechnology,China)Abstract:Analgorithmisintrod…     

海南岛地体及其毗邻陆缘晚中生代—新生代古地磁研究和构造演化

本文叙述了对海南岛及其毗邻大陆边缘白垩纪到第四纪地层岩石进行古地磁研究的全部工作过程。通过分析岩石中剩余磁矢量的磁偏角及磁倾角的变化,提出海南岛白垩纪以来经历的构造演化模式如下:早期伴随顺时针旋转而向南迁移,后期伴随逆时针转动并向北运移。联系该地区及邻区的地质、地球物理资料,对海南岛上述的构造地体运动提出以下认识:北部湾内早期有一拉张作用,主要是该作用使湾内地壳显著伸长减薄,形成北部湾盆地。从而导致了海南岛的早期构造运动,而海南岛后期的构造运动则主要是受南海海底扩张的影响。海南地体运动规律的阐明对于了解北部湾油气盆地的形成演化有重要的理论和实际意义。     

Exciton Seebeck in Molecular Systems

Various applications relevant to the exciton dynamics,such as the organic solar cell,the large-area organic light-emitting diodes and the thermoelectricity,are operating under temperature gradient.The potential abnormal behavior of the exicton dynamics driven by the temperature difference may affect the efficiency and performance of the corresponding devices.In the above situations,the exciton dynamics under temperature difference is mixed with     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

The elongation method,originally proposed by Imamura was further developed for many years in our group.As a method towards O(N)with high efficiency and high accuracy for any dimensional systems.This treatment designed for one-dimensional(ID)polymers is now available for three-dimensional(3D)systems,but geometry optimization is now possible only for 1D-systems.As an approach toward post-Hartree-Fock,it was also extended to     

《Chinese Science Bulletin》SUBJECT INDEX TO VOLUME 59(2014)

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An on-line scaling method for improving scalability of a database cluster

The explosive growth of the Internet and database applications has driven database to be more scalable and available, and able to support on-line scaling without interrupting service. To support more client's queries without downtime and degrading the response time, more nodes have to be scaled up while the database is running. This paper presents the overview of scalable and available database that satisfies the above characteristics. And we propose a novel on-line scaling method. Our method improves the existing on-line scaling method for fast response time and higher throughputs. Our proposed method reduces unnecessary network use, i.e. , we decrease the number of data copy by reusing the backup data. Also, our on-line scaling operation can be processed parallel by selecting adequate nodes as new node. Our performance study shows that our method results in significant reduction in data copy time.     

An improved R-tree based on childnode''s probability

R-Tree is a good structure for spatial searching. But in this indexing structure,either the sequence of nodes in the same level or sequence of traveling these nodes when queries are made is random. Since the possibility that the object appears in different MBR which have the same parents node is different, if we make the subnode who has the most possibility be traveled first, the time cost will be decreased in most of the cases. In some case, the possibility of a point belong to a rectangle will shows direct proportion with the size of the rectangle. But this conclusion is based on an assumption that the objects are symmetrically distributing in the area and this assumption is not always coming into existence. Now we found a more direct parameter to scale the possibility and made a little change on the structure of R-tree, to increase the possibility of founding the satisfying answer in the front sub trees. We names this structure probability based arranged R-tree (PBAR-tree).     

An Index mechanism for multi-scale view in spatial databases

There are numerous geometric objects stored in the spatial databases. An importance function in a spatial database is that users can browse the geometric objects as a map efficiently. Thus the spatial database should display the geometric objects users concern about swiftly onto the display window. This process includes two operations:retrieve data from database and then draw them onto screen. Accordingly, to improve the efficiency, we should try to reduce time of both retrieving object and displaying them. The former can be achieved with the aid of spatial index such as R-tree, the latter require to simplify the objects. Simplification means that objects are shown with sufficient but not with unnecessary detail which depend on the scale of browse. So the major problem is how to retrieve data at different detail level efficiently. This paper introduces the implementation of a multi-scale index in the spatial database SISP (Spatial Information Shared Platform) which is generalized from R-tree. The difference between the generalization and the R-tree lies on two facets: One is that every node and geometric object in the generalization is assigned with a importance value which denote the importance of them, and every vertex in the objects are assigned with a importance value,too. The importance value can be use to decide which data should be retrieve from disk in a query. The other difference is that geometric objects in the generalization are divided into one or more sub-blocks, and vertexes are total ordered by their importance value. With the help of the generalized R-tree, one can easily retrieve data at different detail levels.Some experiments are performed on real-life data to evaluate the performance of solutions that separately use normal spatial index and multi-scale spatial index. The results show that the solution using multi-scale index in SISP is satisfying.     

Integrating GIS Web services based on mediating architecture

The geographic information service is enabled by the advancements in general Web service technology and the focused efforts of the OGC in defining XML-based Web GIS service. Based on these models, this paper addresses the issue of services chaining,the process of combining or pipelining results from several interoperable GIS Web Services to create a customized solution. This paper presents a mediated chaining architecture in which a specific service takes responsibility for performing the process that describes a service chain. We designed the Spatial Information Process Language (SIPL) for dynamic modeling and describing the service chain, also a prototype of the Spatial Information Process Execution Engine (SIPEE) is implemented for executing processes written in SIPL. Discussion of measures to improve the functionality and performance of such system will be included.