二过碘酸合铜（Ⅲ）钾引发甲基丙烯酸甲酯在尼龙－1010上接枝共聚合反应的研究

本文以二过碘酸合铜（Ⅲ）钾（ＤＰＣ）为自由基引发剂，在尼龙－１０１０上引发甲基丙烯酸甲酯接枝共聚合反应，获得了具有一定接枝效率和接枝百分比的接枝共聚物。对接枝产物用红外光谱和Ｘ－射线衍射光谱进行了表征，测定了反应温度、ｐＨ值、单体用量和引发剂浓度对接枝参数的影响，探讨了该接枝共聚反应的引发机理。     

聚氨酯／环氧树脂接枝互穿网络聚合物制备和材料拉伸性能

以聚乙二醇（ＰＥＧ）和２,４－甲苯二异氰酸酯（ＴＤＩ）为原料,合成聚氨酯（ＰＵ）预聚体,与环氧树脂（ＥＰ）发生接枝反应,采用同步法制备接村互穿网络聚合物,用红外光谱分析接枝过程化学反应;研究了ｇｒａｆｔ－ＩＰＮｓ动态力学性能,结果表明ｇｒａｆｔ－ＩＰＮｓ的玻璃化温度（Ｔｇ）高于一般同步法制得的普通互穿网络聚合物。这表明接枝结构使ＰＵ与ＥＰ之间产生更加紧密的网络互穿;研究了接枝结构、ＰＵ预聚体含量对     

熔融法聚丙烯蜡接枝聚乙二醇的研究

以马来酸酐作为反应单体,用熔融接枝的方法在聚丙烯蜡（PPW）上接枝马来酸酐,以其接枝产物为原料接枝聚乙二醇（PEG）合成PPW-g-PEG接枝共聚物.采用IR, DSC,TG对所得的聚合物进行表征,红外谱图分析证明聚丙烯蜡与马来酸酐发生了接枝反应,该中间体也成功与PEG发生了缩聚反应,TG检测表明该产物的热稳定性明显提高.酸值测试表明分子量为1000的PEG聚合物反应最完全,且该分子量的改性接枝物的熔点降低最多.     

聚甲基苯基硅氧烷改性双酚F环氧树脂及其粘接性能的研究

羟基封端聚甲基苯基硅氧烷与双酚F环氧树脂进行接枝聚合反应制备了有机硅改性环氧树脂,研究了催化剂、反应温度、反应时间对产物的影响.最佳反应条件是:催化剂为三苯基膦,反应温度为120～150℃,反应时间为7～9h.讨论了聚甲基苯基硅氧烷含量对改性环氧树脂粘结性能的影响.研究结果显示,改性环氧树脂耐高温粘接性能较双酚F环氧树脂明显提高,当聚甲基苯基硅氧烷与双酚F环氧树脂质量配比为1∶4时,制备的改性环氧树脂固化物经300℃12h后剪切强度仍可达到5.4 MPa,适于用作耐高温胶粘剂.并采用FT-IRTGA等手段对产物进行了表征.     

聚乳酸接枝乙烯基吡咯烷酮的初步研究

为改善聚（D,L－乳酸）（PDLLA）的亲水性,以过氧化二苯甲酰为引发剂,四氢呋喃为溶剂,进行了PDLLA接枝乙烯基吡咯烷酮（VP）的试验。IR和^1H NMR测试结果表明：PDLLA可与VP实现接枝反应,摩尔接枝率为1．0％－1．6％。与PDLLA相比,接枝产物的[η]值下降,但吸水率增加、接触角变小,亲水性有所改善。     

聚硅氧烷类侧链型液晶的合成与表征

合成了一种新的含介晶单元的烯烃单体，对－（4－烯丙氧基苯甲酰氧基）苯甲酸对－甲氧基苯酚酯。将这种单体与聚甲基氢硅氧烷进行了硅氢化反应，合成了一种新的聚硅氧烷酯类液晶（PMMS）。用IR和^1H-NMR对合成产物的结构进行了表征，确证了聚合物液晶的梳形结构以及硅氢化反应的完全程度，发现这种PMMS含有13％的α－加成侧链。借助DSC曲线测出了它们的相变温度。     

THESYNTHESIS AND CHARACTERIZATION OF CROSSLINKED GELATIN WITH HYDROPHILIC/ HYDROPHOBIC GRAFTS

以过硫酸钾（ＫＰＳ）－亚硫酸氢钠（ＮａＢＳ）为引发体系，甲基丙烯酸甲酯（ＭＭＡ）及甲基丙烯酸（ＭＡＡ）为接枝单体，制得了具有亲水性与疏水性接枝支链交联明胶．用红外光谱确证了产物结构．实验结果表明，当［ＫＰＳ］＝［ＮａＢＳ］＝６×１０－３Ｍ，［ＭＭＡ］＝６×１０－１Ｍ，Ｇｅｌｘ－ｇ－ＰＭＡＡ＝４ｇ，ＳＬ＝４１００，６０℃反应５小时，接枝率Ｇ％及接枝效率Ｅ％均出现最大值．研究了此类两亲性接枝交联明胶的溶胀行为．     

壳聚糖接枝聚乙烯亚胺的合成与表征

用一种简单有效的方法合成了稳定的壳聚糖接枝聚乙烯亚胺接枝共聚物（CHI—g—PEI）,首先利用高碘酸盐对壳聚糖进行氧化,合成含醛基的壳聚糖;然后利用PEI上的氨基与醛基的席夫碱反应进行接枝;最后用硼氢化钠（NaBH4）还原亚胺,得到稳定的接枝共聚物CHI—g—PEI,研究了反应时间和反应温度对氧化壳聚糖产率的影响,以及PEI用量对接枝率的影响,产物和中间体用红外光谱（IR）、核磁谱图（^1H—NMR）和紫外可见光谱（UV—Vis）等进行了表征。     

铈盐引发丙烯酰胺在棉纤维上接枝共聚合反应的研究

采用铈（Ⅳ）盐－棉氧化还原体系引发丙烯酰胺在天然纤维素纤维上接枝共聚，探讨了酸预处理和接枝反应条件对产物平衡接枝率的影响及接枝共聚机理．ＩＲ表征产物具有预期的结构     

HDPE固相接枝MAH接枝率的研究

以过氧化苯甲酰（ＢＰＯ）为引发剂,用固相接枝共聚的方法制备高密度聚局烯接枝马来酸酐（ＨＤＰＥ－ｇ－ＭＡＨ）;用红外光谱法检测接枝产物的生成;通过差量法计算接枝率,着重探讨了各因素对接枝率的影响。     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Characterization of Ordovician carbonate reservoirs, southeastern Saskatchewan, Canada

The discovery of the prolific Ordovician Red River reservoirs in 1995 in southeastern Saskatchewan was the catalyst for extensive exploration activity which resulted in the discovery of more than 15 new Red River pools. The best yields of Red River production to date have been from dolomite reservoirs. Understanding the processes of dolomitization is, therefore, crucial for the prediction of the connectivity, spatial distribution and heterogeneity of dolomite reservoirs.The Red River reservoirs in the Midale area consist of 3～4 thin dolomitized zones, with a total thickness of about 20 m, which occur at the top of the Yeoman Formation. Two types of replacement dolomite were recognized in the Red River reservoir: dolomitized burrow infills and dolomitized host matrix. The spatial distribution of dolomite suggests that burrowing organisms played an important role in facilitating the fluid flow in the backfilled sediments. This resulted in penecontemporaneous dolomitization of burrow infills by normal seawater. The dolomite in the host matrix is interpreted as having occurred at shallow burial by evaporitic seawater during precipitation of Lake Almar anhydrite that immediately overlies the Yeoman Formation. However, the low δ18O values of dolomited burrow infills (-5.9‰～ -7.8‰, PDB) and matrix dolomites (-6.6‰～ -8.1‰, avg. -7.4‰ PDB) compared to the estimated values for the late Ordovician marine dolomite could be attributed to modification and alteration of dolomite at higher temperatures during deeper burial, which could also be responsible for its 87Sr/86Sr ratios (0.7084～0.7088) that are higher than suggested for the late Ordovician seawaters (0.7078～0.7080). The trace amounts of saddle dolomite cement in the Red River carbonates are probably related to "cannibalization" of earlier replacement dolomite during the chemical compaction.     

A computer generator for randomly layered structures

AcomputergeneratorforrandomlylayeredstructuresYUJia shun1,2,HEZhen hua2(1.TheInstituteofGeologicalandNuclearSciences,NewZealand;2.StateKeyLaboratoryofOilandGasReservoirGeologyandExploitation,ChengduUniversityofTechnology,China)Abstract:Analgorithmisintrod…     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

海南岛地体及其毗邻陆缘晚中生代—新生代古地磁研究和构造演化

本文叙述了对海南岛及其毗邻大陆边缘白垩纪到第四纪地层岩石进行古地磁研究的全部工作过程。通过分析岩石中剩余磁矢量的磁偏角及磁倾角的变化,提出海南岛白垩纪以来经历的构造演化模式如下:早期伴随顺时针旋转而向南迁移,后期伴随逆时针转动并向北运移。联系该地区及邻区的地质、地球物理资料,对海南岛上述的构造地体运动提出以下认识:北部湾内早期有一拉张作用,主要是该作用使湾内地壳显著伸长减薄,形成北部湾盆地。从而导致了海南岛的早期构造运动,而海南岛后期的构造运动则主要是受南海海底扩张的影响。海南地体运动规律的阐明对于了解北部湾油气盆地的形成演化有重要的理论和实际意义。     

An Index mechanism for multi-scale view in spatial databases

There are numerous geometric objects stored in the spatial databases. An importance function in a spatial database is that users can browse the geometric objects as a map efficiently. Thus the spatial database should display the geometric objects users concern about swiftly onto the display window. This process includes two operations:retrieve data from database and then draw them onto screen. Accordingly, to improve the efficiency, we should try to reduce time of both retrieving object and displaying them. The former can be achieved with the aid of spatial index such as R-tree, the latter require to simplify the objects. Simplification means that objects are shown with sufficient but not with unnecessary detail which depend on the scale of browse. So the major problem is how to retrieve data at different detail level efficiently. This paper introduces the implementation of a multi-scale index in the spatial database SISP (Spatial Information Shared Platform) which is generalized from R-tree. The difference between the generalization and the R-tree lies on two facets: One is that every node and geometric object in the generalization is assigned with a importance value which denote the importance of them, and every vertex in the objects are assigned with a importance value,too. The importance value can be use to decide which data should be retrieve from disk in a query. The other difference is that geometric objects in the generalization are divided into one or more sub-blocks, and vertexes are total ordered by their importance value. With the help of the generalized R-tree, one can easily retrieve data at different detail levels.Some experiments are performed on real-life data to evaluate the performance of solutions that separately use normal spatial index and multi-scale spatial index. The results show that the solution using multi-scale index in SISP is satisfying.     

《Chinese Science Bulletin》SUBJECT INDEX TO VOLUME 59(2014)

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Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

The elongation method,originally proposed by Imamura was further developed for many years in our group.As a method towards O(N)with high efficiency and high accuracy for any dimensional systems.This treatment designed for one-dimensional(ID)polymers is now available for three-dimensional(3D)systems,but geometry optimization is now possible only for 1D-systems.As an approach toward post-Hartree-Fock,it was also extended to     

Exciton Seebeck in Molecular Systems

Various applications relevant to the exciton dynamics,such as the organic solar cell,the large-area organic light-emitting diodes and the thermoelectricity,are operating under temperature gradient.The potential abnormal behavior of the exicton dynamics driven by the temperature difference may affect the efficiency and performance of the corresponding devices.In the above situations,the exciton dynamics under temperature difference is mixed with