高速动车组车轮型面多目标优化镟修

提出一种新的高速动车组车轮型面优化镟修方法,以与车辆系统动力学中的临界速度、影响轮轨系统磨损接触疲劳的接触应力和车轮名义滚动圆直径大小相关的三个函数为目标函数,以车轮外形曲线控制点的纵坐标为设计变量,样条曲线控制点的纵坐标上下界作为曲线的附加条件,以车轮型面的轮缘高、轮缘厚、接触角参数及样条曲线的导数作为车轮外形的几何约束参数,建立了高速动车组车轮型面多目标优化镟修模型.优化结果表明:基于多目标优化镟修模型,可以使得磨耗后的车轮不必镟修到标准型面就可以达到接近于标准型面时的综合性能,并且减少了车轮外形的镟修量,延长了车轮的使用寿命.     

基于马尔可夫过程的地铁车辆轮对磨耗建模及其镟修策略优化

基于广州地铁车辆轮对的磨耗数据,在分析轮对磨耗特点的基础上,对轮缘厚度和踏面直径的磨耗状态进行划分。然后根据马尔可夫理论,分别建立轮缘厚度和踏面直径磨耗的数学模型,得到轮缘厚度和踏面直径的一步转移概率矩阵。最后采用轮对镟修控制限策略,利用蒙特卡罗仿真法,以轮对期望使用寿命和期望镟修次数为指标,实现轮对镟修策略的优化,并给出了轮对镟修策略的四种优选方案。     

基于Gamma过程的机车车轮镟修里程预测方法

根据实测的机车车轮磨耗数据,利用非平稳Gamma过程,建立机车车轮轮缘的退化模型,运用a, b两种方法结合轮缘磨耗阈值预测95%可靠度时的镟修里程.a方法利用Bootstrap方法随机生成一组伪寿命的经验分布,以Weibull分布拟合预测镟修里程为47.39万km.b方法利用基于最大熵值原理的二次四阶矩方法,预测镟修里程为48.89万km.结果表明:与经验分布相比,a方法的的寿命较为保守,b方法的失效分布更吻合,可确定镟修里程为45万km.     

机车多边形磨耗车轮镟修异常原因分析及改进措施

针对某型号不落轮镟床不能有效消除机车车轮多边形磨耗的问题,建立车轮镟修的几何关系模型,分析采用驱动轮定位镟床不能有效消除车轮多边形的原因。基于SolidWorks Motion模块建立该镟床镟修的仿真模型,仿真不同状态多边形车轮的镟修效果,并研究相应的改进措施。研究结果表明:当车轮与镟床驱动轮接触点之间的弧长约为车轮多边形波长的整数倍时,采用驱动轮定位镟修将产生极强的仿形效果,这是不能有效消除多边形磨耗的根本原因。采用多次进刀镟修无明显改善效果,通过改变驱动轮间距可有效改善车轮多边形的镟修质量。建议将传统不落轮镟床优化设计为驱动轮间距可调节的改进型镟床,或采用轴箱定位镟修。     

基于Copula的车轮Gamma退化过程

通过Gamma随机过程描述机车轮缘与滚动圆直径的磨耗过程,研究了运用Copula函数和四阶矩方法计算轮缘退化与滚动圆直径退化的相关可靠性方法,通过动力学软件仿真得到列车不同阶段的动力学指标.研究了镟修周期为20万km的车轮退化过程的可靠性及车轮直径退化过程的灵敏度,利用Monte Carlo仿真(MCS)验证了该方法的正确性.结果表明:镟修周期为 20万km时车轮达到预期寿命的可靠性高,基于Copula函数相关失效退化模型计算的可靠性高于独立失效模型计算的可靠性,轮径退化可靠性模型的灵敏度研究说明镟修过程中应该要选取对轮径削减较少的方案.     

350km/h动车组车轮磨耗对动力学影响研究

为探究中国350 km/h的动车组的车轮磨耗变化及其动力学性能变化,对运营中的某350 km/h的新型动车组进行踏面磨耗跟踪测量,发现车轮在镟修周期内出现了踏面凹型磨耗和轮缘根部磨耗问题。从轮轨接触关系开始对上述发现进行研究,并通过SIMPACK软件仿真模拟,探究在高速下该型车轮磨耗的增加对车辆的动力学性能(包括非线性临界速度、曲线脱轨系数、车辆平稳性指标、磨耗功率)的影响。研究结果表明:350 km/h高速运行的新型动车组,其车轮磨耗主要为踏面滚动圆处的凹型磨耗与轮缘根部磨耗;伴随着车轮磨耗的增加,轮轨接触发生改变,滚动圆两侧的疲劳损伤愈加明显,车辆的动力学性能不断恶化。最后就车轮的磨耗的发生位置与其特点提出了几点建议。     

动车组车轮高阶不圆度成因分析

为了研究造成动车组车轮高阶不圆度的原因,本文从镟修工艺与列车行走两个角度,利用大量列车运行与维护的历史数据,通过数据挖掘手段,针对动车轮高阶多边形出现的规律做研究,以指导动车使用方更合理的安排轮对运营和检修工作。本文从大数据分析的角度,从轮对位置、行驶里程、动车速度、运行交路等多方面进行关联分析。     

城市轨道车辆车轮轮缘磨耗分析

 阐述了轮缘高度、轮缘厚度以及轮缘综合值3个参数对城市轨道车辆车轮的作用以及重要性,基于城市轨道交通某线路车轮的实际磨耗数据,分别对这3个参数进行重点研究,分析了各参数对车辆车轮磨耗的影响,主要结果表明:该线路属于典型的踏面磨损线路,存在较普遍的轮缘虚增厚问题,拖车的第一轴和第四轴存在一定同轴左、右车轮轮缘磨损不均匀现象。有针对性地提出延长该线路车轮使用寿命的建议,认为可以通过适当调节轮轨硬度比、定期反向运行、调整拖车空气制动力和动车电制动力的分配比例、降低空气制动切入点速度等方法有效降低车轮磨耗,提高车辆的安全运营。     

兰新客运专线CRH5G型动车组轮对镟修周期研究

兰新客运专线CRH5G型动车组镟修运行15万km后,出现了振动大、轴箱弹簧折断、垂向止档折断等影响行车安全的问题,为了提高动车组运行品质、确保动车组安全,需要进行轮对镟修或钢轨打磨,但提前进行轮对镟修会造成轮对使用寿命降低,因此需研究合理的轮对镟修周期.本文对兰新客运专线CRH5G-5183、CRH5G-5198两组动...     

镟床变频器原理与故障处理方法

地铁车辆检修段广泛采用镟床进行客车车轮的不落轮镟修,其控制设备由西门子MICROMASTER 440变频器及相应的外围接线组成,在镟床工作过程中出现的问题大部分来自于其控制系统。该文介绍了西门子440变频器的工作原理和保护构成原理,结合实际的接线,对变频器可能出现的故障和故障现象进行了分析。然后对实际的维修经验加以总结,介绍了变频器实际故障的检修顺序与检修步骤。最后,通过一起镟床突然停机的故障维修实例,说明了变频器的故障处理方法。在此基础上,该文给出了变频器的日常维护建议。     

An Index mechanism for multi-scale view in spatial databases

There are numerous geometric objects stored in the spatial databases. An importance function in a spatial database is that users can browse the geometric objects as a map efficiently. Thus the spatial database should display the geometric objects users concern about swiftly onto the display window. This process includes two operations:retrieve data from database and then draw them onto screen. Accordingly, to improve the efficiency, we should try to reduce time of both retrieving object and displaying them. The former can be achieved with the aid of spatial index such as R-tree, the latter require to simplify the objects. Simplification means that objects are shown with sufficient but not with unnecessary detail which depend on the scale of browse. So the major problem is how to retrieve data at different detail level efficiently. This paper introduces the implementation of a multi-scale index in the spatial database SISP (Spatial Information Shared Platform) which is generalized from R-tree. The difference between the generalization and the R-tree lies on two facets: One is that every node and geometric object in the generalization is assigned with a importance value which denote the importance of them, and every vertex in the objects are assigned with a importance value,too. The importance value can be use to decide which data should be retrieve from disk in a query. The other difference is that geometric objects in the generalization are divided into one or more sub-blocks, and vertexes are total ordered by their importance value. With the help of the generalized R-tree, one can easily retrieve data at different detail levels.Some experiments are performed on real-life data to evaluate the performance of solutions that separately use normal spatial index and multi-scale spatial index. The results show that the solution using multi-scale index in SISP is satisfying.     

Characterization of Ordovician carbonate reservoirs, southeastern Saskatchewan, Canada

The discovery of the prolific Ordovician Red River reservoirs in 1995 in southeastern Saskatchewan was the catalyst for extensive exploration activity which resulted in the discovery of more than 15 new Red River pools. The best yields of Red River production to date have been from dolomite reservoirs. Understanding the processes of dolomitization is, therefore, crucial for the prediction of the connectivity, spatial distribution and heterogeneity of dolomite reservoirs.The Red River reservoirs in the Midale area consist of 3～4 thin dolomitized zones, with a total thickness of about 20 m, which occur at the top of the Yeoman Formation. Two types of replacement dolomite were recognized in the Red River reservoir: dolomitized burrow infills and dolomitized host matrix. The spatial distribution of dolomite suggests that burrowing organisms played an important role in facilitating the fluid flow in the backfilled sediments. This resulted in penecontemporaneous dolomitization of burrow infills by normal seawater. The dolomite in the host matrix is interpreted as having occurred at shallow burial by evaporitic seawater during precipitation of Lake Almar anhydrite that immediately overlies the Yeoman Formation. However, the low δ18O values of dolomited burrow infills (-5.9‰～ -7.8‰, PDB) and matrix dolomites (-6.6‰～ -8.1‰, avg. -7.4‰ PDB) compared to the estimated values for the late Ordovician marine dolomite could be attributed to modification and alteration of dolomite at higher temperatures during deeper burial, which could also be responsible for its 87Sr/86Sr ratios (0.7084～0.7088) that are higher than suggested for the late Ordovician seawaters (0.7078～0.7080). The trace amounts of saddle dolomite cement in the Red River carbonates are probably related to "cannibalization" of earlier replacement dolomite during the chemical compaction.     

A computer generator for randomly layered structures

AcomputergeneratorforrandomlylayeredstructuresYUJia shun1,2,HEZhen hua2(1.TheInstituteofGeologicalandNuclearSciences,NewZealand;2.StateKeyLaboratoryofOilandGasReservoirGeologyandExploitation,ChengduUniversityofTechnology,China)Abstract:Analgorithmisintrod…     

Perspherical Approaches for Electrons in Atoms and Charged Excitons in Quantum Wells

Instead of following Fock’s expansion,we solve the Schrodinger equation for some quantum mechanical manybody systems such as electrons in atoms and charged excitons in quantum wells in a similar way in hyperspherical coordinates by expanding the wave functions into orthonormal complete basis sets of the hyperspherical hannonics(HHs)of hyperangles and generalized Laguerre polynomials(GLPs)of the hyperradius.This leads the equation to     

Advances in broadband wireless communications under high-mobility scenarios

Future mobile communication systems aim at providing very high data transmission rates, even in high-mobility scenarios such as high-speed wheel-track trains, maglev trains, highway vehicles, airplanes, guided missiles or spacecraft. A particularly important commercial application is the strong and increasing worldwide demand for high- speed broadband wireless communications （up to 574.8 km/ h test speeds or 380 km/h commercial speeds） in railways, providing data, voice and video services for applications such as onboard entertainment services to passengers, train control, train dispatch, train sensor status handling and sur- veillance. In such high-mobility scenarios, there are a number of communication challenges, including fast hand- over, location updating, high-speed channel modeling, estimation and equalization, anti-Doppler spreading tech- niques, fast power control, and dedicated network architec- ture. Because signal transmission in very high-speed scenarios will inevitably experience serious deterioration, it is imperative to develop key broadband mobile communi- cation techniques for such high-speed vehicles.     

Wuhan University Journal of Natural Sciences TOTAL CONTENTS

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Scale-based spatial data model for GIS

Being the primary media of geographical information and the elementary objects manipulated, almost all of maps adopt the layer-based model to represent geographic information in the existent GIS. However, it is difficult to extend the map represented in layer-based model. Furthermore, in Web-Based GIS, It is slow to transmit the spatial data for map viewing. In this paper, for solving the questions above, we have proposed a new method for representing the spatial data. That is scale-based model. In this model we represent maps in three levels: scale-view, block, and spatial object, and organize the maps in a set of map layers, named Scale-View, which associates some given scales.Lastly, a prototype Web-Based GIS using the proposed spatial data representation is described briefly.     

海南岛地体及其毗邻陆缘晚中生代—新生代古地磁研究和构造演化

本文叙述了对海南岛及其毗邻大陆边缘白垩纪到第四纪地层岩石进行古地磁研究的全部工作过程。通过分析岩石中剩余磁矢量的磁偏角及磁倾角的变化,提出海南岛白垩纪以来经历的构造演化模式如下:早期伴随顺时针旋转而向南迁移,后期伴随逆时针转动并向北运移。联系该地区及邻区的地质、地球物理资料,对海南岛上述的构造地体运动提出以下认识:北部湾内早期有一拉张作用,主要是该作用使湾内地壳显著伸长减薄,形成北部湾盆地。从而导致了海南岛的早期构造运动,而海南岛后期的构造运动则主要是受南海海底扩张的影响。海南地体运动规律的阐明对于了解北部湾油气盆地的形成演化有重要的理论和实际意义。     

Exciton Seebeck in Molecular Systems

Various applications relevant to the exciton dynamics,such as the organic solar cell,the large-area organic light-emitting diodes and the thermoelectricity,are operating under temperature gradient.The potential abnormal behavior of the exicton dynamics driven by the temperature difference may affect the efficiency and performance of the corresponding devices.In the above situations,the exciton dynamics under temperature difference is mixed with     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

The elongation method,originally proposed by Imamura was further developed for many years in our group.As a method towards O(N)with high efficiency and high accuracy for any dimensional systems.This treatment designed for one-dimensional(ID)polymers is now available for three-dimensional(3D)systems,but geometry optimization is now possible only for 1D-systems.As an approach toward post-Hartree-Fock,it was also extended to