氧化锆陶瓷与不锈钢钎焊的研究

采用Ａｇ－Ｃｕ－Ｔｉ活性钎料，研究了氧化锆陶瓷与１Ｃｒ１８Ｎｉ９Ｔｉ不锈钢的钎焊，探讨了软性中间层Ｃｕ对接头强度的影响规律，分析了陶瓷与钎料的界面反应，结果表明：陶瓷与钎料间存在一明显反应层，厚度约为４．４μｍ，反应产物为δ－ＴｉＯ和γ－ＡｇＴｉ３，并按ＺｒＯ２／δ－ＴｉＯ／δ－ＴｉＯ＋γ－ＡｇＴｉ３／Ａｇ－Ｃｕ呈层状过渡分布，中间层Ｃｕ对陶瓷与不锈钢钎焊接头强度有很大的影响，当厚度合适时，Ｃｕ通     

氧化物陶瓷与Ag－Cu－Ti钎料的界面反应

研究了氧化铝和氧化铬陶瓷真空钎焊时陶瓷与Ａｇ－Ｃｕ－Ｔｉ钎料合金的界面反应，分析了加热温度（１０７３～１３２３Ｋ）和保温时间（０～３．６ｋｓ）对界面反应的影响规律，扫描电镜和Ｘ射线衍射分析结果表明：两种陶瓷均与Ａｇ－Ｃｕ－Ｔｉ合金发生反应，反应层厚度随着温度和时间的增加而增加，对于氧化铝陶瓷，低子１１２３Ｋ时，反应产物为Ｃｕ２Ｔｉ４Ｏ和ＡｌＴｉ；在１１７３Ｋ以上温度时反应产物则为Ｔｉ２Ｏ、ＴｉＯ和ＣｕＴｉ２，此时，反应层是按Ａｌ２Ｏ３／Ｔｉ２Ｏ＋Ｔｉ０／Ｔｉ２Ｏ＋ＴｉＯ＋ＣｕＴｉ２／ＣｕＴｉ２／Ａｇ－Ｃｕ呈层状过渡分布，对于氧化锆陶瓷，在整个试验温度范围，反应产物均为γ－ＡｇＴｉ３和δ－ＴｉＯ，反应产物也是按ＺｒＯ２／δ－ＴｉＯ／δ－ＴｉＯ＋γ－ＡｇＴｉ３／γ－ＡｇＴｉ３／Ａｇ－Ｃｕ呈层状过渡分布的．     

Ti对Al2O3／Ni复合材料相界面润湿及力学性能的影响

以无压烧结方式制备了Ａｌ２Ｏ３／２０％Ｎｉ（Ｔｉ）（体积分数）复合材料．通过分析Ｔｉ元素的分布状态，研究了Ｔｉ添加剂对Ａｌ２Ｏ３／２０％Ｎｉ复合材料相界面润湿及力学性能的影响规律．结果表明，Ｔｉ元素集中分布在Ａｌ２Ｏ３／Ｎｉ相界面附近，并通过促进相界面润湿，强化相界面结合而显著改善复合材料的力学性能．实验成分范围内，随Ｔｉ含量增加，三点弯曲强度提高，而断裂韧性在３％Ｔｉ（质量百分数）时具有最大值，为６．２ＭＰａｍ１２．断口形貌分析表明，复合材料的增韧机理为桥接机理     

氧化镍在γ－Al_2O_3和TiO_2－Al_2O_3上的分散状态研究

采用浸渍法制备了系列ＮｉＯ／γ－Ａｌ２Ｏ３，ＮｉＯ／ＴｉＯ２－Ａｌ２Ｏ３催化剂样品，用ＸＲＤ，ＥＸＡＦＳ等方法对这些样品进行了分析．ＸＲＤ相定量方法测得ＮｉＯ在γ－Ａｌ２Ｏ３载体上的最大分散量为０．０６５ｇＮｉＯ／１００ｍ２Ａｌ２Ｏ３，而ＮｉＯ在ＴｉＯ２－Ａｌ２Ｏ３载体上的最大分散量为０．０８１ｇＮｉＯ／１００ｍ２ＴｉＯ２Ａｌ２Ｏ３。ＥＸＡＦＳ分析结果表明：ＴｉＯ２的引入改变了ＮｉＯ在载体表面上的分散状态．     

氧化物陶瓷与Ag—Cu—Ti钎料的界面反应

研究了氧化铝和氧化锆陶瓷真空钎焊时陶瓷与Ａｇ－Ｃｕ－Ｔｉ钎料合金的界面反应，分析了加热温度（１０７３－１３２３Ｋ）和保温时间（０－３．６ｋｓ）对界面反应的影响规律。扫描电镜和Ｘ射线分析结果表明：两种陶瓷均与Ａｇ－Ｃｕ－Ｔｉ合金发生反应，反应层厚度随着漫画度和时间的增加而增加，对于氧化铝陶瓷，低于１１２３Ｋ时，反应产物为Ｃｕ２Ｔｉ４Ｏ和ＡｌＴｉ；在１１７３Ｋ以上温度时反应产物则为Ｔｉ２Ｏ，ＴｉＯ和Ｃ     

金属基陶瓷纳晶薄膜的结构研究

用ｘ－ｒａｙ衍射技术分析二元混合物（Ａｌ２Ｏ３／ＴｉＯ２）等离子喷雾热解陶瓷超微料、陶瓷超微粒子薄膜、陶瓷／合金界面的结构演化机理。     

（Al2O3＋TiB2）／Al复合陶瓷与Al连接的研究

（Ａｌ２Ｏ３＋ＴｉＢ２）／Ａｌ复合陶瓷与Ａｌ连接的研究赵金龙董国峰高钦（大连理工大学铸造工程研究中心１１６０２４）关键词：铝；界面／自蔓延高温合成；（Ａｌ２Ｏ３＋ＴｉＢ２）分类号：ＴＢ３３２利用自蔓延高温合成（Ｓｅｌｆ－ＰｒｏｐａｇａｔｉｎｇＨｉｇ...     

界面反应层厚度对Ti／ZrO2钎焊接头强度的影响

通过活性钎料Ａｇ６６Ｃｕ３０Ｔｉ４对ＺｒＯ２的浸润试验测定了钎料／陶瓷界面反应产物,浸润角和反应层厚度与温度的关系。将Ｔｉ和ＺｒＯ２在不同温度下进行钎焊连接,得出了接头强度和钎焊温度（即反应层厚度）的关系,存在一最佳厚度,此时可获得较高的连接强度。     

低电阻率PTCR热敏陶瓷材料的研制

采用草酸盐和铵盐溶液法制备ＰＴＣＲ热敏陶瓷的前驱体（Ｂａ＿ｘＳｒ＿（１－ｘ））ＴｉＯ＿３和（Ｂａ＿ｙＰｂ＿（１－ｙ））ＴｉＯ＿３，加入半导化剂Ｓｂ＿２Ｏ＿３、或Ｎｂ＿２Ｏ＿５，以及ＡＳＴ剂（Ａｌ＿２Ｏ＿３、ＳｉＯ＿２和ＴｉＯ＿２）等，研制成功低电阻率（ρ≈１０Ω．ｃｍ）　的ＰＴＣＲ热敏陶瓷产品。     

商业Inconel718合金晶界析出相的鉴别

在商业Ｉｎｃｏｎｅｌ７１８合金中存在３种成分非常接近的析出相：δ－Ｎｉ３Ｎｂ（Ｔｉ，Ａｌ），γ″－Ｎｉ３Ｎｂ（Ｔｉ，Ａｌ）和γ″－Ｎｉ３Ａｌ（Ｔｉ，Ｎｂ），而且在标准热处理状态下，析出相很小，即使运用ＥＤＡＸ微区成分分析方法也难以区分，尽管３种析出相结构不同，但γ″相的３种变体和δ相的１２种变体导致两者众多衍射斑点的重合，增加了实验鉴别的困难。     

Microstructure s and mechanical properties of Ti3Al/Ni-based superalloy joints arc welded with Ti –Nb and Ti– Ni – Nb filler alloys

Dissimilar joining of Ti3Al-based alloy to Ni-based superalloy has been carried out using gas tungsten arc(GTA) welding technology with Ti–Nb and Ti–Ni–Nb filler alloys.The joint welded with the Ti–Nb filler alloy contained much less interfacial brittle phases than the one using the Ti–Ni–Nb filler alloy.The average room-temperature tensile strength of the joint welded with Ti–Nb was 202 MPa and the strength value of the one welded with Ti–Ni–Nb was 128 MPa.For both fillers,the weak links of the dissimilar joints were the weld/In718 interfaces.The presence of TiNi,TiNi3 and Ni3Nb intermetallic compounds in the joint welded with Ti–Ni–Nb induced microcracks at the weld/In718 interface and deteriorated the mechanical properties of the joint.And the adoption of the Ti–Nb filler alloy decreased the formation tendency of interfacial brittle phases to some extent and thus enhanced the tensile strength of the joint.     

Microstructure and mechanical properties of TiAl/TiAl joints brazed with a newly developed Ti–Ni–Nb–Zr quaternary filler alloy

A novel Ti–Ni–Nb–Zr quaternary filler alloy with the composition of Ti-(19～25)Ni-(15～25)(Nb ?+ ?Zr) (wt.%) was designed. The filler alloy was composed of (Ti,Nb)ss, (Ti,Zr,Nb)ss ?+ ?(Ti,Zr)₂Ni, α-Ti and Ti₂Ni phases. It was fabricated into filler foil with a thickness of about 45 ?μm by a rapid solidification technique. The results indicate that the liquidus temperature of the Ti–Ni–Nb–Zr brazing alloy was about 978 ^oC, and the brazing alloy presented excellent wettability on TiAl substrate. The TiAl joint mainly consisted of β/B2 phase, Ti₂Al, Ti₂AlNi and α₂-Ti₃Al phases. The diffusion of Al atom from base metal to brazed seam led to the formation of Ti₂Al and Ti₂AlNi. Considering that no previously references on XRD pattern of Ti₂AlNi compound can be found, Ti₂AlNi cast alloy specimen was specially prepared and XRD peaks were specially labeled. The micro-hardness and bending strength tests of the Ti₂AlNi phase were carried out, and the results were 761 HV and 192 ?MPa, respectively. The brazing parameters of 1010 ^oC/10 ?min offered the joint shear strength of 280 ?MPa at room temperature, and the joints exhibited tensile strength of 372 ?MPa at room temperature and 340 ?MPa at 750 ^oC, indicating that the newly developed filler alloy could offer a stable high-temperature strength.     

SnAgNi钎料钎焊Ni镀层SiCp/Al复合材料的接头微观结构及剪切性能

采用Sn-2·5Ag-2·0Ni焊料钎焊了具有Ni(P)/Ni(B)和Ni(P)/Ni两种双镀层结构的SiCp/Al复合材料.结果表明,SnAgNi/Ni(B)/Ni(P)和SnAgNi/Ni/Ni(P)两种接头均生成唯一的金属间化合物Ni3Sn4.SnAgNi焊料与Ni(B)镀层之间的快速反应速度使Ni3Sn4金属间化合物具有高的生长速度.时效初期的SnAgNi/Ni/Ni(P)接头的剪切强度高于SnAgNi/Ni(B)/Ni(P)接头,但在250h时效后其剪切强度剧烈下降,低于SnAgNi/Ni(B)/Ni(P)接头.金属间化合物的生长及裂纹的形成是SnAgNi/Ni/Ni(P)接头失效的主要原因,而SnAgNi/Ni(B)/Ni(P)接头失效的主要原因是Ni(P)镀层中Ni原子的定向扩散使SiCp/Al复合材料与Ni(P)处产生孔洞.     

Al_2O_3 弥散 Ti(C,N)基金属陶瓷刀具

在Ｔｉ（Ｃ，Ｎ）基金属陶瓷中，通过加入Ａｌ２Ｏ３弥散颗粒，使材料的硬度和高温性能都得到提高，从而获得更好的切削耐磨性。研究结果表明：Ａｌ２Ｏ３的引入使Ｔｉ（Ｃ，Ｎ）基金属陶瓷的常温强度和韧性有所下降而硬度和高温力学性能得到了改善。切削试验表明：Ｔｉ（Ｃ，Ｎ）－Ａｌ２Ｏ３系金属陶瓷比硬质合金、Ａｌ２Ｏ３－ＴｉＣ复合陶瓷刀具有更好的切削性能。ＳＥＭ观察表明：在Ｔｉ（Ｃ，Ｎ）－Ａｌ２Ｏ３金属陶瓷中，Ａｌ２Ｏ３与Ｔｉ（Ｃ，Ｎ）有相互抑制晶粒生长的作用，使Ｔｉ（Ｃ，Ｎ）基金属陶瓷的晶粒更细化     

基于原位合金化的SiCp/Al复合材料等离子弧焊接

为了抑制SiCp/Al基复合材料在焊接过程中的界面反应,补充烧损元素,同时原位产生新的增强颗粒,分别以Al-Ti-Si和Al-Ti-Mg两种药芯焊丝作为填充材料,向熔池中直接添加Al,Si,Ti和Mg等金属元素,用氩氮混合等离子气对SiCp/Al基复合材料进行等离子弧原位焊接.对比分析了两种药芯材料对焊缝组织和性能的影响.结果表明:以两种药芯焊丝作为原位反应填充材料进行等离子弧原位焊接时,均可以有效抑制针状脆生相Al4C3的生成,形成了稳定熔池,得到了以TiC,TiN,AlN,Ti5 Si3,MgAl2O4和细小棒状的Al3Ti等新生增强相的焊缝;焊缝组织致密结合良好,最大抗拉强度分别为232和196 MPa.     

Fe基－Al_2O_3复合材料的界面研究

将工业还原铁粉、Ａｌ２Ｏ３颗粒、炭粉及某种适量粘结剂，通过粉末冶金方法在高温下进行烧结，制备了Ａｌ２Ｏ３颗粒增强Ｆｅ基复合材料。用ＳＴＥＭ，ＴＥＭ及ＳＥＭ对界面结合机制进行了分析与研究。结果表明，烧结过程中在Ａｌ２Ｏ３颗粒与Ｆｅ基界面生成了中间相，使Ａｌ２Ｏ３与铁基有良好的结合强度，所制备的Ｆｅ基－Ａｌ２Ｏ３复合材料的硬度、耐磨性已超过相同含碳量的碳钢材料     

BGA封装中含Bi,Ni的无铅焊球剪切强度研究

对Sn/3.5Ag/0.7Cu,Sn/3Ag/3Bi/0.5Cu和Sn/3Ag/3Bi/0.5Cu/0.1Ni三种BGA无铅焊球(0.76 mm)经不同热循环后,在FR-4基板上的剪切强度进行了测量.采用SEM和EDX对样品截面进行观察和元素分析.数据表明,Bi的掺入提高了焊料的润湿性及焊接强度,并减缓了IMC的生长速度;焊料中加入微量Ni可有效减小焊点下金属上Ni镀层的耗穿速度,抑制了焊球经热循环后焊接强度的下降.     

Isothermal oxidation behavior and mechanism of a nickel-based superalloy at 1000℃

The oxidation behavior of a nickel-based superalloy at 1000°C in air was investigated through X-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscopy, andenergy-dispersive spectroscopy analysis. A series of oxides, including external oxide scales (Cr2O3, (TiO2 + MnCr2O4)) and internal oxides (Al2O3,TiN), were formed on the surface or sub-surface of the substrate at 1000°C in experimental still air. The oxidation re-sistance of the alloy was dependent on the stability of the surface oxide layer. The continuity and density of the protective Cr2O3 scale were affected by minor alloying elements such as Ti and Mn. The outermost oxide scale was composed of TiO2 rutile and MnCr2O4 spinel, and the growth of TiO2particles was controlled by the outer diffusion of Ti ions through the pre-existing oxide layer. Severe internal oxidation oc-curred beneath the external oxide scale, consuming Al and Ti of the strength phaseγ′ (Ni3(Al,Ti)) and thereby severely deteriorating the sur-face mechanical properties. The depth of the internal oxidation region was approximately 35μm after exposure to experimental air at 1000°C for 80 h.     

原位纳米增强高强韧钢氢脆性能研究

We investigated the critical influence of in-situ nanoparticles on the mechanical properties and hydrogen embrittlement (HE) of high-strength steel. The results reveal that the mechanical strength and elongation of quenched and tempered steel (919 MPa yield strength, 17.11% elongation) are greater than those of hot-rolled steel (690 MPa yield strength, 16.81% elongation) due to the strengthening effect of in-situ Ti₃O₅–Nb(C,N) nanoparticles. In addition, the HE susceptibility is substantially mitigated to 55.52%, approximately 30% lower than that of steels without in-situ nanoparticles (84.04%), which we attribute to the heterogeneous nucleation of the Ti₃O₅ nanoparticles increasing the density of the carbides. Compared with hard TiN inclusions, the spherical and soft Al₂O₃–MnS core–shell inclusions that nucleate on in-situ Al₂O₃ particles could also suppress HE. In-situ nanoparticles generated by the regional trace-element supply have strong potential for the development of high-strength and hydrogen-resistant steels.     

爆炸焊接轧制复合板的结合界面研究

通过实验测试不同爆炸焊接工艺 轧制获得的1Cr18Ni9Ti/20G复合板结合界面的组织、强度和性能进行了比较研究。实验表明：用下限获得的微小波状界面的爆炸焊接复合板，才能实现成功轧制，而大波状复合板本身存在一定的微观缺陷，在轧制时由于分层会使轧制失效。