高表达lncRNA调控意大利蜜蜂工蜂中肠发育的作用解析

为了探究高表达lncRNA(highly-expressed lncRNA, HlncRNA)调控意大利蜜蜂(Apis mellifera ligustica,简称意蜂)工蜂中肠发育的潜在作用,本研究利用前期获得的组学数据筛选出意蜂7和10日龄工蜂中肠的HlncRNA,通过RT-PCR验证上述HlncRNA的真实表达,通过RT-qPCR分析HlncRNA在1～21日龄工蜂中肠发育过程的表达谱,进而对HlncRNA的调控作用进行生物信息学分析.结果表明7和10日龄工蜂中肠中表达量最高的9条lncRNA相同;这些HlncRNA在1～21日龄工蜂中肠发育过程中真实表达且表达规律不同;HlncRNA通过顺式和反式作用分别调控32个上下游基因和18条共表达mRNA,此外可靶向55个miRNA进而结合131条mRNA.研究结果揭示上述9条HlncRNA可通过顺式作用、反式作用和ceRNA网络潜在调节应激反应与糖类消化和吸收等功能条目和通路,进而调控意蜂工蜂的中肠的发育.     

中华蜜蜂工蜂中肠响应东方蜜蜂微孢子虫胁迫的高表达基因分析

为探究高表达基因(highly expressed gene,HEG)在中华蜜蜂(Apis cerana cerana,简称中蜂)工蜂中肠响应东方蜜蜂微孢子虫(Nosema ceranae)胁迫过程的表达谱及作用,利用RNAseq技术对正常中蜂工蜂中肠(Ac7CK和Ac10CK)及N.ceranae胁迫7 d和10 d的中肠(Ac7T和Ac10T)进行深度测序、生物信息学分析和分子生物学验证.共测得1 809 736 786条raw reads,经质控得到1 562 162 742条clean reads. Ac7CK、Ac7T、Ac10CK和Ac10T的共有HEG为2 074个,特有HEG分别为89、283、156和78个.Ac7T和Ac10T的特有HEG分别涉及35和28个功能条目,以及39和37条代谢通路.RT-PCR结果证实了8个共有HEG的真实表达.上述结果表明,宿主的物质和能量代谢、细胞和体液免疫均受到不同程度的激活,二者间存在密切的相互作用.研究结果解析了中蜂工蜂中肠响应N.ceranae胁迫的HEG表达谱及潜在作用.     

东方蜜蜂微孢子虫侵染中华蜜蜂过程中的高表达基因表达谱及其潜在作用

本研究旨在通过高通量测序技术和生物信息学方法探究东方蜜蜂微孢子虫(Nosema ceranae)在侵染中华蜜蜂(Apis cerana cerana,简称中蜂)过程中的高表达基因(highly expressed gene, HEG)表达谱及潜在作用.利用RNA-seq技术对N.ceranae感染后7d和10d的中蜂工蜂中肠进行测序,通过连续比对东方蜜蜂(Apis cerana)和N.ceranae的基因组,滤除中蜂的数据,得到侵染中蜂工蜂的N.ceranae(Nc1和Nc2)的有效读段数分别为180 237 114和36 054 033条.根据FPKM值大于15的标准,从Nc1和Nc2中分别筛选出1 482和901个HEG.Venn分析结果显示二者的共有HEG数为890个,特有HEG数分别为592和11个.GO分类和KEGG通路富集分析结果显示,上述共有HEG分布于24个功能条目和富集于72条代谢通路.进一步分析发现分别有2个HEG富集在与真菌的应激反应和毒力密切相关的MAPK信号通路.此外,N.ceranae的孢壁蛋白等毒力因子编码基因和ATP/ADP转移酶基因等能量代谢相关蛋白编码基因在侵染过程维持高量表达.通过RT-PCR验证了随机挑选的8个HEG的表达.研究结果提供了N.ceranae在侵染中蜂工蜂过程中的HEG表达谱及潜在作用.     

微孢子虫感染下意大利蜜蜂谷胱甘肽降解酶基因

【目的】通过生物信息学鉴定意大利蜜蜂(Apis mellifera ligustica)谷胱甘肽特异性γ-谷氨酰环转移酶2(AmCHAC2)，并通过定量PCR分析该蛋白的编码基因〖STBX〗AmCHAC2〖STBZ〗在意大利蜜蜂组织中的时空表达特征，探讨该基因在蜜蜂抵抗微孢子虫感染中的作用。【方法】采用多重序列比对分析AmCHAC2的氨基酸序列特征和结构域组成；在线预测该蛋白的结构、互作蛋白网络、细胞定位特征和功能；构建系统进化树分析该蛋白的的系统分类和进化关系；实时定量PCR分析〖STBX〗AmCHAC2〖STBZ〗在供试蜜蜂组织中的时空表达特征；采用试剂盒检测分析供试蜜蜂组织谷胱甘肽含量的表达特征；采用ELISA法检测分析供试蜜蜂中肠活性氧含量。【结果】AmCHAC2由245个氨基酸残基组成，相对分子质量为28.3 kDa，pI为6.71。AmCHAC2为疏水蛋白，不具备信号肽，定位于细胞质。供试蜜蜂在感染东方蜜蜂微孢子虫(Noseama ceranae)14 d后大量死亡，存活率仅为23%；与对照组相比，感染微孢子虫的供试蜜蜂胸部和中肠组织中〖STBX〗AmCHAC2〖STBZ〗表达明显上调，GSH含量明显下降，且中肠内活性氧含量明显上升而触发氧化应激。【结论】〖STBX〗AmCHAC2〖STBZ〗在受到东方蜜蜂微孢子虫感染后表达上调，这可能在意大利蜜蜂抵抗微孢子虫感染过程中扮演着重要角色。     

你认识蜜蜂吗？

蜜蜂为无脊椎动物,属于昆虫纲、膜翅目、蜜蜂科,是一种十分古老的昆虫。当裸子植物逐渐为被子植物所取代、花开果熟成为普遍现象时,蜜蜂就开始登上舞台了。从出土化石来看,蜜蜂在地球上已经生活了2000多万年。我国养蜂酿蜜的历史十分悠久,有关蜜蜂的饲养记录可以追溯到4000多年前,当时饲养的主要是中蜂(全称为中华蜜蜂),现在饲养的蜂种除了中蜂之外,还有意蜂(意大利蜂)。中蜂和意蜂是我国的主要家蜂,在生活中人们很少将它们仔细地区别开来,一般都统称为蜜蜂。蜜蜂是一种社会性昆虫,一般由一个蜂王、少数雄蜂和千万个工蜂组成蜂群,它们分工合作,共同维持群体生存。蜂群     

东方蜜蜂微孢子虫环介导恒温扩增检测方法的建立

以从重庆酉阳分离到的东方蜜蜂微孢子虫(Nosema ceranae)为研究对象,以该物种16SrDNA作为靶标,设计引物并采用环介导等温扩增(Loop-mediated isothermal amplification,LAMP)技术检测东方蜜蜂微孢子虫。实验结果显示,LAMP检测的最佳条件为内引物浓度5μmol·L-1,聚合酶用量800U;以研究对象16SrDNA质粒为模板,LAMP检测的最低质量浓度为1.735×10-2ng·μL-1,PCR检测的最低质量浓度为1.735×10-1ng·μL-1;以研究对象基因组DNA为模板,LAMP检测的最低质量浓度为1.475×10-3ng·μL-1,PCR检测的最低质量浓度为1.475×10-1ng·μL-1;以研究对象基因组DNA、正常中蜂(Apis cerana)中肠基因组DNA、正常意蜂(Apis mellifera ligustica)中肠基因组DNA、正常家蚕(Bombyx mori)中肠基因组DNA、蜜蜂球囊菌(Ascosphaera a pis)孢子基因组DNA和中蜂囊状幼虫病毒cDNA作为模板进行检测,其中只有以研究对象基因组DNA为模板时,LAMP扩增才有条带。以上研究提示具有高灵敏度和高特异性的LAMP检测方法是东方蜜蜂微孢子虫检测的一个有效工具,可为后期在养蜂场建立快速有效的检测工具奠定基础。
     

蜜蜂生物节律研究进展

 生物节律主要指有机体生命活动的内在节律性。蜜蜂生物节律受到其社会性的影响,从而参与许多复杂行为的调控。与果蝇相比,蜜蜂的生物节律与哺乳动物更相似。工蜂和蜂王的生物节律表现出高度的可塑性。例如,工蜂的昼夜节律受其劳动分工形式的调控,并通过与幼蜂的直接接触来调节,哺育蜂昼夜照料幼虫,在行为或时钟基因表达方面没有昼夜节律变化。从蜜蜂的社会性、蜜蜂生物节律产生的分子机制、神经基础、研究方法、可塑性、蜜蜂的睡眠等方面综述了蜜蜂生物节律的研究进展。     

东方蜜蜂微孢子虫环介导恒温扩增检测方法的建立

以从重庆酉阳分离到的东方蜜蜂微孢子虫(Nosema ceranae)为研究对象,以该物种16SrDNA作为靶标,设计引物并采用环介导等温扩增(Loop-mediated isothermal amplification,LAMP)技术检测东方蜜蜂微孢子虫。实验结果显示,LAMP检测的最佳条件为内引物浓度5μmol·L~(-1),聚合酶用量800U;以研究对象16SrDNA质粒为模板,LAMP检测的最低质量浓度为1.735×10~(-2)ng·μL~(-1),PCR检测的最低质量浓度为1.735×10~(-1)ng·μL~(-1);以研究对象基因组DNA为模板,LAMP检测的最低质量浓度为1.475×10~(-3)ng·μL~(-1),PCR检测的最低质量浓度为1.475×10~(-1)ng·μL~(-1);以研究对象基因组DNA、正常中蜂(Apis cerana)中肠基因组DNA、正常意蜂(Apis mellifera ligustica)中肠基因组DNA、正常家蚕(Bombyx mori)中肠基因组DNA、蜜蜂球囊菌(Ascosphaera apis)孢子基因组DNA和中蜂囊状幼虫病毒cDNA作为模板进行检测,其中只有以研究对象基因组DNA为模板时,LAMP扩增才有条带。以上研究提示具有高灵敏度和高特异性的LAMP检测方法是东方蜜蜂微孢子虫检测的一个有效工具,可为后期在养蜂场建立快速有效的检测工具奠定基础。     

一种适于意大利蜜蜂中肠总蛋白提取方法的建立和应用

依次采用不锈钢珠破碎结合IPG裂解液法、液氮研磨结合IPG 裂解液法、液氮研磨结合 PBS 裂解液法和不锈钢珠结合 PBS 裂解液法提取意大利蜜蜂（Apis mellifera ligustica，Ap）中肠总蛋白，并通过 SDS-PAGE 对获得的总蛋白进行质量检测。结果显示，与其他 3 种方法相比，利用不锈钢玻璃珠破碎处理结合 PBS 裂解液法能够提取并获得丰度较高的 Ap 中肠总蛋白，蛋白质种类较多，分子量大小为 18.4～116 kD，样品的电泳条带清晰可见。应用该方法还开展了 Ap 感染东方蜜蜂微孢子虫（Nosema ceranae，Nc）后中肠组织蛋白质的差异表达分析，结果显示感染 Nc的 Ap 中肠出现了蛋白质的上调表达；同时 SDS-PAGE 结果显示该方法也适用于中华蜜蜂（Apis cerana ceranaFabricius，Api）中肠总蛋白的提取。利用不锈钢玻璃珠破碎处理结合 PBS 裂解液法提取 Ap 中肠总蛋白方法的建立将有助于对蜜蜂中肠蛋白进行鉴定分析，为深入研究蜜蜂中肠蛋白质组成、功能及其肠道免疫机制奠定基础。
     

一种适于意大利蜜蜂中肠总蛋白提取方法的建立和应用

依次采用不锈钢珠破碎结合IPG裂解液法、液氮研磨结合IPG裂解液法、液氮研磨结合PBS裂解液法和不锈钢珠结合PBS裂解液法提取意大利蜜蜂(Apis mellifera ligustica,Ap)中肠总蛋白,并通过SDS-PAGE对获得的总蛋白进行质量检测。结果显示,与其他3种方法相比,利用不锈钢玻璃珠破碎处理结合PBS裂解液法能够提取并获得丰度较高的Ap中肠总蛋白,蛋白质种类较多,分子量大小为18.4~116kD,样品的电泳条带清晰可见。应用该方法还开展了Ap感染东方蜜蜂微孢子虫(Nosema ceranae,Nc)后中肠组织蛋白质的差异表达分析,结果显示感染Nc的Ap中肠出现了蛋白质的上调表达;同时SDS-PAGE结果显示该方法也适用于中华蜜蜂(Apis cerana cerana Fabricius)中肠总蛋白的提取。利用不锈钢玻璃珠破碎处理结合PBS裂解液法提取Ap中肠总蛋白方法的建立将有助于对蜜蜂中肠蛋白进行鉴定分析,为深入研究蜜蜂中肠蛋白质组成、功能及其肠道免疫机制奠定基础。     

An Index mechanism for multi-scale view in spatial databases

There are numerous geometric objects stored in the spatial databases. An importance function in a spatial database is that users can browse the geometric objects as a map efficiently. Thus the spatial database should display the geometric objects users concern about swiftly onto the display window. This process includes two operations:retrieve data from database and then draw them onto screen. Accordingly, to improve the efficiency, we should try to reduce time of both retrieving object and displaying them. The former can be achieved with the aid of spatial index such as R-tree, the latter require to simplify the objects. Simplification means that objects are shown with sufficient but not with unnecessary detail which depend on the scale of browse. So the major problem is how to retrieve data at different detail level efficiently. This paper introduces the implementation of a multi-scale index in the spatial database SISP (Spatial Information Shared Platform) which is generalized from R-tree. The difference between the generalization and the R-tree lies on two facets: One is that every node and geometric object in the generalization is assigned with a importance value which denote the importance of them, and every vertex in the objects are assigned with a importance value,too. The importance value can be use to decide which data should be retrieve from disk in a query. The other difference is that geometric objects in the generalization are divided into one or more sub-blocks, and vertexes are total ordered by their importance value. With the help of the generalized R-tree, one can easily retrieve data at different detail levels.Some experiments are performed on real-life data to evaluate the performance of solutions that separately use normal spatial index and multi-scale spatial index. The results show that the solution using multi-scale index in SISP is satisfying.     

Characterization of Ordovician carbonate reservoirs, southeastern Saskatchewan, Canada

The discovery of the prolific Ordovician Red River reservoirs in 1995 in southeastern Saskatchewan was the catalyst for extensive exploration activity which resulted in the discovery of more than 15 new Red River pools. The best yields of Red River production to date have been from dolomite reservoirs. Understanding the processes of dolomitization is, therefore, crucial for the prediction of the connectivity, spatial distribution and heterogeneity of dolomite reservoirs.The Red River reservoirs in the Midale area consist of 3～4 thin dolomitized zones, with a total thickness of about 20 m, which occur at the top of the Yeoman Formation. Two types of replacement dolomite were recognized in the Red River reservoir: dolomitized burrow infills and dolomitized host matrix. The spatial distribution of dolomite suggests that burrowing organisms played an important role in facilitating the fluid flow in the backfilled sediments. This resulted in penecontemporaneous dolomitization of burrow infills by normal seawater. The dolomite in the host matrix is interpreted as having occurred at shallow burial by evaporitic seawater during precipitation of Lake Almar anhydrite that immediately overlies the Yeoman Formation. However, the low δ18O values of dolomited burrow infills (-5.9‰～ -7.8‰, PDB) and matrix dolomites (-6.6‰～ -8.1‰, avg. -7.4‰ PDB) compared to the estimated values for the late Ordovician marine dolomite could be attributed to modification and alteration of dolomite at higher temperatures during deeper burial, which could also be responsible for its 87Sr/86Sr ratios (0.7084～0.7088) that are higher than suggested for the late Ordovician seawaters (0.7078～0.7080). The trace amounts of saddle dolomite cement in the Red River carbonates are probably related to "cannibalization" of earlier replacement dolomite during the chemical compaction.     

A computer generator for randomly layered structures

AcomputergeneratorforrandomlylayeredstructuresYUJia shun1,2,HEZhen hua2(1.TheInstituteofGeologicalandNuclearSciences,NewZealand;2.StateKeyLaboratoryofOilandGasReservoirGeologyandExploitation,ChengduUniversityofTechnology,China)Abstract:Analgorithmisintrod…     

Perspherical Approaches for Electrons in Atoms and Charged Excitons in Quantum Wells

Instead of following Fock’s expansion,we solve the Schrodinger equation for some quantum mechanical manybody systems such as electrons in atoms and charged excitons in quantum wells in a similar way in hyperspherical coordinates by expanding the wave functions into orthonormal complete basis sets of the hyperspherical hannonics(HHs)of hyperangles and generalized Laguerre polynomials(GLPs)of the hyperradius.This leads the equation to     

Advances in broadband wireless communications under high-mobility scenarios

Future mobile communication systems aim at providing very high data transmission rates, even in high-mobility scenarios such as high-speed wheel-track trains, maglev trains, highway vehicles, airplanes, guided missiles or spacecraft. A particularly important commercial application is the strong and increasing worldwide demand for high- speed broadband wireless communications （up to 574.8 km/ h test speeds or 380 km/h commercial speeds） in railways, providing data, voice and video services for applications such as onboard entertainment services to passengers, train control, train dispatch, train sensor status handling and sur- veillance. In such high-mobility scenarios, there are a number of communication challenges, including fast hand- over, location updating, high-speed channel modeling, estimation and equalization, anti-Doppler spreading tech- niques, fast power control, and dedicated network architec- ture. Because signal transmission in very high-speed scenarios will inevitably experience serious deterioration, it is imperative to develop key broadband mobile communi- cation techniques for such high-speed vehicles.     

Wuhan University Journal of Natural Sciences TOTAL CONTENTS

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海南岛地体及其毗邻陆缘晚中生代—新生代古地磁研究和构造演化

本文叙述了对海南岛及其毗邻大陆边缘白垩纪到第四纪地层岩石进行古地磁研究的全部工作过程。通过分析岩石中剩余磁矢量的磁偏角及磁倾角的变化,提出海南岛白垩纪以来经历的构造演化模式如下:早期伴随顺时针旋转而向南迁移,后期伴随逆时针转动并向北运移。联系该地区及邻区的地质、地球物理资料,对海南岛上述的构造地体运动提出以下认识:北部湾内早期有一拉张作用,主要是该作用使湾内地壳显著伸长减薄,形成北部湾盆地。从而导致了海南岛的早期构造运动,而海南岛后期的构造运动则主要是受南海海底扩张的影响。海南地体运动规律的阐明对于了解北部湾油气盆地的形成演化有重要的理论和实际意义。     

Scale-based spatial data model for GIS

Being the primary media of geographical information and the elementary objects manipulated, almost all of maps adopt the layer-based model to represent geographic information in the existent GIS. However, it is difficult to extend the map represented in layer-based model. Furthermore, in Web-Based GIS, It is slow to transmit the spatial data for map viewing. In this paper, for solving the questions above, we have proposed a new method for representing the spatial data. That is scale-based model. In this model we represent maps in three levels: scale-view, block, and spatial object, and organize the maps in a set of map layers, named Scale-View, which associates some given scales.Lastly, a prototype Web-Based GIS using the proposed spatial data representation is described briefly.     

Exciton Seebeck in Molecular Systems

Various applications relevant to the exciton dynamics,such as the organic solar cell,the large-area organic light-emitting diodes and the thermoelectricity,are operating under temperature gradient.The potential abnormal behavior of the exicton dynamics driven by the temperature difference may affect the efficiency and performance of the corresponding devices.In the above situations,the exciton dynamics under temperature difference is mixed with     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

The elongation method,originally proposed by Imamura was further developed for many years in our group.As a method towards O(N)with high efficiency and high accuracy for any dimensional systems.This treatment designed for one-dimensional(ID)polymers is now available for three-dimensional(3D)systems,but geometry optimization is now possible only for 1D-systems.As an approach toward post-Hartree-Fock,it was also extended to