基于分解的进化算法和多变量分析技术在船型参数设计中应用

引入优化和决策技术讨论船型参数设计的多目标优化论证,基于分解的进化算法(DBEA)将船型参数设计的多个目标优化问题分解为一定数量的单目标优化子问题,采用进化算法同时求解这些单目标优化子问题.DBEA算法的种群由法向边界相交方法(NBI)构建,子问题的优化通过和邻近个体的进化操作完成.采用熵权和灰色关联方法对DBEA算法得到的船型Pareto解集进行综合评价,给出每个设计方案的定量指标排序.基于多变量分析技术讨论了船舶设计变量的层次聚类属性,给出了设计变量间的类别特性.采用多维标度方法(MDS)给出了这些变量在二维平面里的映射图形,结合聚类树形图可以加深对船舶参数设计模型的认识.对一艘3万t油船进行船型参数设计,算例分析表明,DBEA算法能够快速获得分布均匀的Pareto解,灰色关联方法的决策合理可行.     

物流配送中心选址方案模糊决策分析

为了解决物流配送中心选址方案选择问题,采用模糊决策分析法进行研究。建立影响因素指标体系,并采用判断矩阵分析法确定影响因素权重系数;研究多目标模糊决策方法,包括构建因素指标矩阵、构建模糊矩阵、对各方案进行决策;通过多个选址方案实例说明决策分析方法的全过程。结果表明:模糊决策分析方法很好地解决了物流配送中心选址中的模糊性、非确定性问题,实际应用时要灵活地确定评价指标体系和权重,采用定性分析与定量计算相结合的方法确定各方案的影响因素值。该成果对确定物流配送中心选址方案具有一定的理论和实用价值。     

船型方案优选的多目标群决策方法

利用与粒子群优化（PSO）算法相结合的多方案、多目标群决策方法对多种船型方案进行了决策优选. 首先在利用加权距离保证决策结果一致性的单方案、多目标决策方法的基础上,提出一种新的多方案、多目标群决策方法,然后引入 PSO方法对个体评价值进行迭代调整,使决策结果既能保持各位专家的初始偏好,又使各位利益相关者的意见具有良好的一致性. 将此决策方法引入船舶初步设计阶段的船型方案决策过程,分析确定船舶初步设计的重点属性指标及其权重,根据主尺度约束均匀生成系列船型方案,然后邀请多位专家进行评价决策,最终获得了船舶最佳主尺度决策结果. 该方法具有较高的可靠度,并为船舶主尺度方案优选提供了一种简便、高效的新方法.     

改进的层次分析法在煤与瓦斯突出危险等级预测中的应用

为了更合理地确定影响煤与瓦斯突出因素的权重,在层次分析法判断矩阵的构造上,论文主要用三标度法对传统的九标度法进行改进。利用改进的层次分析法确定影响煤与瓦斯突出各因素的权重,用隶属度构造了单因素模糊判别矩阵,用模糊综合评判建立了预测煤与瓦斯突出的多种模型,并且进行了二级模糊综合评判。将改进的层次分析法和二级模糊综合评判结合起来应用于煤与瓦斯突出危险等级预测中。对神仙坡等煤矿的多个工作面进行了煤与瓦斯突出危险等级预测。结果表明,利用改进的层次分析法——二级模糊综合评判预测煤与瓦斯突出等级是合理可行的,可以较准确地进行等级预测。     

一种修改的TOPSIS法

目的改进传统多属性决策问题的TOPSIS法。方法对有限方案多目标决策分析法的一种修改方法。结果改进了传统的TOPSIS方法,提出在解决某些实际问题时应放弃全序而采用偏序,即TOPSIS偏序法,能更合理地反映出方案的优劣性。结论修改和补充了有限方案多目标决策分析方法,使其更具合理性,并扩大了传统方法的应用,决策人可由方案的优劣性根据自己的偏好做出最终的理想选择。     

层次分析法改进及其在橡胶林种植对流域输沙影响评价中的应用

层次分析法广泛应用于指标权重计算和决策,但在判断矩阵构造和一致性检验中存在局限性.针对传统层次分析法及其现有改进方法所存在的数值标度和一致性检验两个关键问题,提出通过无限制标度建立与专家判断初衷更为吻合的因素间相对重要程度数值标度方法,并通过传递的方式构造完全一致性矩阵,对不满足一致性的原判断矩阵根据最大差异项进行调整.云南橡胶林种植对流域输沙影响评价指标权重确定应用实例表明,该改造方法降低了专家对判断矩阵数值标度的难度,并在解决判断矩阵不满足一致性问题的同时最大程度保留了原判断矩阵的信息.     

基于群决策的改进AHP法在桥梁评估中的应用

针对传统层次分析法(AHP)的缺陷,提出基于群决策的改进AHP方法,应用到桥梁状态评估中。首先,引入指数区间数标度方法,建立元素为指数区间数的判断矩阵,并建立一套求解指数区间数判断矩阵指标权重的优化算法;然后,引入基于加权集值统计的专家群决策理论,讨论基于判断偏好信息的专家权重计算方法以及判断矩阵的集结,得到专家群体决策矩阵;最后,构建某钢箱梁斜拉桥的综合评估AHP模型,采用本文方法进行指标权重计算,论证方法的可行性与实用性。本文方法弱化了单一专家评判过程中的主观不确定性,为桥梁的管理养护提供了更加科学可信的决策依据。     

层次分析若干理论与应用研究

层次分析法(AHP)是多准则决策领域中一种非常实用的方法.主要研究了判断矩阵的排序方法与性质、判断矩阵的标度和一致性、AHP的群决策方法以及AHP的应用等问题.该文对这些工作进行了总结.     

采矿方法优选多目标决策一致性组合权重研究及应用

以金山店铁矿充填采矿法优选为工程背景,将采矿方法优选视为多目标决策的系统工程问题来处理.综合考虑技术、经济、资源利用、劳动效率、安全、环境等多方面因素,构建了较为全面的采矿方法优选多目标决策指标体系.分别采用层次分析法、模糊判断矩阵及Delphi法对决策指标进行赋权,得到了三组单一权重.在此基础上,通过Kendall非参数检验及Spearman等级相关性分析,确定了各赋权方法的相关程度,得到了较为合理的采矿方法优选多目标决策指标的组合权重,并基于组合权重,采用模糊多目标决策确定了最优采矿方法为分段空场嗣后充填法.本文采用的组合权重赋权方法较好地解决了多目标决策时指标权重的分配问题,提高了采矿方法优选指标权重确定的合理性及科学性.     

改进的模糊层次分析法

目的 改进传统的层次分析法。方法 将互反型判断矩阵改为模糊一致性判断矩阵，并把和行归一法或方根法与特征向量法结合使用，提出了改进的模糊层次分析法。结果 指出传统的层次分析法往往会导致判断矩阵不满足一致性条件，需要检验和修正，而且计算精度不高。改进后的模糊层次分析法既解决了判断矩阵的一致性问题，又解决了解的收敛速度及精度问题，以此求得与实际相符的排序向量。结论 改进传统的层次分析法较传统的层次分析法更加完善和行之有效，并符合人们的思维逻辑，形式简单，准确，且易建立。另外，由优先判断矩阵改造而成的模糊一致性矩阵满足一致性条件，无需再进行一致性检验，同时也可大大减少叠代次数，提高收敛速度，满足计算精度的要求．从而为多目标决策提供了较为可靠的决策方法。     

Characterization of Ordovician carbonate reservoirs, southeastern Saskatchewan, Canada

The discovery of the prolific Ordovician Red River reservoirs in 1995 in southeastern Saskatchewan was the catalyst for extensive exploration activity which resulted in the discovery of more than 15 new Red River pools. The best yields of Red River production to date have been from dolomite reservoirs. Understanding the processes of dolomitization is, therefore, crucial for the prediction of the connectivity, spatial distribution and heterogeneity of dolomite reservoirs.The Red River reservoirs in the Midale area consist of 3～4 thin dolomitized zones, with a total thickness of about 20 m, which occur at the top of the Yeoman Formation. Two types of replacement dolomite were recognized in the Red River reservoir: dolomitized burrow infills and dolomitized host matrix. The spatial distribution of dolomite suggests that burrowing organisms played an important role in facilitating the fluid flow in the backfilled sediments. This resulted in penecontemporaneous dolomitization of burrow infills by normal seawater. The dolomite in the host matrix is interpreted as having occurred at shallow burial by evaporitic seawater during precipitation of Lake Almar anhydrite that immediately overlies the Yeoman Formation. However, the low δ18O values of dolomited burrow infills (-5.9‰～ -7.8‰, PDB) and matrix dolomites (-6.6‰～ -8.1‰, avg. -7.4‰ PDB) compared to the estimated values for the late Ordovician marine dolomite could be attributed to modification and alteration of dolomite at higher temperatures during deeper burial, which could also be responsible for its 87Sr/86Sr ratios (0.7084～0.7088) that are higher than suggested for the late Ordovician seawaters (0.7078～0.7080). The trace amounts of saddle dolomite cement in the Red River carbonates are probably related to "cannibalization" of earlier replacement dolomite during the chemical compaction.     

A computer generator for randomly layered structures

AcomputergeneratorforrandomlylayeredstructuresYUJia shun1,2,HEZhen hua2(1.TheInstituteofGeologicalandNuclearSciences,NewZealand;2.StateKeyLaboratoryofOilandGasReservoirGeologyandExploitation,ChengduUniversityofTechnology,China)Abstract:Analgorithmisintrod…     

海南岛地体及其毗邻陆缘晚中生代—新生代古地磁研究和构造演化

本文叙述了对海南岛及其毗邻大陆边缘白垩纪到第四纪地层岩石进行古地磁研究的全部工作过程。通过分析岩石中剩余磁矢量的磁偏角及磁倾角的变化,提出海南岛白垩纪以来经历的构造演化模式如下:早期伴随顺时针旋转而向南迁移,后期伴随逆时针转动并向北运移。联系该地区及邻区的地质、地球物理资料,对海南岛上述的构造地体运动提出以下认识:北部湾内早期有一拉张作用,主要是该作用使湾内地壳显著伸长减薄,形成北部湾盆地。从而导致了海南岛的早期构造运动,而海南岛后期的构造运动则主要是受南海海底扩张的影响。海南地体运动规律的阐明对于了解北部湾油气盆地的形成演化有重要的理论和实际意义。     

Exciton Seebeck in Molecular Systems

Various applications relevant to the exciton dynamics,such as the organic solar cell,the large-area organic light-emitting diodes and the thermoelectricity,are operating under temperature gradient.The potential abnormal behavior of the exicton dynamics driven by the temperature difference may affect the efficiency and performance of the corresponding devices.In the above situations,the exciton dynamics under temperature difference is mixed with     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

The elongation method,originally proposed by Imamura was further developed for many years in our group.As a method towards O(N)with high efficiency and high accuracy for any dimensional systems.This treatment designed for one-dimensional(ID)polymers is now available for three-dimensional(3D)systems,but geometry optimization is now possible only for 1D-systems.As an approach toward post-Hartree-Fock,it was also extended to     

《Chinese Science Bulletin》SUBJECT INDEX TO VOLUME 59(2014)

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An on-line scaling method for improving scalability of a database cluster

The explosive growth of the Internet and database applications has driven database to be more scalable and available, and able to support on-line scaling without interrupting service. To support more client's queries without downtime and degrading the response time, more nodes have to be scaled up while the database is running. This paper presents the overview of scalable and available database that satisfies the above characteristics. And we propose a novel on-line scaling method. Our method improves the existing on-line scaling method for fast response time and higher throughputs. Our proposed method reduces unnecessary network use, i.e. , we decrease the number of data copy by reusing the backup data. Also, our on-line scaling operation can be processed parallel by selecting adequate nodes as new node. Our performance study shows that our method results in significant reduction in data copy time.     

An improved R-tree based on childnode''s probability

R-Tree is a good structure for spatial searching. But in this indexing structure,either the sequence of nodes in the same level or sequence of traveling these nodes when queries are made is random. Since the possibility that the object appears in different MBR which have the same parents node is different, if we make the subnode who has the most possibility be traveled first, the time cost will be decreased in most of the cases. In some case, the possibility of a point belong to a rectangle will shows direct proportion with the size of the rectangle. But this conclusion is based on an assumption that the objects are symmetrically distributing in the area and this assumption is not always coming into existence. Now we found a more direct parameter to scale the possibility and made a little change on the structure of R-tree, to increase the possibility of founding the satisfying answer in the front sub trees. We names this structure probability based arranged R-tree (PBAR-tree).     

An Index mechanism for multi-scale view in spatial databases

There are numerous geometric objects stored in the spatial databases. An importance function in a spatial database is that users can browse the geometric objects as a map efficiently. Thus the spatial database should display the geometric objects users concern about swiftly onto the display window. This process includes two operations:retrieve data from database and then draw them onto screen. Accordingly, to improve the efficiency, we should try to reduce time of both retrieving object and displaying them. The former can be achieved with the aid of spatial index such as R-tree, the latter require to simplify the objects. Simplification means that objects are shown with sufficient but not with unnecessary detail which depend on the scale of browse. So the major problem is how to retrieve data at different detail level efficiently. This paper introduces the implementation of a multi-scale index in the spatial database SISP (Spatial Information Shared Platform) which is generalized from R-tree. The difference between the generalization and the R-tree lies on two facets: One is that every node and geometric object in the generalization is assigned with a importance value which denote the importance of them, and every vertex in the objects are assigned with a importance value,too. The importance value can be use to decide which data should be retrieve from disk in a query. The other difference is that geometric objects in the generalization are divided into one or more sub-blocks, and vertexes are total ordered by their importance value. With the help of the generalized R-tree, one can easily retrieve data at different detail levels.Some experiments are performed on real-life data to evaluate the performance of solutions that separately use normal spatial index and multi-scale spatial index. The results show that the solution using multi-scale index in SISP is satisfying.     

Integrating GIS Web services based on mediating architecture

The geographic information service is enabled by the advancements in general Web service technology and the focused efforts of the OGC in defining XML-based Web GIS service. Based on these models, this paper addresses the issue of services chaining,the process of combining or pipelining results from several interoperable GIS Web Services to create a customized solution. This paper presents a mediated chaining architecture in which a specific service takes responsibility for performing the process that describes a service chain. We designed the Spatial Information Process Language (SIPL) for dynamic modeling and describing the service chain, also a prototype of the Spatial Information Process Execution Engine (SIPEE) is implemented for executing processes written in SIPL. Discussion of measures to improve the functionality and performance of such system will be included.