基于代谢流导向与分析的L-异亮氨酸发酵条件优化

基于代谢流导向与分析,对L 异亮氨酸种子培养基中碳氮源组合、豆饼水解液用量和种子pH控制条件进行了研究,得到了优化的种子培养条件;采用均匀设计法考察了发酵培养基中几种主要成分对发酵的影响,得到葡萄糖、(NH4)2SO4、VH、VB、VB1的最适用量,分析了这4种组分对增大L 异亮氨酸合成代谢流的作用,并对最适供氧量进行了研究,得到最佳发酵条件,在此条件下产L 异亮氨酸19.1g/L。     

L-异亮氨酸发酵培养基的遗传算法优化及发酵过程的神经网络建模

应用遗传算法对L-异亮氨酸发酵培养基进行优化,经优化后的发酵培养基能积累L-异亮氨酸16.84g/L,比初始值提高28.7%.并且运用神经网络对L-异亮氨酸的发酵过程进行建模并预测,取得了良好的效果.结果表明,神经网络在L-异亮氨酸发酵的模拟与预测中是一种高效快速的方法.     

柠檬酸钠对L-异亮氨酸发酵及代谢流量分布的影响

分析黄色短杆菌(Brevibacterium flavum)中L–异亮氨酸生物合成途径得知,添加柠檬酸钠利于L–异亮氨酸发酵.通过考察柠檬酸添加量对副产物含量、菌体生物量、菌体比生长速率及L–异亮氨酸产量的影响,得出柠檬酸钠的最适添加量为2.0 g/L.应用代谢流分析方法研究了柠檬酸钠对L–异亮氨酸发酵中后期细胞内代谢流分布的影响.结果表明,在初始发酵培养基中添加2.0 g/L柠檬酸钠后,合成副产物的代谢流量明显减少,EMP途径代谢流从63.34减弱至46.54,而L–异亮氨酸的生物合成代谢流增长至23.28,较添加前提高了5.91%,且产量提高了7.87%.因此,发酵过程中添加柠檬酸钠可有效减少副产物的生成,提高L–异亮氨酸生物合成途径的代谢流量.     

桑肠杆菌VL4-3转化阿魏酸生产香兰素

对能转化阿魏酸生成香兰素的一株桑肠杆菌VL4-3的发酵培养基、发酵培养条件、种子培养基和种子培养条件进行优化.确定了液体发酵的最佳培养基:麸皮10g/L,豆粕1g/L,氯化钠0.5g/L,硫酸亚铁0.5g/L,pH=8;最佳发酵培养条件:接种量10%,摇瓶装液量10%,阿魏酸最大加入量10g/L,37℃,100r/min,避光培养12d;最佳种子培养基:牛肉膏蛋白胨培养基;最佳种子培养条件:25℃,100r/min,24h.在上述优化发酵条件下,发酵液中香兰素最大浓度为2 262.43mg/L,最大转化率为28.87%.     

响应面法优化L-异亮氨酸产生菌的摇瓶发酵条件

对黄色短杆菌突变株BM2610生产L-异亮氨酸的摇瓶发酵条件进行了研究.单因素优化了菌株BM2610的发酵培养基与培养条件,确定了发酵培养基的最佳碳氮源、最适起始pH、装液量及接种量等,进一步通过响应面分析方法优化了发酵培养基的组成配比.结果在优化条件下,BM2610摇瓶发酵平均积累L-异亮氨酸16.11 g·L~(-1),比未优化前提高了126.3%.     

溶氧控制对黄色短杆菌YILW合成L-异亮氨酸的影响

对黄色短杆菌YILW合成L-异亮氨酸的发酵溶氧条件进行了探索,构建了该菌合成上L-异亮氨酸的代谢网络和代谢流平衡模型.在30 L发酵罐中考察了不同溶氧浓度下L-异亮氨酸发酵过程.研究结果表明:高溶氧浓度有利于菌体生长,15%溶氧浓度下产酸速率高且维持的时间长,有利于L-异亮氨酸的积累.为此提出了分段控氧模式:在菌体生长...     

过量表达苏氨酸脱水酶对谷氨酸棒杆菌合成L–异亮氨酸的影响

考察过量表达解除反馈抑制的苏氨酸脱水酶对谷氨酸棒杆菌发酵生产L–异亮氨酸的影响.将解除反馈抑制的苏氨酸脱水酶基因ilvA(F383V)连接大肠杆菌/谷氨酸棒杆菌穿梭质粒pXMJ19,过量表达于L–异亮氨酸生产菌株Corynebacterium glutamicum YILW.经5 L发酵罐分批补料发酵产酸实验,与出发菌株C.glutamicum YILW相比,耗糖高峰期滞后,L–异亮氨酸产量增加了10.3%,副产物L–蛋氨酸、L–赖氨酸含量分别降低了33.3%2、6.5%,发酵液中没有L–苏氨酸的累积,乳酸的累积量增加了41.7%.对发酵稳定期的代谢流分布研究表明,过量表达解除反馈抑制的苏氨酸脱水酶使HMP途径流量增加了31.7%,L–异亮氨酸生物合成途径的代谢流提高了8.5%.     

鲍肠道益生菌芽孢杆菌A3440菌株培养基及发酵条件优化

对一株来自于杂色鲍(Haliotis diversicolor)肠道并经证实具有显著促进其生长及免疫活性的同温层芽孢杆菌(Bacillus stratosphericus)A3440菌株进行培养基及发酵条件的优化研究,为该益生菌应用于鲍及其他水产动物的健康养殖奠定基础.以细菌芽孢率和蛋白酶活力为检测指标,采用单因素试验和正交设计试验优化发酵培养基组分及发酵条件.结果显示,该菌最佳发酵配方为:蛋白胨7g/L,酵母膏7g/L,NaCl 20g/L,CaCl20.20g/L;最佳发酵条件为:初始pH 9.0,培养温度30℃,种子液接种量8%,装液量30 mL(250 mL锥形瓶),培养时间24h.优化后芽孢率为94.3%,较基础培养基提高8.77%;蛋白酶活力为294.44U/mL,较基础培养基提高76.67%.     

过表达hom基因对谷氨酸棒杆菌发酵L-异亮氨酸的影响

谷氨酸棒杆菌(Corynebacterium glutamicum)中hom基因编码的高丝氨酸脱水酶为L-异亮氨酸合成过程的关键酶,本研究通过在L-异亮氨酸生产菌C.glutamicum YILW中过表达高丝氨酸脱水酶,考察过表达高丝氨酸脱水酶对发酵L-异亮氨酸产量的影响.以L-异亮氨酸生产菌C.glutamicum YILW基因组为模板克隆hom基因,将hom基因与表达载体pXMJ19连接构建出重组质粒pXMJ19-hom,再转入C.glutamicum YILW构建C.glutamicumYILW(pXMJ19-hom).通过5,L罐发酵研究重组质粒对工程菌的生长、耗糖、L-异亮氨酸产量及副产物积累等方面的影响.结果显示,重组酶的表达使菌株对L-苏氨酸的抗反馈抑制作用得到加强.最终L-异亮氨酸和L-蛋氨酸积累量分别为36.5,g/L和2.8,g/L,分别较出发菌株提高7%和33%,同时L-赖氨酸合成量仅为2.1,g/L,较出发菌株降低了63.8%.     

L-异亮氨酸补料分批发酵的研究

研究了不同初糖浓度、葡萄糖及氮的补加方式在L-异亮氨酸发酵过程中对其产酸率、转化率等参数的影响,确定了L-异亮氨酸补料分批发酵的最佳条件,在最佳补料分批发酵条件下,L-异亮氨酸产量达21．96g／L,糖酸转化率达15．34％．     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Lower Paleozoic oil relationships within Williston Basin, Canada

The Williston Basin is a significant petroleum province, containing oil production zones that include the Middle Cambrian to Lower Ordovician, Upper Ordovician, Middle Devonian, Upper Devonian and Mississippian and within the Jurassic and Cretaceous. The oils of the Williston Basin exhibit a wide range of geochemical characteristics defined as "oil families", although the geochemical signature of the Cambrian Deadwood Formation and Lower Ordovician Winnipeg reservoired oils does not match any "oil family". Despite their close stratigraphic proximity, it is evident that the oils of the Lower Palaeozoic within the Williston Basin are distinct. This suggests the presence of a new "oil family" within the Williston Basin. Diagnostic geochemical signatures occur in the gasoline range chromatograms, within saturate fraction gas chromatograms and biomarker fingerprints. However, some of the established criteria and cross-plots that are currently used to segregate oils into distinct genetic families within the basin do not always meet with success, particularly when applied to the Lower Palaeozoic oils of the Deadwood and Winnipeg Formation.     

An Analysis of Catherine＇s Character——Wuthering Heights

Wuthering Heights, Emily Bronte＇s only novel, was published in December of 1847 under the pseudonym Ellis Bell. The book did not gain immediate success, but it is now thought one of the finest novels in the English language. Catherine is the key character of this masterpiece, because everybody and everything center on her though she had a short life. We can understand this masterpiece better if we know Catherine well.     

Characterization of Ordovician carbonate reservoirs, southeastern Saskatchewan, Canada

The discovery of the prolific Ordovician Red River reservoirs in 1995 in southeastern Saskatchewan was the catalyst for extensive exploration activity which resulted in the discovery of more than 15 new Red River pools. The best yields of Red River production to date have been from dolomite reservoirs. Understanding the processes of dolomitization is, therefore, crucial for the prediction of the connectivity, spatial distribution and heterogeneity of dolomite reservoirs.The Red River reservoirs in the Midale area consist of 3～4 thin dolomitized zones, with a total thickness of about 20 m, which occur at the top of the Yeoman Formation. Two types of replacement dolomite were recognized in the Red River reservoir: dolomitized burrow infills and dolomitized host matrix. The spatial distribution of dolomite suggests that burrowing organisms played an important role in facilitating the fluid flow in the backfilled sediments. This resulted in penecontemporaneous dolomitization of burrow infills by normal seawater. The dolomite in the host matrix is interpreted as having occurred at shallow burial by evaporitic seawater during precipitation of Lake Almar anhydrite that immediately overlies the Yeoman Formation. However, the low δ18O values of dolomited burrow infills (-5.9‰～ -7.8‰, PDB) and matrix dolomites (-6.6‰～ -8.1‰, avg. -7.4‰ PDB) compared to the estimated values for the late Ordovician marine dolomite could be attributed to modification and alteration of dolomite at higher temperatures during deeper burial, which could also be responsible for its 87Sr/86Sr ratios (0.7084～0.7088) that are higher than suggested for the late Ordovician seawaters (0.7078～0.7080). The trace amounts of saddle dolomite cement in the Red River carbonates are probably related to "cannibalization" of earlier replacement dolomite during the chemical compaction.     

Design and analysis of generic LBS application developing platform

Location based services is promising due to its novel working style and contents.A software platform is proposed to provide application programs of typical location based services and support new applications developing efficiently. The analysis shows that this scheme is easy implemented, low cost and adapt to all kinds of mobile nework system.     

橡胶颗粒沥青混合料低温抗裂性试验研究

以AC-13级配为基础,将橡胶颗粒代替部分集料掺入混合料中,以低温弯曲试验为评价方法对不同橡胶颗粒掺量下沥青混合料的低温抗裂性进行研究,并引入应变能密度值对混合料的低温抗裂性进行综合评价.试验结果表明:橡胶颗粒沥青混合料试件的破坏微应变均超过2 300,满足冬寒区的技术指标;无论是否掺加橡胶颗粒,随着温度的下降,沥青混合料破坏时的最大弯拉强度增大,弯拉应变降低,劲度模量增大;弯曲应变能密度在胶粒掺量为1%左右时具有较大的弯曲应变能密度值,此时橡胶颗粒沥青混合料具有较好的低温抗裂性.     

A computer generator for randomly layered structures

AcomputergeneratorforrandomlylayeredstructuresYUJia shun1,2,HEZhen hua2(1.TheInstituteofGeologicalandNuclearSciences,NewZealand;2.StateKeyLaboratoryofOilandGasReservoirGeologyandExploitation,ChengduUniversityofTechnology,China)Abstract:Analgorithmisintrod…     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

Quantitative trait loci （QTLs） for quality traits related to protein and starch in wheat

Quality traits in wheat （Triticum aestirum L.） were studied by quantitative trait locus （QTL） analysis in a recombinant inbred line （RIL） population, a set of 131 lines derived from Chuan 35050 × Shannong 483 cross （ChSh）. Grains from RILs were assayed for 21 quality traits related to protein and starch. A total of 35 putative QTLs for 19 traits with a single QTL explaining 7.99-40.52% of phenotypic variations were detected on 10 chromosomes, 1D, 2A, 2D, 3B, 3D, 5A, 6A, 6B, 6D, and 7B. The additive effects of 30 QTLs were positive, contributed by Chuan 35050, the remaining 5 QTLs were negative with the additive effect contributed by Shannong 483. For protein traits, 15 QTLs were obtained and most of them were located on chromosomes 1 D, 3B and 6D, while 20 QTLs for starch traits were detected and most of them were located on chromosomes 3D, 6B and 7B. Only 7 QTLs for protein and starch traits were co-located in three regions on chromosomes 1D, 2A and 2D. These protein and starch trait QTLs showed a distinct distribution pattern in certain regions and chromosomes. Twenty-two QTLs were clustered in 6 regions of 5 chromosomes. Two QTL clusters for protein traits were located on chromosomes 1D and 3B, respectively, three clusters for starch traits on chromosomes 3D, 6B and 7B, and one cluster including protein and starch traits on chromosome 1D.     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.