复合酶法水解花生粕制备抗氧化肽的工艺优化

以DPPH自由基清除率和收率为响应值,采用响应面法对复合酶法水解花生粕生产抗氧化性肽工艺条件进行了优化.研究结果表明,碱性蛋白酶和中性蛋白酶对花生粕具有较强的水解能力,二者以2∶1的比例对花生粕水解时,较优水解条件是50℃,pH值8.54,底物质量分数8.34%.在此条件下酶解16 h,花生肽收率为65.80%,在花生肽质量浓度为0.55 mg/mL时,对DPPH自由基清除率为25.77%,与优化前相比,复合酶比碱性蛋白酶单酶水解时收率和DPPH自由基清除率分别提高了7.48%和7.66%,比中性蛋白酶单酶水解时分别提高了10.29%和22.53%.     

碱性蛋白酶水解豆粕制备ACE抑制肽水解条件的优化

为了寻求高效的血管紧张素转换酶(ACE)抑制肽制备方法,在实验室条件下利用碱性蛋白酶水解豆粕生产ACE抑制肽,并采用单因素和多因素实验相结合的方法对酶解条件进行优化.结果发现,适当延长碱性蛋白酶的水解时间和提高p H,可大幅度提高ACE抑制肽的抑制活性.单因素和多因素实验综合结果显示,碱性蛋白酶水解豆粕产生ACE抑制肽的适宜水解条件为:p H为9.0,水解温度为50℃,水解时间为4 h,蛋白酶质量分数(酶质量/底物质量)为2.0%,底物质量浓度为40 g/L,在此条件下制备的ACE抑制肽的抑制率可达到97.97%.     

蚕蛹抗氧化肽的制备及其体外抗氧化活性评价

为更客观地评价蚕蛹抗氧化肽的抗氧化能力, 以人工胃肠模拟液对不同蛋白酶酶解物的抗氧化能力进行评价, 优选获得最佳的制备用酶——碱性蛋白酶. 在此基础上,以蚕蛹抗氧化肽总还原能力为指标, 利用响应曲面法(response surface method, RSM)优化碱性蛋白酶制备蚕蛹抗氧化肽的最佳酶解工艺. 结果表明: 碱性蛋白酶的最佳酶解条件为pH=8.30, 加酶量为15.34 μL(1 902 U), 温度为50.47 ℃, 时间为2.45 h; 在此条件下优化预测得到的2 mg 蚕蛹蛋白/mL 酶解液的总还原能力为0.434, 蚕蛹抗氧化肽对·OH 和DPPH· 自由基的半数清除率IC50 分别为4.51 与4.24 mg/mL.     

超声辅助酶解法制备兔肉抗氧化肽工艺

以搅碎的兔肉末为原料，以超声辅助酶解制备抗氧化肽，对其抗氧化活性进行评价，发现抗氧化活性较好.比较不同酶制备的抗氧化肽的DPPH自由基清除率，从胰蛋白酶、碱性蛋白酶、中性蛋白酶、菠萝蛋白酶和木瓜蛋白酶中筛选出最佳用酶，利用单因素实验和响应面法优化了兔肉酶解的工艺条件.结果表明，酶解效果最好的是胰蛋白酶，在超声时间22.5 min,超声温度37℃,超声功率330 W的条件下酶解得到的抗氧化肽DPPH自由基清除率最好，为81.17%,与响应面优化实验回归模型的预测值基本一致；在此基础上制备兔肉抗氧化肽，对酶解液的ABTS、羟基自由基和超氧阴离子清除率进行检测，值分别为44.03%、94.69%和34.32%,均大于未酶解液.该研究可以为制备兔肉抗氧化肽方面提供理论依据和数据支持.     

酶解牦牛乳清蛋白制备ACE抑制肽的工艺研究

目的:乳清蛋白是牦牛乳中的重要成分,其经酶解制备的乳源性ACE抑制肽以安全性高和无副作用等优点在高血压的防治中具有重要的研究和应用价值.本实验研究利用乳清蛋白制备ACE抑制肽的工艺技术.方法:本实验对从耗牛乳中提取的乳清蛋白,分别根据碱性蛋白酶、中性蛋白酶、木瓜蛋白酶、胰蛋白酶及胃蛋白酶各自的最适pH及温度,采用酶解法制备ACE抑制肽,以ACE抑制活性为指标初步筛选出最佳水解酶,并探究最佳酶水解乳清蛋白制备ACE抑制肽的最佳反应条件.结果:碱性蛋白酶为制备ACE抑制肽的最佳水解酶,英最佳反应条件为:pH8.5、温度60℃、E/S为5.5％、水解6h.制备的ACE抑制肽抑制率可达到85.2％.结论:碱性蛋白酶为最佳酶选,用碱性蛋白酶制备的ACE抑制肽体外抑制率较高,符合工业生产要求.这为进一步优化乳清蛋白降血压肽的制备工艺提供依据.     

固定化风味蛋白酶水解法生产高水解度大豆肽

采用固定化风味蛋白酶水解大豆蛋白生产大豆肽,以降低生产成本,同时提高水解度。通过单因素实验和响应面法对固定化风味蛋白酶法生产大豆肽的条件进行优化。结果表明,固定化风味蛋白酶法生产大豆肽的优化水解条件是65℃、pH值8.0、加酶量50g/L,酶解7h,水解度可达17.72%。固定化风味蛋白酶重复使用7次,相对酶活力仍高达79.1%。交联壳聚糖法制备的固定化风味蛋白酶具有良好的稳定性,可以重复多次使用,用于生产高水解度大豆肽是可行的,有利于降低生产成本。     

花生分离蛋白复合酶水解工艺优化研究

探讨了超声波辅助前处理对花生分离蛋白复合酶解的影响,比较了碱性蛋白酶、木瓜蛋白酶、胰蛋白酶、胃蛋白酶、中性蛋白酶、风味蛋白酶等六种蛋白酶解物清除DPPH自由基的效果,确定碱性蛋白酶和胰蛋白酶较佳的复合比例为8∶2.在此基础上,开展响应面优化试验,以DPPH自由基清除率和水解度为指标,探讨复合酶与风味蛋白酶酶解的较佳工艺参数,并分析DPPH清除率和水解度相关性.实验结果表明,复合蛋白酶制备花生分离蛋白抗氧化肽的较佳酶解工艺为pH 8.5,温度49.36℃,酶添加量(E/S,质量分数m/m)3.40%,酶解时间203.59 min.     

木瓜蛋白酶和碱性蛋白酶水解制备绿豆多肽

用木瓜蛋白酶和碱性蛋白酶顺序水解的方法制备绿豆多肽: 先对水解体系的pH值、 碱性蛋白酶与绿豆分离蛋白的质量比（E/S比）、 水解温度、 绿豆分离蛋白质量分数进行单因素实验; 再在单因素实验基础上, 采用4因素3水平正交实验设计优化碱性蛋白酶水解条件. 获得最佳水解条件为： 绿豆分离蛋白的质量分数为8%, 水解温度为55 ℃, E/S比为8%, pH=9.0. 在最佳顺序水解条件下, 绿豆分离蛋白的水解度达32.58%.     

pH渐变条件下双酶协同水解大豆蛋白

研究了在没有外加碱的pH渐变条件下．用枯草杆菌碱性蛋白酶(Alcalase 2．4L,酶活力2．4AU/g)和黑曲霉酸性蛋白酶(酶活力3000u／g)双酶协同水解从大豆蛋白制备寡肽(10个氨基酸以下的肽)水解物的可行性．考察了单酶单因素水解条件、双酶加入方式对大豆蛋白降解率和蛋白质水解度的影响,并在此基础上通过正交试验进一步优化出双酶一次性投料方案下水解大豆蛋白的最佳条件：水解温度为60℃．碱性蛋白酶加入量为每g蛋白15μL,酸性蛋白酶加入量为6％,底物浓度为40g／L,水解时间为18h．在上述最佳条件下,大豆蛋白的降解率可达76％,蛋白质的水解度可达26％,水解物中相对分子质量小于1350的寡肽达到了66％．结果表明,在不外加碱的条件下,采用双酶协同水解方法能够显著提高大豆蛋白降解率以及蛋白质水解度．     

酶解法制备鱿鱼蛋白抗氧化肽工艺优化

以酶解液的还原力为抗氧化性指标,测定木瓜蛋白酶、胰蛋白酶、风味蛋白酶、碱性蛋白酶、酸性蛋白酶、中性蛋白酶、胃蛋白酶7种蛋白酶的鱿鱼蛋白酶解液抗氧化性.实验结果表明7种蛋白酶在相同加入酶量(酶活力U/底物g)条件下,中性蛋白酶在酶解1 h、3 h、5 h所得的酶解液还原力均最高.以中性蛋白酶为实验用酶,进行三因素二次正交旋转组合实验优化出酶解法制备鱿鱼蛋白抗氧化肽的最佳酶解条件为酶加入量4 841 U/g、pH 5.3、酶解时间1.3 h.所得酶解液定性检测结果为具有抗氧化性的肽类混合物,有进一步开发应用价值.     

An Index mechanism for multi-scale view in spatial databases

There are numerous geometric objects stored in the spatial databases. An importance function in a spatial database is that users can browse the geometric objects as a map efficiently. Thus the spatial database should display the geometric objects users concern about swiftly onto the display window. This process includes two operations:retrieve data from database and then draw them onto screen. Accordingly, to improve the efficiency, we should try to reduce time of both retrieving object and displaying them. The former can be achieved with the aid of spatial index such as R-tree, the latter require to simplify the objects. Simplification means that objects are shown with sufficient but not with unnecessary detail which depend on the scale of browse. So the major problem is how to retrieve data at different detail level efficiently. This paper introduces the implementation of a multi-scale index in the spatial database SISP (Spatial Information Shared Platform) which is generalized from R-tree. The difference between the generalization and the R-tree lies on two facets: One is that every node and geometric object in the generalization is assigned with a importance value which denote the importance of them, and every vertex in the objects are assigned with a importance value,too. The importance value can be use to decide which data should be retrieve from disk in a query. The other difference is that geometric objects in the generalization are divided into one or more sub-blocks, and vertexes are total ordered by their importance value. With the help of the generalized R-tree, one can easily retrieve data at different detail levels.Some experiments are performed on real-life data to evaluate the performance of solutions that separately use normal spatial index and multi-scale spatial index. The results show that the solution using multi-scale index in SISP is satisfying.     

Characterization of Ordovician carbonate reservoirs, southeastern Saskatchewan, Canada

The discovery of the prolific Ordovician Red River reservoirs in 1995 in southeastern Saskatchewan was the catalyst for extensive exploration activity which resulted in the discovery of more than 15 new Red River pools. The best yields of Red River production to date have been from dolomite reservoirs. Understanding the processes of dolomitization is, therefore, crucial for the prediction of the connectivity, spatial distribution and heterogeneity of dolomite reservoirs.The Red River reservoirs in the Midale area consist of 3～4 thin dolomitized zones, with a total thickness of about 20 m, which occur at the top of the Yeoman Formation. Two types of replacement dolomite were recognized in the Red River reservoir: dolomitized burrow infills and dolomitized host matrix. The spatial distribution of dolomite suggests that burrowing organisms played an important role in facilitating the fluid flow in the backfilled sediments. This resulted in penecontemporaneous dolomitization of burrow infills by normal seawater. The dolomite in the host matrix is interpreted as having occurred at shallow burial by evaporitic seawater during precipitation of Lake Almar anhydrite that immediately overlies the Yeoman Formation. However, the low δ18O values of dolomited burrow infills (-5.9‰～ -7.8‰, PDB) and matrix dolomites (-6.6‰～ -8.1‰, avg. -7.4‰ PDB) compared to the estimated values for the late Ordovician marine dolomite could be attributed to modification and alteration of dolomite at higher temperatures during deeper burial, which could also be responsible for its 87Sr/86Sr ratios (0.7084～0.7088) that are higher than suggested for the late Ordovician seawaters (0.7078～0.7080). The trace amounts of saddle dolomite cement in the Red River carbonates are probably related to "cannibalization" of earlier replacement dolomite during the chemical compaction.     

A computer generator for randomly layered structures

AcomputergeneratorforrandomlylayeredstructuresYUJia shun1,2,HEZhen hua2(1.TheInstituteofGeologicalandNuclearSciences,NewZealand;2.StateKeyLaboratoryofOilandGasReservoirGeologyandExploitation,ChengduUniversityofTechnology,China)Abstract:Analgorithmisintrod…     

Perspherical Approaches for Electrons in Atoms and Charged Excitons in Quantum Wells

Instead of following Fock’s expansion,we solve the Schrodinger equation for some quantum mechanical manybody systems such as electrons in atoms and charged excitons in quantum wells in a similar way in hyperspherical coordinates by expanding the wave functions into orthonormal complete basis sets of the hyperspherical hannonics(HHs)of hyperangles and generalized Laguerre polynomials(GLPs)of the hyperradius.This leads the equation to     

Advances in broadband wireless communications under high-mobility scenarios

Future mobile communication systems aim at providing very high data transmission rates, even in high-mobility scenarios such as high-speed wheel-track trains, maglev trains, highway vehicles, airplanes, guided missiles or spacecraft. A particularly important commercial application is the strong and increasing worldwide demand for high- speed broadband wireless communications （up to 574.8 km/ h test speeds or 380 km/h commercial speeds） in railways, providing data, voice and video services for applications such as onboard entertainment services to passengers, train control, train dispatch, train sensor status handling and sur- veillance. In such high-mobility scenarios, there are a number of communication challenges, including fast hand- over, location updating, high-speed channel modeling, estimation and equalization, anti-Doppler spreading tech- niques, fast power control, and dedicated network architec- ture. Because signal transmission in very high-speed scenarios will inevitably experience serious deterioration, it is imperative to develop key broadband mobile communi- cation techniques for such high-speed vehicles.     

Wuhan University Journal of Natural Sciences TOTAL CONTENTS

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海南岛地体及其毗邻陆缘晚中生代—新生代古地磁研究和构造演化

本文叙述了对海南岛及其毗邻大陆边缘白垩纪到第四纪地层岩石进行古地磁研究的全部工作过程。通过分析岩石中剩余磁矢量的磁偏角及磁倾角的变化,提出海南岛白垩纪以来经历的构造演化模式如下:早期伴随顺时针旋转而向南迁移,后期伴随逆时针转动并向北运移。联系该地区及邻区的地质、地球物理资料,对海南岛上述的构造地体运动提出以下认识:北部湾内早期有一拉张作用,主要是该作用使湾内地壳显著伸长减薄,形成北部湾盆地。从而导致了海南岛的早期构造运动,而海南岛后期的构造运动则主要是受南海海底扩张的影响。海南地体运动规律的阐明对于了解北部湾油气盆地的形成演化有重要的理论和实际意义。     

Scale-based spatial data model for GIS

Being the primary media of geographical information and the elementary objects manipulated, almost all of maps adopt the layer-based model to represent geographic information in the existent GIS. However, it is difficult to extend the map represented in layer-based model. Furthermore, in Web-Based GIS, It is slow to transmit the spatial data for map viewing. In this paper, for solving the questions above, we have proposed a new method for representing the spatial data. That is scale-based model. In this model we represent maps in three levels: scale-view, block, and spatial object, and organize the maps in a set of map layers, named Scale-View, which associates some given scales.Lastly, a prototype Web-Based GIS using the proposed spatial data representation is described briefly.     

Exciton Seebeck in Molecular Systems

Various applications relevant to the exciton dynamics,such as the organic solar cell,the large-area organic light-emitting diodes and the thermoelectricity,are operating under temperature gradient.The potential abnormal behavior of the exicton dynamics driven by the temperature difference may affect the efficiency and performance of the corresponding devices.In the above situations,the exciton dynamics under temperature difference is mixed with     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

The elongation method,originally proposed by Imamura was further developed for many years in our group.As a method towards O(N)with high efficiency and high accuracy for any dimensional systems.This treatment designed for one-dimensional(ID)polymers is now available for three-dimensional(3D)systems,but geometry optimization is now possible only for 1D-systems.As an approach toward post-Hartree-Fock,it was also extended to