修饰性载体固定化漆酶

采用壳聚糖铜固定化和交联酶聚集体的方法固定化漆酶.探索了固定化前后漆酶的最适温度、pH,热稳定性和金属离子对其活性的影响,交联漆酶聚集体制备的条件.结果为:游离漆酶的最适温度是20℃,最适pH是4.6;壳聚糖铜固定化漆酶的最适温度是25℃,最适pH是4.0;交联漆酶聚集体的最适温度是15℃,最适pH是3.6.固定化后漆酶的热稳定性提高,不同金属离子影响固定化漆酶的活性,其中K+的激活作用尤为明显.制备交联漆酶聚集体最适戊二醛浓度为1%,最适交联时间是2 h.     

磁性交联核酸酶P1聚集体的制备及性质研究

采用磁性纳米颗粒与酶蛋白共沉淀后经戊二醛交联的方法,制备了磁性交联核酸酶P1聚集体,并且对比分析了游离酶和固定化酶的部分酶学性质.优化的最佳制备条件为:硫酸铵质量浓度为0.8 g/mL,沉淀时间为0.5 h,戊二醛体积分数为0.6%,交联时间为2 h,所制得的固定化酶活性回收率为32.4%.酶学性质研究表明,固定化酶的Km值(30.7 mmol/L)明显高于游离酶的(7.27 mmol/L),二者最适反应温度分别为90℃和75℃,最适pH值均为5.2,固定化核酸酶P1对热和酸碱的耐受性明显增强,连续反应6次后酶活力仍保留70%,良好的操作稳定性和磁响应性有利于核酸酶P1的工业化应用.     

乳化法制备交联海藻糖合酶聚集体的研究

交联酶聚集体(CLEAs)是一种高活性的无载体固定化酶,常用的基于溶液法(Sheldon CLEAs呈无定形的集簇体,影响其连续使用效率.以海藻糖合酶为模型酶,首次在油包水乳化体系CLEAs,利用扫描电镜和光学显微镜分析了所得CLEA的微观结构,考察了CLEAs的活性和重复使果表明,乳化法制备的CLEAs外观呈较规则的微球形,粒径约20~60μm,其活性和重复使用性能均Sheldon法制备的CLEAs.     

黑木耳凝胶交联法固定碱性蛋白酶的工艺研究

为提高对黑木耳的利用开发,研究新型的固定化载体,以黑木耳凝胶作为载体对碱性蛋白酶进行固定化.选择交联法作为固定化方法,分别以戊二醛质量分数,交联时间,pH值及酶液添加体积为因素对固定碱性蛋白酶工艺进行分析.采用响应面法(RSM)分析得出固定化的最佳条件:戊二醛质量分数为12.865%,交联时间为2.531 4 h,pH值为9.367以及酶液添加体积为4.137 mL.通过试验验证得到酶活保存率为50.89%,为预测值的99.47%,能够建立较好的固定化模型.     

壳聚糖固定化云芝漆酶的制备及特性

以壳聚糖为载体,戊二醛为交联剂制备固定化漆酶,测定了不同戊二醛浓度、交联时间、给酶量以及固定化时间对固定化漆酶活性的影响。结果表明,固定化反应的最佳条件为戊二醛浓度5%,交联时间8h,给酶量20mg/g载体,固定化时间6h,在此条件下制备的固定化漆酶酶活性保持率为52.2%。此固定化漆酶具有最大活性时的溶液pH值在4.5,相比于自由漆酶的最佳pH值5.0,其向酸性偏移;与自由漆酶相比,固定化酶有很好的稳定性和可重复使用性。     

蔗糖异构酶PalI包埋和交联固定化方法比较

采用海藻酸钠包埋法和戊二醛交联法两种固定化方法,对来源于Klebsiella sp. LX3的蔗糖异构酶PalI的稳定性和可重复利用性进行研究。结果发现,海藻酸钠包埋法在海藻酸钠、CaCl2 质量分数为1.5%、2%时,所得固定化酶的酶活最高,其最适反应温度为40℃,最适pH值为6;戊二醛交联法在(NH₄)₂SO₄质量分数为90%,戊二醛体积分数为2.5%时得到的固定酶酶活最高,交联酶的最适反应温度为50℃,最适pH值为5。通过对酶的稳定性比较,两种方法酶稳定性都优于游离酶。4℃保存20d后游离酶的酶活降低到30%,而戊二醛交联酶活性在95%以上,海藻酸钠固定化酶残余酶活仍在60%左右。戊二醛交联法固定酶活性优于海藻酸钠固定化酶,重复利用12次戊二醛交联酶,其残余酶活仍为80%。     

水滑石固定化木瓜蛋白酶制备的研究

文中研究了阴离子型层状材料—水滑石(LDHs)作为载体,经过戊二醛活化处理后采用共价结合的方法固定化木瓜蛋白酶。讨论了层板电荷密度对固定化酶活的影响,并优化固定化时间、温度、pH值、给酶量和戊二醛质量分数等固定化条件,实验结果显示：木瓜蛋白酶的最佳固定化条件是给酶量为每0.5 g载体固定16 mL 10 g/L的溶液酶,固定化温度15 ℃,pH7.0,固定化时间12～24 h,与2 mL质量分数为0.5%的戊二醛交联,所得固定化木瓜蛋白酶酶活回收率平均可达55%左右。     

响应曲面法优化β-葡萄糖苷酶固定化的研究

以黑曲霉β-葡萄糖苷酶作为研究对像,采用交联-包埋的试验方法,以酶活力回收率作为评价的指标,选取海藻酸钠、壳聚糖、海藻酸钠-壳聚糖为载体,对β-葡萄糖苷酶固定化效果进行比较,结果显示海藻酸钠-壳聚糖固定化效果最好.再进行固定化条件单因素响应曲面试验,得到的最优条件为,海藻酸钠-壳聚糖的混合载体中海藻酸钠溶液的质量分数为1.91%、壳聚糖-醋酸溶液的质量分数为1.94%,温度为40.20℃,交联时间为0.98 h.此时酶活力为112 400 IU/m L,酶活力回收率为66.18%.经过三次回收试验,酶活力回收率分别为65.61%、64.48%、64.16%.     

大孔树脂吸附固定化脂肪酶机理研究

目的 探讨大孔树脂吸附固定化脂肪酶机理.方法 选取4种不同树脂(XAD1180,XAD7HP,A568,XAD18),通过氮气低温吸附法对栽酶树脂的孔径分布情况进行分析,对吸附-交联法制备固定化脂肪酶的工艺条件进行考察.结果 XAD1180为最适的固定化载体,其最佳固定化条件为:给酶量1 400～1 600μg/mL,戊二醛浓度为0.05%(体积分数),缓冲液pH7.5,吸附温度30℃,吸附时间10 h.结论 XAD1180树脂为南极假丝酵母脂肪酶理想的吸附固定化栽体.吸附同时用戊二醛交联,可以起一定加固脂肪酶的作用.     

羧甲基纤维素-壳聚糖胶囊固定化蔗糖酶

利用复凝聚法制备了粒径约3.0 mm的羧甲基纤维素-壳聚糖胶囊,并用其固定化蔗糖酶.羧甲基纤维素-壳聚糖胶囊固定化蔗糖酶的最佳制备工艺条件是:蔗糖酶溶于质量分数为0.02的壳聚糖溶液,滴入质量分数为0.015羧甲基纤维素溶液中并在其中固化24h.固定化酶耐酸性好,在pH 3.6～5.0范围内其活性基本保持不变,而游离酶...     

An Index mechanism for multi-scale view in spatial databases

There are numerous geometric objects stored in the spatial databases. An importance function in a spatial database is that users can browse the geometric objects as a map efficiently. Thus the spatial database should display the geometric objects users concern about swiftly onto the display window. This process includes two operations:retrieve data from database and then draw them onto screen. Accordingly, to improve the efficiency, we should try to reduce time of both retrieving object and displaying them. The former can be achieved with the aid of spatial index such as R-tree, the latter require to simplify the objects. Simplification means that objects are shown with sufficient but not with unnecessary detail which depend on the scale of browse. So the major problem is how to retrieve data at different detail level efficiently. This paper introduces the implementation of a multi-scale index in the spatial database SISP (Spatial Information Shared Platform) which is generalized from R-tree. The difference between the generalization and the R-tree lies on two facets: One is that every node and geometric object in the generalization is assigned with a importance value which denote the importance of them, and every vertex in the objects are assigned with a importance value,too. The importance value can be use to decide which data should be retrieve from disk in a query. The other difference is that geometric objects in the generalization are divided into one or more sub-blocks, and vertexes are total ordered by their importance value. With the help of the generalized R-tree, one can easily retrieve data at different detail levels.Some experiments are performed on real-life data to evaluate the performance of solutions that separately use normal spatial index and multi-scale spatial index. The results show that the solution using multi-scale index in SISP is satisfying.     

Characterization of Ordovician carbonate reservoirs, southeastern Saskatchewan, Canada

The discovery of the prolific Ordovician Red River reservoirs in 1995 in southeastern Saskatchewan was the catalyst for extensive exploration activity which resulted in the discovery of more than 15 new Red River pools. The best yields of Red River production to date have been from dolomite reservoirs. Understanding the processes of dolomitization is, therefore, crucial for the prediction of the connectivity, spatial distribution and heterogeneity of dolomite reservoirs.The Red River reservoirs in the Midale area consist of 3～4 thin dolomitized zones, with a total thickness of about 20 m, which occur at the top of the Yeoman Formation. Two types of replacement dolomite were recognized in the Red River reservoir: dolomitized burrow infills and dolomitized host matrix. The spatial distribution of dolomite suggests that burrowing organisms played an important role in facilitating the fluid flow in the backfilled sediments. This resulted in penecontemporaneous dolomitization of burrow infills by normal seawater. The dolomite in the host matrix is interpreted as having occurred at shallow burial by evaporitic seawater during precipitation of Lake Almar anhydrite that immediately overlies the Yeoman Formation. However, the low δ18O values of dolomited burrow infills (-5.9‰～ -7.8‰, PDB) and matrix dolomites (-6.6‰～ -8.1‰, avg. -7.4‰ PDB) compared to the estimated values for the late Ordovician marine dolomite could be attributed to modification and alteration of dolomite at higher temperatures during deeper burial, which could also be responsible for its 87Sr/86Sr ratios (0.7084～0.7088) that are higher than suggested for the late Ordovician seawaters (0.7078～0.7080). The trace amounts of saddle dolomite cement in the Red River carbonates are probably related to "cannibalization" of earlier replacement dolomite during the chemical compaction.     

A computer generator for randomly layered structures

AcomputergeneratorforrandomlylayeredstructuresYUJia shun1,2,HEZhen hua2(1.TheInstituteofGeologicalandNuclearSciences,NewZealand;2.StateKeyLaboratoryofOilandGasReservoirGeologyandExploitation,ChengduUniversityofTechnology,China)Abstract:Analgorithmisintrod…     

Perspherical Approaches for Electrons in Atoms and Charged Excitons in Quantum Wells

Instead of following Fock’s expansion,we solve the Schrodinger equation for some quantum mechanical manybody systems such as electrons in atoms and charged excitons in quantum wells in a similar way in hyperspherical coordinates by expanding the wave functions into orthonormal complete basis sets of the hyperspherical hannonics(HHs)of hyperangles and generalized Laguerre polynomials(GLPs)of the hyperradius.This leads the equation to     

Advances in broadband wireless communications under high-mobility scenarios

Future mobile communication systems aim at providing very high data transmission rates, even in high-mobility scenarios such as high-speed wheel-track trains, maglev trains, highway vehicles, airplanes, guided missiles or spacecraft. A particularly important commercial application is the strong and increasing worldwide demand for high- speed broadband wireless communications （up to 574.8 km/ h test speeds or 380 km/h commercial speeds） in railways, providing data, voice and video services for applications such as onboard entertainment services to passengers, train control, train dispatch, train sensor status handling and sur- veillance. In such high-mobility scenarios, there are a number of communication challenges, including fast hand- over, location updating, high-speed channel modeling, estimation and equalization, anti-Doppler spreading tech- niques, fast power control, and dedicated network architec- ture. Because signal transmission in very high-speed scenarios will inevitably experience serious deterioration, it is imperative to develop key broadband mobile communi- cation techniques for such high-speed vehicles.     

Wuhan University Journal of Natural Sciences TOTAL CONTENTS

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海南岛地体及其毗邻陆缘晚中生代—新生代古地磁研究和构造演化

本文叙述了对海南岛及其毗邻大陆边缘白垩纪到第四纪地层岩石进行古地磁研究的全部工作过程。通过分析岩石中剩余磁矢量的磁偏角及磁倾角的变化,提出海南岛白垩纪以来经历的构造演化模式如下:早期伴随顺时针旋转而向南迁移,后期伴随逆时针转动并向北运移。联系该地区及邻区的地质、地球物理资料,对海南岛上述的构造地体运动提出以下认识:北部湾内早期有一拉张作用,主要是该作用使湾内地壳显著伸长减薄,形成北部湾盆地。从而导致了海南岛的早期构造运动,而海南岛后期的构造运动则主要是受南海海底扩张的影响。海南地体运动规律的阐明对于了解北部湾油气盆地的形成演化有重要的理论和实际意义。     

Scale-based spatial data model for GIS

Being the primary media of geographical information and the elementary objects manipulated, almost all of maps adopt the layer-based model to represent geographic information in the existent GIS. However, it is difficult to extend the map represented in layer-based model. Furthermore, in Web-Based GIS, It is slow to transmit the spatial data for map viewing. In this paper, for solving the questions above, we have proposed a new method for representing the spatial data. That is scale-based model. In this model we represent maps in three levels: scale-view, block, and spatial object, and organize the maps in a set of map layers, named Scale-View, which associates some given scales.Lastly, a prototype Web-Based GIS using the proposed spatial data representation is described briefly.     

Exciton Seebeck in Molecular Systems

Various applications relevant to the exciton dynamics,such as the organic solar cell,the large-area organic light-emitting diodes and the thermoelectricity,are operating under temperature gradient.The potential abnormal behavior of the exicton dynamics driven by the temperature difference may affect the efficiency and performance of the corresponding devices.In the above situations,the exciton dynamics under temperature difference is mixed with     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

The elongation method,originally proposed by Imamura was further developed for many years in our group.As a method towards O(N)with high efficiency and high accuracy for any dimensional systems.This treatment designed for one-dimensional(ID)polymers is now available for three-dimensional(3D)systems,but geometry optimization is now possible only for 1D-systems.As an approach toward post-Hartree-Fock,it was also extended to