硅藻土对水相中Pb~(2+)的吸附

研究了吉林长白硅藻土吸附水相中Pb2+的吸附过程,讨论了各试验因素对吸附效果的影响·实验结果表明:吉林长白硅藻土对Pb2+有较好的吸附效果·该吸附过程进行得很快,在5min左右就达到吸附平衡·与酸性条件下的吸附效果相比,pH=6 5时的吸附效果最佳·温度对吸附效果影响不大·吸附过程中吸附剂用量少,对100mL铅离子质量浓度为50mg/L的溶液,0 4g的硅藻土就可以使Pb2+去除率达到98%·经过硅藻土二次吸附后,铅离子去除率接近100%·     

硅藻土对锌离子的吸附特性

研究了吉林长白硅藻土吸附水相中锌离子的吸附过程,讨论了各试验因素对吸附效果的影响·实验结果表明:吉林长白硅藻土对Zn2+有较好的吸附效果·该吸附过程进行得很快,10min左右即可达到吸附平衡·与酸性条件下的吸附效果相比,pH在中性条件下的吸附效果更佳·温度对吸附效果影响较大·对锌离子质量浓度为9 8mg/L的溶液,硅藻土用量为10g/L时Zn2+的去除率达到99 71%·经过硅藻土二次吸附后,锌离子去除率接近100%·经扫描电子显微镜的测定,硅藻土的表面圆筛形微孔是Zn2+的主要吸附位·     

改性红辉沸石对重金属离子铅的吸附性能研究

本文研究了产于广西资源县车田乡的红辉沸石对重金属离子铅的吸附性能,考察了铅离子溶液的pH值、温度、吸附时间、吸附剂用量等因素对吸附率的影响。实验研究初步得出红辉沸石对铅离子的最佳吸附条件为:25℃,pH=5.0~6.0即弱酸条件,吸附时间为2.5h,当铅离子浓度为100 mg/L,沸石投加量为1.0g,其吸附率为92%~93.5%;用H2SO4改性沸石后对铅离子的吸附率和吸附容量影响有较大提高,平均吸附容量达2.271mg/g,经过再生实验结果仍然具有较高的吸附率。     

硅藻土对诺卡氏菌的吸附作用

研究了吉林长白硅藻土吸附水相中诺卡氏菌的吸附过程,讨论了吸附时间、硅藻土用量、溶液初始pH值和吸附温度等实验条件对吸附效果的影响·实验结果表明,硅藻土对水相中的诺卡氏菌具有较好的吸附效果·该吸附过程进行得较快,在20min左右即可达到吸附平衡;在溶液初始pH值为7 0～9 0内都有较好的吸附效果;温度对吸附过程的影响不大,室温条件下操作即可;在诺卡氏菌浓度一定的条件下,适量增加硅藻土用量可以提高吸附效果·扫描电镜分析结果表明,硅藻土表面的微孔和诺卡氏菌表面的菌丝可能是吸附过程的主要吸附位·     

碳纳米管负载离子液体对铜离子吸附研究

采用浸渍法将手性离子液体1-乙基-3-甲基咪唑L-酒石酸盐(EMIML-Tar)负载到羧基化多壁碳纳米管(CNTs)上,对水溶液中Cu~(2+)进行吸附,考察了离子液体加入量、EMIML-Tar/CNTs吸附剂用量、Cu~(2+)初始浓度、pH、吸附温度、吸附时间对吸附性能的影响。结果表明,负载离子液体后能显著提高多壁碳纳米管对Cu~(2+)的吸附能力,当Cu~(2+)初始浓度为20 mg/L,吸附剂用量为25 mg,溶液pH为6.0,吸附温度为298 K,吸附时间为30 min时,EMIML-Tar/CNTs吸附剂对Cu~(2+)去除率达96%,吸附量为19.19 mg/g。应用2种动力学模型对吸附过程进行拟合,结果表明吸附过程可以很好地用准一级动力学方程描述。     

生物膜的驯化及其对废水中铅离子的吸附

为提高生物膜对重金属离子的吸附性能,在不同温度、pH和不同浓度的不同驯化剂(铁离子、锰离子、羧甲基壳聚糖)存在条件下分别驯化生物膜,并对比生物膜对水体中铅离子的耐受性和吸附性.实验表明:驯化剂羧甲基壳聚糖好于锰离子,锰离子好于铁离子;当t=22℃、pH=6.5时,0.2g/L羧甲基壳聚糖驯化的生物膜对铅离子的吸附量达到最大,去除率高达98.3%;Langmuir和Freudlich吸附等温线均能很好地描述生物膜对铅吸附的热力学过程,Elovich方程和双常数速率方程能较好地拟合吸附的动力学过程.     

高岭土对废水中镍离子的吸附行为的研究

研究高岭土对废水中的镍离子的吸附性行为,探索镍离子溶液的初始浓度、pH值、高岭土的用量、吸附时间及吸附温度等因素对镍离子吸附性能的影响。结果表明:镍离子浓度增加,高岭土对其吸附率减小,而随着高岭土用量的增加,则吸附率不断提高。高岭土对镍离子的等温吸附服从Freundlich方程式。高岭土对镍离子的吸附率随温度的升高、时间的增加而增大。室温下,0.3 g高岭土对25 mL 120 mg.L-1镍离子在pH为11.98时静止吸附40 min,吸附率可以达到99.48%,高岭土能有效除去溶液中的镍离子。     

纳米MnO_2负载硅藻土对苯酚废水的吸附性能研究

文章以乙酸锰和柠檬酸为原料,采用溶胶-凝胶法分别制备了纳米MnO_2和纳米MnO_2负载的硅藻土。采用X-ray衍射(X-射线diffraction,XRD)、扫描电子显微镜(scanning electron microscope,SEM)、N2吸附-脱附等对所制备的纳米MnO_2和纳米MnO_2负载硅藻土进行表征。以所制备的纳米MnO_2负载硅藻土为吸附剂,以初始质量浓度为100mg/L的模拟废水中苯酚去除率为主要考察指标,确定了较适宜的吸附工艺条件如下:吸附温度为25℃、吸附时间为100min、体系pH值为2、吸附剂用量为0.6g/L。该条件下的重复实验显示废水中苯酚的平均去除率达85.63%;吸附热力学结果表明,纳米MnO_2负载硅藻土对苯酚废水的吸附等温线符合Langmuir方程,其饱和吸附量为207.039 3mg/g。     

活性炭纤维吸附苯酚影响因素的研究

用活性炭纤维(ACF)对溶液中苯酚进行吸附处理,考察了ACF用量、苯酚的初始浓度、pH、含盐量和温度对吸附效果的影响.实验结果表明,随着ACF用量的增加,苯酚的去除率升高,但吸附容量也逐渐降低,实验选用ACF用量为0.2 g;苯酚溶液初始浓度越高,ACF的吸附容量越大;pH为3时,ACF吸附苯酚的效果最好;随着苯酚溶液中含盐的量增加,苯酚的去除率呈现逐渐下降的趋势;温度越高,ACF的吸附容量越小.     

海藻酸钙纤维状干凝胶吸附铅离子的研究

对比研究了冷冻干燥海藻酸钙纤维状和球状干凝胶对铅离子的吸附作用,考察了溶液初始pH和温度对海藻酸钙纤维状干凝胶吸附铅离子的影响。结果表明,海藻酸钙纤维状干凝胶在相同铅离子浓度下的吸附性能优于球状干凝胶,其吸附速率也明显大于海藻酸钙球状干凝胶。利用Langmuir等温吸附式计算出海藻酸钙纤维状干凝胶在60°C下和pH为5.0时的铅离子最大吸附量为417mg/g。     

Characterization of Ordovician carbonate reservoirs, southeastern Saskatchewan, Canada

The discovery of the prolific Ordovician Red River reservoirs in 1995 in southeastern Saskatchewan was the catalyst for extensive exploration activity which resulted in the discovery of more than 15 new Red River pools. The best yields of Red River production to date have been from dolomite reservoirs. Understanding the processes of dolomitization is, therefore, crucial for the prediction of the connectivity, spatial distribution and heterogeneity of dolomite reservoirs.The Red River reservoirs in the Midale area consist of 3～4 thin dolomitized zones, with a total thickness of about 20 m, which occur at the top of the Yeoman Formation. Two types of replacement dolomite were recognized in the Red River reservoir: dolomitized burrow infills and dolomitized host matrix. The spatial distribution of dolomite suggests that burrowing organisms played an important role in facilitating the fluid flow in the backfilled sediments. This resulted in penecontemporaneous dolomitization of burrow infills by normal seawater. The dolomite in the host matrix is interpreted as having occurred at shallow burial by evaporitic seawater during precipitation of Lake Almar anhydrite that immediately overlies the Yeoman Formation. However, the low δ18O values of dolomited burrow infills (-5.9‰～ -7.8‰, PDB) and matrix dolomites (-6.6‰～ -8.1‰, avg. -7.4‰ PDB) compared to the estimated values for the late Ordovician marine dolomite could be attributed to modification and alteration of dolomite at higher temperatures during deeper burial, which could also be responsible for its 87Sr/86Sr ratios (0.7084～0.7088) that are higher than suggested for the late Ordovician seawaters (0.7078～0.7080). The trace amounts of saddle dolomite cement in the Red River carbonates are probably related to "cannibalization" of earlier replacement dolomite during the chemical compaction.     

A computer generator for randomly layered structures

AcomputergeneratorforrandomlylayeredstructuresYUJia shun1,2,HEZhen hua2(1.TheInstituteofGeologicalandNuclearSciences,NewZealand;2.StateKeyLaboratoryofOilandGasReservoirGeologyandExploitation,ChengduUniversityofTechnology,China)Abstract:Analgorithmisintrod…     

海南岛地体及其毗邻陆缘晚中生代—新生代古地磁研究和构造演化

本文叙述了对海南岛及其毗邻大陆边缘白垩纪到第四纪地层岩石进行古地磁研究的全部工作过程。通过分析岩石中剩余磁矢量的磁偏角及磁倾角的变化,提出海南岛白垩纪以来经历的构造演化模式如下:早期伴随顺时针旋转而向南迁移,后期伴随逆时针转动并向北运移。联系该地区及邻区的地质、地球物理资料,对海南岛上述的构造地体运动提出以下认识:北部湾内早期有一拉张作用,主要是该作用使湾内地壳显著伸长减薄,形成北部湾盆地。从而导致了海南岛的早期构造运动,而海南岛后期的构造运动则主要是受南海海底扩张的影响。海南地体运动规律的阐明对于了解北部湾油气盆地的形成演化有重要的理论和实际意义。     

Exciton Seebeck in Molecular Systems

Various applications relevant to the exciton dynamics,such as the organic solar cell,the large-area organic light-emitting diodes and the thermoelectricity,are operating under temperature gradient.The potential abnormal behavior of the exicton dynamics driven by the temperature difference may affect the efficiency and performance of the corresponding devices.In the above situations,the exciton dynamics under temperature difference is mixed with     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

The elongation method,originally proposed by Imamura was further developed for many years in our group.As a method towards O(N)with high efficiency and high accuracy for any dimensional systems.This treatment designed for one-dimensional(ID)polymers is now available for three-dimensional(3D)systems,but geometry optimization is now possible only for 1D-systems.As an approach toward post-Hartree-Fock,it was also extended to     

《Chinese Science Bulletin》SUBJECT INDEX TO VOLUME 59(2014)

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An on-line scaling method for improving scalability of a database cluster

The explosive growth of the Internet and database applications has driven database to be more scalable and available, and able to support on-line scaling without interrupting service. To support more client's queries without downtime and degrading the response time, more nodes have to be scaled up while the database is running. This paper presents the overview of scalable and available database that satisfies the above characteristics. And we propose a novel on-line scaling method. Our method improves the existing on-line scaling method for fast response time and higher throughputs. Our proposed method reduces unnecessary network use, i.e. , we decrease the number of data copy by reusing the backup data. Also, our on-line scaling operation can be processed parallel by selecting adequate nodes as new node. Our performance study shows that our method results in significant reduction in data copy time.     

An improved R-tree based on childnode''s probability

R-Tree is a good structure for spatial searching. But in this indexing structure,either the sequence of nodes in the same level or sequence of traveling these nodes when queries are made is random. Since the possibility that the object appears in different MBR which have the same parents node is different, if we make the subnode who has the most possibility be traveled first, the time cost will be decreased in most of the cases. In some case, the possibility of a point belong to a rectangle will shows direct proportion with the size of the rectangle. But this conclusion is based on an assumption that the objects are symmetrically distributing in the area and this assumption is not always coming into existence. Now we found a more direct parameter to scale the possibility and made a little change on the structure of R-tree, to increase the possibility of founding the satisfying answer in the front sub trees. We names this structure probability based arranged R-tree (PBAR-tree).     

Integrating GIS Web services based on mediating architecture

The geographic information service is enabled by the advancements in general Web service technology and the focused efforts of the OGC in defining XML-based Web GIS service. Based on these models, this paper addresses the issue of services chaining,the process of combining or pipelining results from several interoperable GIS Web Services to create a customized solution. This paper presents a mediated chaining architecture in which a specific service takes responsibility for performing the process that describes a service chain. We designed the Spatial Information Process Language (SIPL) for dynamic modeling and describing the service chain, also a prototype of the Spatial Information Process Execution Engine (SIPEE) is implemented for executing processes written in SIPL. Discussion of measures to improve the functionality and performance of such system will be included.     

Tracking data management using topology of moving object database system for moving object constrained trajectory in LBS application

Advances in wireless technologies and positioning technologies and spread of wireless devices, an interest in LBS (Location Based Service) is arising. To provide location based service, tracking data should have been stored in moving object database management system (called MODBMS) with proper policies and managed efficiently. So the methods which acquire the location information at regular time intervals then, store and manage have been studied. In this paper, we suggest tracking data management techniques using topology that is corresponding to the moving path of moving object. In our techniques, we update the MODBMS when moving object arrived at a street intersection or a curved road which is represented as the node in topology and predict the location at past and future with attribute of topology and linear function. In this technique, location data that are corresponding to the node in topology are stored, thus reduce the number of update and amount of data. Also in case predicting the location,because topology are used as well as existing location information, accuracy for prediction is increased than applying linear function or spline function.