鹊肾树树叶化学成分研究

利用硅胶柱层析、硅胶薄层层析和Sephadex LH-20柱层析等方法,对鹊肾树Streblus aspo树叶75%乙醇提取物的化学成分进行研究,分离得到6个化合物,并通过UV、IR、NMR、MS等现代谱学方法鉴定化合物的结构.6个化合物经鉴定为:川芎哚(Ⅰ)、3-羧基川芎哚(Ⅱ)、1-乙酰基-β-咔啉(Ⅲ)、齐墩果酸(Ⅳ)、α-乳香酸(V)和β-乳香酸(Ⅵ).其中化合物Ⅰ、Ⅱ、Ⅲ、Ⅴ和Ⅵ为首次从该植物中分离得到.     

植物算盘子三萜化学成分研究

目的：为了寻找算盘子（Clochidion puberum）的活性成分,对其化学成分进行研究。方法：采用硅胶柱层析和葡聚糖凝胶柱层析分离纯化技术,通过理化性质和波谱特征分离并鉴定化合物。结果：从乙醇提取物的石油醚萃取部位分离得到了2个化合物：3β,19α,23α-三羟基-12-烯-28-齐墩果酸（Ⅰ）,2β,3β,23α-三羟基-12-烯-28-齐墩果酸（Ⅱ）。结论：以上化合物是从该植物地上部分中分离得到三萜化合物。     

水线草的化学成分

采用硅胶柱色谱、凝胶柱色谱、重结晶等方法对水线草的化学成分进行了分离和纯化,并根据其理化性质和波谱数据鉴定了化合物的结构,结果显示,从水线草中可分离得到7个化合物,分别鉴定为：5,6,7,4’-四甲氧基黄酮（I）,7-羟基-5,6,4’-三甲氧基黄酮（Ⅱ）,3’,4’,5,6,7-五甲氧基黄酮（Ⅲ）,5,7,4’-三羟基-6-甲氧基黄酮（IV）,5,4’-二羟基-6,7-二甲氧基黄酮（V）,α-香树精（Ⅵ）,β-谷甾醇（Ⅶ）,这些化合物是首次从该种植物中分离得到的．     

藏药草木樨的化学成分研究

目的:研究青海省的藏药草木樨的化学成分.方法:对草木樨85%乙醇提取物的醋酸乙酯部分进行色谱分离,根据光谱数据和理化性质确定各化合物的结构.结果:从草木樨中分离得到5个化合物,分别为:β-谷甾醇(β-sitos-terol)(Ⅰ)、豆甾醇(stigmasterol)(Ⅱ)、槲皮素(quercetin)(Ⅲ)、2α-羟基熊果酸(2α-hydroxyursolic acid)(Ⅳ)、齐墩果酸(oeanlic acid)(Ⅴ).结论:化合物Ⅱ、Ⅲ、Ⅳ和Ⅴ为首次从该植物中发现.     

西南鬼灯檠的化学成分研究

目的：对西南鬼灯檠化学成分进行初步研究。方法：采用溶剂法提取西南鬼灯檠的化学成分,常规硅胶柱层析、凝胶过滤层析和薄层色谱分离纯化,根据化合物的物理、化学性质和波谱解析鉴定了4个化合物。结果：4个化合物分别被鉴定为儿茶素（catechin,Ⅰ）、儿茶素-3—O-没食子酸酯（epicatechin-3—O-gallate,Ⅱ）、岩白菜素（bergenin,Ⅲ）和齐墩果酸（oleanoli cacid,Ⅳ）。结论：这4个化合物均是首次从西南鬼灯檠中分离得到。     

油桐叶和根化学成分的研究

为了研究油桐(Vernicia FOrdii) 的叶、根的化学成分,运用柱层析及高效液相色谱法的分离方法,并利用物理、化学及波谱方法,首次从油桐的叶、根中分离鉴定了6个化合物,它们是β谷甾醇(Ⅰ)、槲皮素-3-O-α-L-毗喃鼠李糖苷(Ⅱ)、杨梅素-3-O-α-L-吡喃鼠李糖苷(Ⅲ)、羽扇豆醇(Ⅳ)、白桦酸(Ⅴ)和齐墩果酸(Ⅵ).     

蒙椴树叶化学成分的研究

研究了蒙椴(Tilia mongolica Maxim.)树叶的化学成分.运用溶剂萃取、硅胶柱色谱、HPLC和重结晶技术对蒙椴树叶提取成分进行分离和纯化.从树叶提取物分离得到5个化合物,根据化合物的红外光谱和核磁共振谱数据鉴定其结构.其结构鉴定分别为:β-香树脂醇乙酸酯(Ⅰ)、28α-同-β-香树脂醇乙酸酯(Ⅱ)、β-香树脂醇(Ⅲ)、β-谷甾醇(Ⅳ)和棕榈酸(Ⅴ).化合物Ⅱ和Ⅴ为首次从本属植物中分离的化合物,其中化合物Ⅱ是一个新化合物.     

奶子藤茎的化学成分研究

采用硅胶、Sephadex LH-20、MCI等柱色谱手段对奶子藤的化学成分进行分离纯化,从其90％的乙醇提取物中得到8个化合物．根据化合物的理化性质和波谱数据鉴定了化合物的结构,分别为：3,4-二羟基苯甲醛（1）,3,4-二羟基苯甲酸（2）,2,2-二甲基-7-羟基色满（3）,齐墩果酸（4）,熊果酸（5）,β-谷甾醇（6）,5,7,3’,4’-四羟基黄酮醇-3-O-β-D-葡萄糖苷（7）,5,7,3’,4’-四羟基黄酮醇-3-O-α-L-鼠李糖苷（8）,所有化合物均为首次从该种植物中分离得到,其中化合物3为首次从植物中分离得到。     

龙胆草中6-去甲氧基-7-甲基茵陈色原酮分离和波谱表征

为研究龙胆草地上部分的化学成分,利用硅胶柱色谱对其乙醇提取物进行了分离纯化,根据理化性质和波谱方法鉴定化合物的结构,分离得到6-去甲氧基-7-甲基茵陈色原酮(Ⅵ)和其他5种已知化合物:β-香树脂醇(Ⅰ)、β-谷甾醇(Ⅱ)、β-香树脂醇乙酸酯(Ⅲ)、乌苏醇(Ⅳ)、齐墩果酸(Ⅴ).其中化合物Ⅵ属首次从龙胆科植物中分离得到的具有2-苯氧基色原酮骨架的天然酚类成分,对其1D和2D NMR谱的特征及EI质谱主要碎片的可能裂解方式进行了讨论,并利用单晶X射线衍射方法对其晶体结构进行了分析.结果表明化合物Ⅵ属正交晶系,Pbca空间群,晶胞参数a=1.291 83(19)nm,b=0.721 19(15)nm,c=2.923 7(5)nm,α=90°,β=90°,γ=90°,V=2.723 9(8)nm3,Z=8,Dc=1.464 g/m3,μ=0.114 mm-1,F(000)=1 248.B环平面与A/C环平面的两面角为99.6°,分子间存在π-π堆积作用.     

湖州铁线莲化学成分研究

利用硅胶、ODS、Sephadex LH-20等色谱方法从湖州铁线莲Clematis huchouensis Tamura中分离得到9个化合物,根据理化性质和光谱数据,分别鉴定为正三十一烷醇（Ⅰ）、正二十五烷醇（Ⅱ）、正二十四烷酸（Ⅲ）、β-谷甾醇葡萄糖苷（Ⅳ）、β-豆甾醇葡萄糖苷（Ⅴ）、木犀草素（Ⅵ）、芹菜素（Ⅶ）、liriodendrin（Ⅷ）和芦丁（Ⅸ）.首次报道了湖州铁线莲植物中化学成分的研究,其中化合物Ⅰ和Ⅱ首次从铁线莲属植物中分离得到.     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Lower Paleozoic oil relationships within Williston Basin, Canada

The Williston Basin is a significant petroleum province, containing oil production zones that include the Middle Cambrian to Lower Ordovician, Upper Ordovician, Middle Devonian, Upper Devonian and Mississippian and within the Jurassic and Cretaceous. The oils of the Williston Basin exhibit a wide range of geochemical characteristics defined as "oil families", although the geochemical signature of the Cambrian Deadwood Formation and Lower Ordovician Winnipeg reservoired oils does not match any "oil family". Despite their close stratigraphic proximity, it is evident that the oils of the Lower Palaeozoic within the Williston Basin are distinct. This suggests the presence of a new "oil family" within the Williston Basin. Diagnostic geochemical signatures occur in the gasoline range chromatograms, within saturate fraction gas chromatograms and biomarker fingerprints. However, some of the established criteria and cross-plots that are currently used to segregate oils into distinct genetic families within the basin do not always meet with success, particularly when applied to the Lower Palaeozoic oils of the Deadwood and Winnipeg Formation.     

An Analysis of Catherine＇s Character——Wuthering Heights

Wuthering Heights, Emily Bronte＇s only novel, was published in December of 1847 under the pseudonym Ellis Bell. The book did not gain immediate success, but it is now thought one of the finest novels in the English language. Catherine is the key character of this masterpiece, because everybody and everything center on her though she had a short life. We can understand this masterpiece better if we know Catherine well.     

Characterization of Ordovician carbonate reservoirs, southeastern Saskatchewan, Canada

The discovery of the prolific Ordovician Red River reservoirs in 1995 in southeastern Saskatchewan was the catalyst for extensive exploration activity which resulted in the discovery of more than 15 new Red River pools. The best yields of Red River production to date have been from dolomite reservoirs. Understanding the processes of dolomitization is, therefore, crucial for the prediction of the connectivity, spatial distribution and heterogeneity of dolomite reservoirs.The Red River reservoirs in the Midale area consist of 3～4 thin dolomitized zones, with a total thickness of about 20 m, which occur at the top of the Yeoman Formation. Two types of replacement dolomite were recognized in the Red River reservoir: dolomitized burrow infills and dolomitized host matrix. The spatial distribution of dolomite suggests that burrowing organisms played an important role in facilitating the fluid flow in the backfilled sediments. This resulted in penecontemporaneous dolomitization of burrow infills by normal seawater. The dolomite in the host matrix is interpreted as having occurred at shallow burial by evaporitic seawater during precipitation of Lake Almar anhydrite that immediately overlies the Yeoman Formation. However, the low δ18O values of dolomited burrow infills (-5.9‰～ -7.8‰, PDB) and matrix dolomites (-6.6‰～ -8.1‰, avg. -7.4‰ PDB) compared to the estimated values for the late Ordovician marine dolomite could be attributed to modification and alteration of dolomite at higher temperatures during deeper burial, which could also be responsible for its 87Sr/86Sr ratios (0.7084～0.7088) that are higher than suggested for the late Ordovician seawaters (0.7078～0.7080). The trace amounts of saddle dolomite cement in the Red River carbonates are probably related to "cannibalization" of earlier replacement dolomite during the chemical compaction.     

Design and analysis of generic LBS application developing platform

Location based services is promising due to its novel working style and contents.A software platform is proposed to provide application programs of typical location based services and support new applications developing efficiently. The analysis shows that this scheme is easy implemented, low cost and adapt to all kinds of mobile nework system.     

橡胶颗粒沥青混合料低温抗裂性试验研究

以AC-13级配为基础,将橡胶颗粒代替部分集料掺入混合料中,以低温弯曲试验为评价方法对不同橡胶颗粒掺量下沥青混合料的低温抗裂性进行研究,并引入应变能密度值对混合料的低温抗裂性进行综合评价.试验结果表明:橡胶颗粒沥青混合料试件的破坏微应变均超过2 300,满足冬寒区的技术指标;无论是否掺加橡胶颗粒,随着温度的下降,沥青混合料破坏时的最大弯拉强度增大,弯拉应变降低,劲度模量增大;弯曲应变能密度在胶粒掺量为1%左右时具有较大的弯曲应变能密度值,此时橡胶颗粒沥青混合料具有较好的低温抗裂性.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

Quantitative trait loci （QTLs） for quality traits related to protein and starch in wheat

Quality traits in wheat （Triticum aestirum L.） were studied by quantitative trait locus （QTL） analysis in a recombinant inbred line （RIL） population, a set of 131 lines derived from Chuan 35050 × Shannong 483 cross （ChSh）. Grains from RILs were assayed for 21 quality traits related to protein and starch. A total of 35 putative QTLs for 19 traits with a single QTL explaining 7.99-40.52% of phenotypic variations were detected on 10 chromosomes, 1D, 2A, 2D, 3B, 3D, 5A, 6A, 6B, 6D, and 7B. The additive effects of 30 QTLs were positive, contributed by Chuan 35050, the remaining 5 QTLs were negative with the additive effect contributed by Shannong 483. For protein traits, 15 QTLs were obtained and most of them were located on chromosomes 1 D, 3B and 6D, while 20 QTLs for starch traits were detected and most of them were located on chromosomes 3D, 6B and 7B. Only 7 QTLs for protein and starch traits were co-located in three regions on chromosomes 1D, 2A and 2D. These protein and starch trait QTLs showed a distinct distribution pattern in certain regions and chromosomes. Twenty-two QTLs were clustered in 6 regions of 5 chromosomes. Two QTL clusters for protein traits were located on chromosomes 1D and 3B, respectively, three clusters for starch traits on chromosomes 3D, 6B and 7B, and one cluster including protein and starch traits on chromosome 1D.     

The Analects and the Moment in Peking——The influence of a Confucian education system on the personality formation,the way of thinking and the fate of the main characters

0.Preface China has long been boasting of its colorful and immense culture which comprises of Taoism,Confucianism and Buddhism.The interwoven influence among the religions on Chinese way of thinking,on the nation＇s behavior in their social life throughout the long history is beyond list.