胚胎停育绒毛中HLA-G mRNA和蛋白水平的表达及差异

研究HLA-G mRNA及蛋白在早孕绒毛和胚胎停育绒毛中的表达及意义,在50例正常早期妊娠妇女和50例胚胎停育妇女绒毛中,半定量RT-PCR法检测HLA-G mRNA的水平。S-P免疫组织化学染色法检测HLA-G蛋白的水平。两组标本中HLA-G mRNA水平差异不具有统计学意义(P>0.05);胚胎停育绒毛标本中HLA-G蛋白水平降低,与正常早孕绒毛标本相比较,差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05)。说明HLA-G分子可能参与了胚胎停育的发生发展。     

米非司酮对人中期妊娠胎盘超微结构的影响

目的：研究米非司酮对人中期妊娠胎盘超微结构的影响。方法：运用电子显微镜对８例１７－１９孕水囊引产的孕妇引产前６ｈ空腹服用米非司酮１５０ｍｇ，胎盘出后进行超微结构的研究，并与同期１７－１９孕周水囊引产胎盘标本８例对照。结果：与对照组相比，米非司酮组功能活跃的合体滋养细胞表现没程度的退行性变，细胞滋养细胞变化不明显，绒毛间质毛细管部分内皮细胞变性，结论：米非司酮对中期妊娠胎盘组织具有损伤作用，提示米非     

胎盘缺氧诱导因子表达及绒毛血管变化与胎儿窘迫的关系

目的:通过比较出现胎儿窘迫的孕妇胎盘与正常孕妇胎盘的缺氧诱导因子表达及胎盘的绒毛血管变化情况,探讨胎儿窘迫中胎盘变化及其对胎儿的影响.方法:选取产科门诊定期产检并在产科住院分娩的单胎足月孕妇,临床诊断为胎儿窘迫的孕妇所分娩后的胎盘组织60例作为实验组,再按临床情况分为胎心异常组、羊水污染组、窒息组.选取正常单胎足月妊娠孕妇55例作为对照组.对比两组胎盘中HIF-1α表达水平,胎盘绒毛血管情况及新生儿预后.结果:HIF-1α在实验组与对照组两者的光密度对照有统计学差别,新生儿窒息组的光密度值较高;显微镜下实验组中绒毛血管数目及绒毛体积密度皆较对照组明显增加,实验组中各分组的值较对照组均升高.结论:胎儿窘迫孕妇的胎盘组织HIF-1α因子表达、胎盘绒毛微血管体积密度及绒毛体积密度皆高于未出现胎儿窘迫的孕妇.在排除妊娠合并症及并发症等病理情况下,产时胎儿窘迫的发生与胎盘自身HIF-1α因子表达及胎盘绒毛血管改变有关.     

强啡肽(DYN)对人胎盘绒毛组织促性腺素分泌的影响

用胎盘绒毛组织体外孵育法(无血清培液)研究了强啡肽对妊娠6～10周人胎盘绒毛组织分泌促性腺素的影响.结果表明,当DYN浓度为10~(-9)mol/L,与对照组相比,有明显的刺激作用(P<0.05);浓度为10~(-10)mol/L,刺激作用最强(p<0.001).DYN可能在胎盘绒毛组织分泌hCG中起重要作用.     

外源性人细胞因子对离体培养的晚孕绒毛组织产生βhCG 的影响

利用体外培养的晚期胎盘绒毛组织,加入重组人白细胞介素-1(IL-1)、白细胞介素-6(IL-6)、肿瘤坏死因子(TNFα),放射免疫法测定培养绒毛组织上清液中βhCG质量浓度,免疫组化法检测培养绒毛组织中的βhCG表达.观察外源性细胞因子IL-1、IL-6、TNFα对离体培养的晚孕期绒毛组织产生βhCG的影响,探讨细胞因子与βhCG水平改变的关系.结果表明在离体培养的晚期妊娠绒毛中加入重组细胞因子后,滋养细胞产生βhCG的量增加,尤其在加入较高浓度的rhIL-6、rhTNFα时βhCG的产生量增加更明显.免疫组化染色结果显示: rhIL-1、rhIL-6、rhTNFα处理组滋养细胞βhCG表达的阳性程度均高于对照组.说明在炎性细胞因子的作用下,晚期妊娠滋养细胞产生的βhCG增加.     

MCP-1在子痫前期患者胎盘组织及血清中的表达及意义

通过比较单核细胞趋化蛋白-1（MCP-1）在正常孕妇和子痫前期患者胎盘及血清中的表达,探讨MCP-1在子痫前期发病机制中的作用。选取30例正常晚孕妇女、30例轻度子痫前期患者和30例重度子痫前期患者进行研究。采用免疫组织化学S P法检测MCP-1在胎盘组织中的表达;采用酶联免疫吸附法（ELISA）检测血清MCP-1水平。结果：子痫前期患者胎盘组织和血清中MCP-1的表达均高于正常妊娠组,差异有统计学意义（P〈0.01）,且随着病情加重而递增;子痫前期患者胎盘组织MCP-1表达与血清MCP-1水平呈显著正相关（r=0.725,P〈0.01）。结果表明,MCP-1在子痫前期患者胎盘与血清中的表达均升高,提示MCP-1在子痫前期的发生、发展中可能起着重要的作用。     

过期妊娠胎盘绒毛的初步体视学研究

用英国Ｃａｍｂｒｉｄｇｅｑｕａｎｔｉｍｅｔ５２０（＋）［Ｑ５２０（＋）］图像分析仪分别对４０、４１、４２周各８例胎盘绒毛进行初步体视学研究，测定其结构参数并计算其密度参数，形状参数及分布参数，所得各组结果虽然不同，但其组间差异并无显著性（Ｐ＞０．０５），提示过期妊娠与足月妊娠相比．胎盘绒毛本身形态定量变化只是程度不同，无明显界线。在观察了３组胎盘绒毛内部结构的病理变化基础上，发现过期妊娠并发症与绒毛本身定量的形态改变并无直接关系，而可能与绒毛内部结构的形态变化有关。     

可溶性人类白细胞抗原-G在重度子痫前期患者胎盘组织培养液中的表达

为了检测妊娠晚期重度子痫前期患者和正常妊娠妇女胎盘组织培养液中可溶性人类白细胞抗-G(soluble human leukocyte antigen-G,sHLA-G)的表达水平,探讨sHLA-G在子痫前期发病中的作用,选择了2008年10月至2009年4月第四军医大学唐都医院重度子痫前期患者20例(重度子痫前期组),正常足月妊娠者20例(正常足月妊娠组),用酶联免疫吸附法(ELISA)检测胎盘组织培养液中sHLA-G的表达水平.经检测重度子痫前期组胎盘组织培养液中sHLA-G的表达水平(26.78 ± 5.17 U/ml)明显低于正常妊娠组(53.64 ± 28.85U/ml)(P <0.05).实验表明,sHLA-G在重度子痫前期患者胎盘组织培养液中表达水平均明显降低,可能与子痫前期发病有关.     

食管鳞癌患者血清可溶性HLA-G分子表达水平及其临床意义

研究可溶性人类白细胞抗原G分子(sHLA-G)在食管鳞癌患者血清中的水平及其临床意义.应用酶联免疫吸附测定(ELISA)法检测60例食管鳞癌患者及28例对照者血清中sHLA-G(sHLA-G1 和 HLA-G5)水平,免疫组化S-P法检测对应的食管鳞瘤患者癌组织及对照组正常食管组织中HLA-G的表达,应用逆转录聚合酶链式反应(RT-PCR)法检测组织中HLA-GmRNA及HLA-G5mRNA的表达情况.结果食管鳞癌患者血清sHLA-G平均水平(15.04 u/mL)较对照(6.81 u/mL)升高(P=0.006);血清sHLA-G水平与肿瘤患者临床病理特征无相关性;HLA-G在60例癌组织表达率为70%且与肿瘤的分化程度(P=0.033)及淋巴结转移相关(P=0.035),正常食管组织无HLA-G表达;HLA-GmRNA和HLA-G5mRNA在20例HLA-G表达阳性的食管鳞癌组织中的均有表达,正常食管组织无HLA-GmRNA和HLA-G5mRNA表达.说明食管鳞癌组织可异常表达HLA-G分子,联合检测血清sHLA-G水平及HLA-G分子可作为临床食管癌的诊断和判断预后的指标.     

中国人HLA-G1的cDNA克隆、序列分析、表达和蛋白质空间结构预测

从中国人外周血单个核细胞、胎盘组织和肝癌组织等样品中克隆了包含完整HLA-G1读框的cDNA;与国外同行获得的该基因及其蛋白质序列比较分析表明,该基因虽然有着细微的种族特异性,但高度保守;并获得了它的截断型重组蛋白,根据蛋白一级结构和同源比较方法,模建了它及其与特异性受体KIR2DL4形成复合体的空间结构模拟,预测了它们之间相互作用的特征.     

Localization and possible role of membrane type metallo-proteinase and tissue inhibitors of metalloproteinase-1 in early stages of placentation

Human placental tissues from the first and second trimesters of gestation have been investigated using riboprobein situ hybridisation of mRNA sequences coding for membrane type metalloproteinase (MT-1-MMP) and tissue inhibitors of metalloproteinase-1 (TIMP-1). Results show that (i) both mRNAs express at a relatively high level in the chorion laeve trophoblast cells and the adjacent decidual cells of fetal membrane; (ii) the most abundant expression of the two mRNAs was found in the extravillous trophoblast between Rohrs and Nitabuch striae of basal plate, trophoblast shell and gland cells of the decidua; (iii) isolated or small groups of cytotrophoblast cells in the chorionic villi and in the cells lining arterioles in decidua and stem villi also expressed both MT-1-MMP and TIMP-1 at defferent extents. The data suggest that the coordinated expression of the MT-MMP and its inhibitor TIMP in defferent cells of the placental tissue may play an essential role in trophoblast invasion and angiogenesis related to placentation in the first two trimesters of gestation. They may also have an ability to effect separation of fetal from material tissue at a favorable junctional site during parturition.     

survivin(存活素)在早孕绒毛及妊娠滋养细胞疾病中的表达

目的:研究早孕绒毛及妊娠滋养细胞疾病中survivin(存活素)的组织定位和表达,探讨survivin与妊娠滋养细胞疾病的关系。方法:采用免疫组化SP法检测14例正常早孕绒毛、14例葡萄胎、12例侵蚀性葡萄胎及12例绒癌滋养细胞中survivin的表达。结果:survivin在滋养细胞细胞核及细胞浆的表达强度PU值依下列顺序增加:正常早孕组、葡萄胎组、侵蚀性葡萄胎组及绒癌组,各组间的表达强度差异有统计学意义(P <0 0 5 )。结论:适度survivin是正确完成胚胎细胞有丝分裂和细胞增殖的必要条件,因survivin的过表达引起的细胞凋亡阻滞在妊娠滋养细胞疾病的发生发展过程中可能起重要作用     

HLA-G inhibits xenogenetic cytotoxicity mediated by human NK cells and T lymphocytes against PECs

The worldwide shortage in the supply of human do-nor organs is becoming more and more pronounced. Xenotransplantation may probably give the hope to over-come the problem ultimately. Because it has a great pros-pect of clinical application, xenotransplantation has drawn great attention[1]. The pig appears to be an ideal source for human transplantation. But the xenograft has to face the challenge of three severe rejections (the hyperacute rejec-tion, the delayed xenograft rejection and acute ce…     

HLA－G inhibits xenogenetic cytotoxicity mediated by human NK cells and T lymphocytes against PECs

In order to investigate whether the non-classical HLA-G class I molecule protects the prcine endothelial cells(PECs)from the lysis mediated by human immune cells in pig to human discordant xenotransplantation,we have cloned HLA-G cDNA from a human placents by RT-PCR.Mammalian expression vector,pEFG-neo,was constructed by insertion of HLA-G cDNA in pEF-neo.We obtained efficiently expressed PECs by stable transfection.Cytotoxicity assay showed that overexpression of HLA-G on PECs was sufficient to inhibit human NK-92 cell lysis.The level of lysis was equal to or less than that of the lysis of human umbilical vein endothelial cells mediated by human NK-92 cells.It also indicated that HLA-G inhibited the lysis of PECs mediated by xeno-antigen specific T lymphocytes.The reduction of lysis ranged between 59.1% and 88.9A%.These findings suggest that the transgenic approach to overexpress HLA-G is believed to be a new immunotherapy in overconing the immune rejections in xenotransplantion,including delayed xenograft rejection and cell-mediated rejection.     

Genetic mapping and diagnosis of haemophilia A achieved through a BclI polymorphism in the factor VIII gene

Haemophilia A is the most common inherited bleeding disorder in man, affecting approximately 1 male in 10,000. The disease is caused by a deficiency in the gene for factor VIII, a component of the intrinsic coagulation pathway. Due to the broad range of clotting activity in normal and heterozygous females, it is often difficult to confirm the status of women at risk for carrying the disease. A genetic marker in the form of a restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP) within or tightly linked to the factor VIII gene would serve as a tag for the haemophilia gene, thus allowing both accurate carrier detection and improved, earlier prenatal diagnosis by chorionic villi sampling. The recent isolation of the factor VIII gene has allowed a search for RFLPs within the gene, and we report here the identification of a common polymorphism within the factor VIII gene, revealed by the restriction enzyme BclI, which can be used diagnostically in about 42% of all families. Although the disease haemophilia A has been mapped to the distal portion of Xq, the BclI RFLP makes possible higher-resolution genetic linkage mapping with respect to other polymorphic markers on this portion of the X chromosome. We have established close linkage of the factor VIII gene to several useful RFLP markers, including the highly informative marker St14. These markers should also be useful for prenatal diagnosis of haemophilia A and for detection of its carriers.     

新基因SNC 66和SNC 73在大肠粘膜和大肠癌中表达的比较

目的 :研究新基因SNC 6 6和SNC 73的表达状况 ,并探讨其与大肠癌发生的相关性。方法 :采用体外转录的方法合成地高辛标记的探针 ,并用它进行cRNA/mRNA原位分子杂交 ,检测37例大肠癌标本及其相应正常大肠粘膜中SNC 6 6和SNC 73两基因表达mRNA的状况 ,并加以比较。结果 :SNC 6 6和SNC 73基因只在上皮细胞和淋巴细胞中表达 ,在大肠癌组织中都存在明显的表达缺陷 ,尤其以SNC 73的表达缺陷更明显。SNC 6 6在粘膜绒毛上多呈梯度性表达 ,以隐窝处最深 ,到绒毛顶端逐渐变淡 ;SNC 73则多呈均一性表达。结论 :SNC 6 6和SNC 73是表达行为、代谢途径均有所不同的两个免疫球蛋白样大肠癌负相关基因 ,可以作为候选大肠癌抑癌基因加以进一步研究     

Localization and the possible role of plasminogen activators and inhibitors in early stages of placentation

The distribution of mRNAs of tissue type (t) and urokinase type (u) plasminogen activator (PA) plus their corresponding inhibitors, type-1 (PAI-1) and type-2 (PAI-2) have been studied in the tissues of human first and second trimester placentae by in situ hybridization. The results show that: (ⅰ) All the molecules, tPA, uPA, PAI-1 and PAI-2, were identified in the blood vessels, the majority of extravillous trophoblastic cells of the decidual layer between Rohr’s and Nitabuch’s stria and in the trophoblast cells lining the chorionic plate, basal plate, intercotyledonary septae and cytotrophoblast cells of the chorionic villous tree. (ⅱ) No expression of such probes was observed in the basal and chorionic plate, glandular cells of the decidua, the septal tissues or the villous core mesenchyme. The co-distribution of the molecules observed suggests that the co-ordinated expression of the activators and inhibitors in various cells of the placental tissue may play a role in angiogenesis related to conversion of spiral arteries into utero-placental arteries and establishment of a chorio-decidual blood flow during early stages of placentation.     

Immunoinhibitory effect of soluble HLA-G1 on the cytotoxicity of NK92 cells

HLA-G (human leukocyte antigen-G) is a non-classical HLA class I molecule, playing an important immuno-modulatory role in maintaining maternal immune tolerance of the semiallogenic fetus and organ transplantation. In this study, the cDNA sequence of extracellular domain of HLA-G1 was subcloned into the pET28a vector and a soluble 35 kD fusion protein (His-sHLA-G1) with six histine residues was obtained. In the 4 h 51Cr-release assay the fusion protein obviously inhibited the cytotoxicity of NK92 cells in a dose-dependent manner. These results indicated that sHLA-G1, as an activated immunoinhibitor, may provide an effective approach to overcoming the immune rejection of transplantation.