四氯化锡催化合成环己酮1,2-丙二醇缩酮

以四氯化锡为催化剂,对以环己酮(Ⅱ)和1,2-丙二醇(Ⅲ)为原料合成环己酮1,2-丙二醇缩酮(Ⅰ)进行了研究.较系统地研究了酮醇摩尔比、催化剂用量、反应时间诸因素对收率的影响.最佳反应条件为:环己酮为0.2 m o l,n(环己酮)∶n(1,2-丙二醇)=1∶1.6,催化剂用量为反应物总质量的2.5%,带水剂环己烷15 mL,反应时间60m in.上述条件下,环己酮1,2-丙二醇缩酮的收率可达86.6%.     

硫酸铜催化合成丁酮1,2-丙二醇缩酮

以硫酸铜为催化剂,通过丁酮与1,2-丙二醇反应合成了丁酮1,2-丙二醇缩酮。较系统地研究了酮醇量比、催化剂用量、带水剂用量及反应时间等条件对收率的影响。结果表明:在n(丁酮)∶n(1,2-丙二醇)=1∶1.5,催化剂用量为反应物料总质量的5.4%,环己烷作带水剂20mL,反应时间3.0h的优化条件下,丁酮1,2-丙二醇缩酮的收率可达60.8%.     

二氧化硅负载硅钨酸催化合成环己酮1,2-丙二醇缩酮

采用溶胶-凝胶法制备了二氧化硅负载硅钨酸催化剂.以其为催化剂,对以环己酮和1,2-丙二醇为原料合成环己酮1,2-丙二醇缩酮的反应条件进行了研究,较系统地研究了酮醇物质的量比、催化剂用量、带水剂环己烷,反应时间对收率的影响.实验表明,二氧化硅负载硅钨酸催化剂是合成环己酮1,2-丙二醇缩酮的良好催化剂,在n(环己酮):n(...     

微波辐射下磺酸催化无溶剂合成环己酮1,2-丙二醇缩酮

在微波辐射下,对甲苯磺酸作催化剂,不用溶剂合成环己酮1,2-丙二醇缩酮,考察酮醇物质的量比、催化剂用量、微波功率和辐射时间对产品收率的影响.结果表明,合成该缩酮的最佳工艺条件为:n(环己酮)∶n(1,2-丙二醇)=1∶1.6,催化剂用量为反应物总质量的0.5%,辐射功率为350 W,辐射时间为3 min.在此条件下,缩酮收率可达78.0%.     

MCM-48分子筛负载磷钨钼杂多酸催化合成丁酮1，2-丙二醇缩酮

以MCM-48分子筛负载磷钨钼杂多酸为多相催化剂,通过丁酮和1,2-丙二醇反应合成丁酮1,2-丙二醇缩酮.采用正交试验法探讨了MCM-48分子筛负载磷钨钼杂多酸对缩酮反应的催化活性,较系统地研究了原料用量、催化剂用量、带水剂用量、反应时间等因素对收率的影响.结果表明:MCM-48分子筛负载磷钨钼杂多酸是合成丁酮1,2-丙二醇缩酮的良好催化剂,在n(丁酮)∶n(1,2-丙二醇)=1∶1.4,催化剂用量为反应物料总质量的0.2%,环己烷为带水剂,反应时间1.0h的条件下,丁酮1,2-丙二醇缩酮的收率可达81.0%.     

H3PW12O40/ZrO2催化合成环己酮乙二醇缩酮

合成了一种复合催化剂H3PW12O40/ZrO2,以环己酮和1,2-丙二醇为原料合成环己酮1,2-丙二醇缩酮为探针反应,对合成该催化剂的焙烧温度、焙烧时间及负载量进行了探究。将优化条件下制得的H3PW12O40/ZrO2为催化剂,以环己酮和乙二醇为原料合成环己酮乙二醇缩酮。探讨H3PW12O40/ZrO2对缩酮反应的催化活性,较系统地研究了酮醇物质的量比、催化剂用量、反应时间等因素对产物收率的影响。实验表明:H3PW12O40/ZrO2是合成环己酮乙二醇缩酮的良好催化剂,固定环己酮用量为0.15 mol,在n(环己酮):n(乙二醇)=1:1.6,催化剂用量为0.25 g,带水剂环己烷为12 mL,反应时间90 min的适宜条件下,环己酮乙二醇缩酮的收率可达72.2%。     

环己酮3-氯-1,2-丙二醇缩酮的催化合成

目的合成环己酮3-氯-1,2-丙二醇缩酮。方法采用浸渍法制备了H6P2W18O62/TiO2-SiO2催化剂,并采用FT-IR、XRD、SEM对其进行了表征。以环己酮和3-氯-1,2-丙二醇为原料,催化合成环己酮3-氯-1,2-丙二醇缩酮,采用FT-IR、1 H NMR、13 C NMR等表征手段来分析合成产物为环己酮3-氯-1,2-丙二醇缩酮。结果在酮醇摩尔比为1∶1.4,带水剂环己烷用量8mL,催化剂用量为反应物总质量的2.0%,反应时间1.0h的条件下,缩酮收率可达85.0%。催化剂重复使用5次后收率有72.6%。结论 H6P2W18O62/TiO2-SiO2催化剂对合成环己酮3-氯-1,2-丙二醇缩酮不仅反应时间短,催化剂用量少,而且产品收率高。     

稀土固体超强酸SO42-/TiO2-Ce(IV)催化合成环己酮乙二醇缩酮

制备了固体超强酸催化剂SO42-/TiO2-Ce(IV),并利用该催化剂催化合成了环己酮乙二醇缩酮,探讨SO42-/TiO2-Ce(IV)对缩酮反应的催化活性,较系统地研究了酮醇物质的量比、催化剂用量、反应时间诸因素对产品收率的影响.实验表明:SO42-/TiO2-Ce(IV)是合成环己酮乙二醇缩酮的良好催化剂,在n(酮)∶n(醇)=1∶1 5,催化剂用量为反应物料总质量的0.5%,环己烷为带水剂,反应时间1.0h的优化条件下,环己酮乙二醇缩酮的收率可达85.7%.     

活性炭负载磷钨杂多酸催化合成缩醛(酮)

以活性炭负载磷钨杂多酸为催化剂,对以乙酰乙酸乙酯、环己酮、丁酮、苯甲醛和正丁醛与二元醇（乙二醇,1,2-丙二醇）为原料合成10种缩醛（酮）的反应条件进行了研究,较系统地研究了醛/酮与二元醇摩尔比、催化剂用量、反应时间诸因素对收率的影响。结果表明,在n(醛或酮)∶n(乙二醇或1,2-丙二醇)=1∶1.5,催化剂的用量占反应物料总质量的1.0%,反应时间为1h条件下,10种缩醛（酮）的收率在60.0%～95.4%之间。     

硅钨钼酸掺杂聚苯胺催化合成丁酮1,2-丙二醇缩酮

自制了硅钨钼酸(H₄SiW₆Mo₆O₄₀)掺杂聚苯胺(PAn)催化剂H₄SiW₆Mo₆O₄₀/PAn。通过丁酮和1,2-丙二醇为原料合成丁酮1,2-丙二醇缩酮,探讨了硅钨钼酸掺杂聚苯胺催化剂对缩酮反应的催化活性,较系统地研究了原料量比,催化剂用量,反应时间诸因素对产品收率的影响。实验表明：硅钨钼酸掺杂聚苯胺是合成丁酮1,2-丙二醇缩酮的良好催化剂,在n(丁酮):n(1,2-丙二醇)=1:1.7,催化剂用量为反应物料总质量的0.6%,环己烷为带水剂,反应时间40min的优化条件下,丁酮1,2-丙二醇缩酮的收率可达83.1%。     

An Index mechanism for multi-scale view in spatial databases

There are numerous geometric objects stored in the spatial databases. An importance function in a spatial database is that users can browse the geometric objects as a map efficiently. Thus the spatial database should display the geometric objects users concern about swiftly onto the display window. This process includes two operations:retrieve data from database and then draw them onto screen. Accordingly, to improve the efficiency, we should try to reduce time of both retrieving object and displaying them. The former can be achieved with the aid of spatial index such as R-tree, the latter require to simplify the objects. Simplification means that objects are shown with sufficient but not with unnecessary detail which depend on the scale of browse. So the major problem is how to retrieve data at different detail level efficiently. This paper introduces the implementation of a multi-scale index in the spatial database SISP (Spatial Information Shared Platform) which is generalized from R-tree. The difference between the generalization and the R-tree lies on two facets: One is that every node and geometric object in the generalization is assigned with a importance value which denote the importance of them, and every vertex in the objects are assigned with a importance value,too. The importance value can be use to decide which data should be retrieve from disk in a query. The other difference is that geometric objects in the generalization are divided into one or more sub-blocks, and vertexes are total ordered by their importance value. With the help of the generalized R-tree, one can easily retrieve data at different detail levels.Some experiments are performed on real-life data to evaluate the performance of solutions that separately use normal spatial index and multi-scale spatial index. The results show that the solution using multi-scale index in SISP is satisfying.     

Characterization of Ordovician carbonate reservoirs, southeastern Saskatchewan, Canada

The discovery of the prolific Ordovician Red River reservoirs in 1995 in southeastern Saskatchewan was the catalyst for extensive exploration activity which resulted in the discovery of more than 15 new Red River pools. The best yields of Red River production to date have been from dolomite reservoirs. Understanding the processes of dolomitization is, therefore, crucial for the prediction of the connectivity, spatial distribution and heterogeneity of dolomite reservoirs.The Red River reservoirs in the Midale area consist of 3～4 thin dolomitized zones, with a total thickness of about 20 m, which occur at the top of the Yeoman Formation. Two types of replacement dolomite were recognized in the Red River reservoir: dolomitized burrow infills and dolomitized host matrix. The spatial distribution of dolomite suggests that burrowing organisms played an important role in facilitating the fluid flow in the backfilled sediments. This resulted in penecontemporaneous dolomitization of burrow infills by normal seawater. The dolomite in the host matrix is interpreted as having occurred at shallow burial by evaporitic seawater during precipitation of Lake Almar anhydrite that immediately overlies the Yeoman Formation. However, the low δ18O values of dolomited burrow infills (-5.9‰～ -7.8‰, PDB) and matrix dolomites (-6.6‰～ -8.1‰, avg. -7.4‰ PDB) compared to the estimated values for the late Ordovician marine dolomite could be attributed to modification and alteration of dolomite at higher temperatures during deeper burial, which could also be responsible for its 87Sr/86Sr ratios (0.7084～0.7088) that are higher than suggested for the late Ordovician seawaters (0.7078～0.7080). The trace amounts of saddle dolomite cement in the Red River carbonates are probably related to "cannibalization" of earlier replacement dolomite during the chemical compaction.     

A computer generator for randomly layered structures

AcomputergeneratorforrandomlylayeredstructuresYUJia shun1,2,HEZhen hua2(1.TheInstituteofGeologicalandNuclearSciences,NewZealand;2.StateKeyLaboratoryofOilandGasReservoirGeologyandExploitation,ChengduUniversityofTechnology,China)Abstract:Analgorithmisintrod…     

Perspherical Approaches for Electrons in Atoms and Charged Excitons in Quantum Wells

Instead of following Fock’s expansion,we solve the Schrodinger equation for some quantum mechanical manybody systems such as electrons in atoms and charged excitons in quantum wells in a similar way in hyperspherical coordinates by expanding the wave functions into orthonormal complete basis sets of the hyperspherical hannonics(HHs)of hyperangles and generalized Laguerre polynomials(GLPs)of the hyperradius.This leads the equation to     

Advances in broadband wireless communications under high-mobility scenarios

Future mobile communication systems aim at providing very high data transmission rates, even in high-mobility scenarios such as high-speed wheel-track trains, maglev trains, highway vehicles, airplanes, guided missiles or spacecraft. A particularly important commercial application is the strong and increasing worldwide demand for high- speed broadband wireless communications （up to 574.8 km/ h test speeds or 380 km/h commercial speeds） in railways, providing data, voice and video services for applications such as onboard entertainment services to passengers, train control, train dispatch, train sensor status handling and sur- veillance. In such high-mobility scenarios, there are a number of communication challenges, including fast hand- over, location updating, high-speed channel modeling, estimation and equalization, anti-Doppler spreading tech- niques, fast power control, and dedicated network architec- ture. Because signal transmission in very high-speed scenarios will inevitably experience serious deterioration, it is imperative to develop key broadband mobile communi- cation techniques for such high-speed vehicles.     

Wuhan University Journal of Natural Sciences TOTAL CONTENTS

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海南岛地体及其毗邻陆缘晚中生代—新生代古地磁研究和构造演化

本文叙述了对海南岛及其毗邻大陆边缘白垩纪到第四纪地层岩石进行古地磁研究的全部工作过程。通过分析岩石中剩余磁矢量的磁偏角及磁倾角的变化,提出海南岛白垩纪以来经历的构造演化模式如下:早期伴随顺时针旋转而向南迁移,后期伴随逆时针转动并向北运移。联系该地区及邻区的地质、地球物理资料,对海南岛上述的构造地体运动提出以下认识:北部湾内早期有一拉张作用,主要是该作用使湾内地壳显著伸长减薄,形成北部湾盆地。从而导致了海南岛的早期构造运动,而海南岛后期的构造运动则主要是受南海海底扩张的影响。海南地体运动规律的阐明对于了解北部湾油气盆地的形成演化有重要的理论和实际意义。     

Scale-based spatial data model for GIS

Being the primary media of geographical information and the elementary objects manipulated, almost all of maps adopt the layer-based model to represent geographic information in the existent GIS. However, it is difficult to extend the map represented in layer-based model. Furthermore, in Web-Based GIS, It is slow to transmit the spatial data for map viewing. In this paper, for solving the questions above, we have proposed a new method for representing the spatial data. That is scale-based model. In this model we represent maps in three levels: scale-view, block, and spatial object, and organize the maps in a set of map layers, named Scale-View, which associates some given scales.Lastly, a prototype Web-Based GIS using the proposed spatial data representation is described briefly.     

Exciton Seebeck in Molecular Systems

Various applications relevant to the exciton dynamics,such as the organic solar cell,the large-area organic light-emitting diodes and the thermoelectricity,are operating under temperature gradient.The potential abnormal behavior of the exicton dynamics driven by the temperature difference may affect the efficiency and performance of the corresponding devices.In the above situations,the exciton dynamics under temperature difference is mixed with     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

The elongation method,originally proposed by Imamura was further developed for many years in our group.As a method towards O(N)with high efficiency and high accuracy for any dimensional systems.This treatment designed for one-dimensional(ID)polymers is now available for three-dimensional(3D)systems,but geometry optimization is now possible only for 1D-systems.As an approach toward post-Hartree-Fock,it was also extended to