国产六种小型蝰科毒蛇蛇毒免疫原性比较

以国产小型蝰科毒蛇短尾蝮（Gloydius brevicaudus）、岩栖蝮（Gloydius saxatilis）、乌苏里蝮（Gloydius ussuriensis）、山烙铁头（Ovophis monticola）、原矛头蝮（Protobothrops mucrosquamatus）和竹叶青（Trimeresurus stejnegeri）蛇毒为对象，用国产商用抗蝮蛇毒血清和抗五步蛇毒血清分别检测这6种蛇毒的免疫原性。间接ELISA和western blot两种方法的检测结果表明：6种蛇毒有共同的抗原组分，且在免疫反应中大部分组分表现出免疫原性；同种蛇毒和抗血清之间显示出最高的免疫结合强度；近缘物种间的免疫结合强度更接近；随着抗体浓度的升高，免疫结合强度增加。抗蝮蛇毒血清对短尾蝮、乌苏里蝮和岩栖蝮蛇毒的免疫中和效价高于抗五步蛇毒血清；两种抗蛇毒血清中和山烙铁头、原矛头蝮和竹叶青蛇毒的效价相近。     

鸡传染性法氏囊病卵黄抗体制备--免疫、效价检测和沉降分离

采用 3种不同的方案对蛋鸡进行强化免疫 ,获得抗鸡传染性法氏囊病的高免卵黄抗体原液 .用缓冲液沉降分离提取水溶性抗体成份IgY ,再采用琼脂扩散试验 (AGP)检测卵黄原液、上清液和沉渣的效价 .试验测得卵黄效价最高达 12 8,经缓冲液一次沉降约 5h后得到的上清液效价接近于卵黄效价 ,沉渣效价≤ 4.该工艺比其它高免卵黄抗体提取工艺简单得多 ,具有投资少、操作简便、便于工业规模生产等特点     

抗尖吻蝮蛇毒卵黄抗体口服给药保护剂的研究

【目的】比较硫糖铝和5种糖类对抗尖吻蝮蛇(Deinagkistrodon acutus)毒卵黄抗体(IgY)的保护作用,为开发抗尖吻蝮蛇毒IgY口服制剂提供依据。【方法】通过免疫白来航鸡(Gallus domesticus),从所产鸡蛋中制备抗尖吻蝮蛇毒IgY。在不同pH值(2.0,3.0)条件下,于IgY中加入相同剂量的保护剂,用ELISA法测定IgY活性;在pH值为2.0且加入条件下,加入等于或高于胃内正常质量浓度的胃蛋白酶,后加入不同剂量的硫糖铝,再用ELISA法测定IgY抗体活性;用不同剂量的保护剂与IgY混合后灌胃小鼠(Mus musculus),在不同时间点(1.5,2.5,3.5h)取血,采用ELISA和Western法测定血清中的IgY活性。【结果】在pH值为2.0和3.0条件下,硫糖铝对IgY抗体活性的保护效果均为最佳;在pH值为2.0且加入不小于胃内正常的胃蛋白酶质量浓度的条件下,体积分数在30%以上的硫糖铝均可提高IgY活性;IgY灌胃后的小鼠血清中,体积分数为50%的硫糖铝可有效保护IgY活性。【结论】加入硫糖铝作保护剂后能有效提高IgY对胃酸和胃蛋白酶的抵御作用。     

抗尖吻蝮蛇毒卵黄抗体口服给药保护剂的研究

【目的】比较硫糖铝和5种糖类对抗尖吻蝮蛇(Deinagkistrodon acutus)毒卵黄抗体(IgY)的保护作用,为开发抗尖吻蝮蛇毒IgY口服制剂提供依据。【方法】通过免疫白来航鸡(Gallus domesticus),从所产鸡蛋中制备抗尖吻蝮蛇毒IgY。在不同pH 值(2.0,3.0)条件下,于IgY中加入相同剂量的保护剂,用ELISA 法测定IgY 活性;在pH 值为2.0且加入条件下,加入等于或高于胃内正常质量浓度的胃蛋白酶,后加入不同剂量的硫糖铝,再用ELISA法测定IgY 抗体活性;用不同剂量的保护剂与IgY混合后灌胃小鼠(Mus musculus),在不同时间点(1.5,2.5,3.5h)取血,采用ELISA和Western法测定血清中的IgY活性。【结果】在pH 值为2.0和3.0条件下,硫糖铝对IgY抗体活性的保护效果均为最佳;在pH 值为2.0且加入不小于胃内正常的胃蛋白酶质量浓度的条件下,体积分数在30%以上的硫糖铝均可提高IgY 活性;IgY 灌胃后的小鼠血清中,体积分数为50%的硫糖铝可有效保护IgY 活性。【结论】加入硫糖铝作保护剂后能有效提高IgY 对胃酸和胃蛋白酶的抵御作用。
     

免疫球蛋白IgY的分子结构与功能

应用鸡作为免疫宿主产生抗体,大约在100年前已有过报道,鸡的抗体是从血清转输至蛋黄中,使鸡胚胎或雏鸡获得被动免疫性,因此从蛋黄(egg yolk)中提取抗体免疫球蛋白产物称之为IgY(Immunoglobulin yolk,IgY),它的优点是促进了免疫原性,比哺乳动物的抗体易保存,此外IgY能识别一些哺乳动物的相同蛋白质,使得它能得到广泛的应用。通过常规方法免疫而获得的IgY和IgG抗体进行比较,每月约可得     

新型嗜硫膜亲和纯化鸡传染性法式囊卵黄抗体研究

以普通定性滤纸为基质 ,经碱处理 ,二乙烯砜活化和巯基乙醇偶联后 ,制备成嗜硫膜 (thiophilic -mem brane ,TM) ,考察了其对鸡传染性法式囊 (IBD)卵黄抗体 (IgY)的特异性亲和吸附作用 .卵黄经醋酸钠 -醋酸缓冲液 10倍稀释于 4℃自然沉降脱脂后 ,所得上清液 (WSF)经嗜硫膜亲和吸附分离 ,可一步纯化得到SDS-PAGE电泳纯的卵黄抗体 .IgY在嗜硫膜上的吸附速度随着流速的增加而增大 ,吸附量则随着流速的增加而减少 .     

鸡卵黄免疫球蛋白的嗜硫性色谱一步分离纯化

采用重力沉降法对卵黄液进行脱脂预处理 ,利用嗜硫性色谱 ,实现鸡卵黄免疫球蛋白(IgY)的一步分离纯化 ,蛋白质的回收率高达 91% .鸡卵黄免疫球蛋白IgY经SDS -PAGE检测为电泳纯 ,活性回收率达 70 %以上     

鸡卵黄抗体技术在5种草莓病毒快速检测中的应用

利用生物信息学技术对草莓轻型黄边病毒(SMYEV)、草莓斑驳病毒(SMV)及草莓皱缩病毒(SCV)等5种病毒抗原表位进行预测,将预测的抗原肽段及串联表位肽段的DNA片段在大肠埃希氏菌(Escherichia) BL21(DE3)进行原核表达,并将纯化后的抗原表位肽免疫京红一号产蛋鸡.从免疫蛋鸡卵黄中分离卵黄抗体(IgY),并对其进行抗体活性、效价及灵敏度的分析.结果表明,预测到的优势抗原表位肽段分别位于5种草莓病毒外壳蛋白氨基酸序列的27-38、49-82、288-314、62-75、218-238位. 5种优势抗原表位肽及其串联抗原表位肽(5S)均能在Escherichia BL21(DE3)中成功表达. 5S免疫蛋鸡产生的IgY对于5种草莓病毒均具有较强的免疫活性,抗体滴度为1∶1 600,检测灵敏度为10ng.本研究制备的串联抗原表位重组蛋白能诱导蛋鸡产生具有较强免疫活性的IgY抗体,可用于SMYEV、SMV及SCV等5种草莓病毒的同时检测.     

卵黄抗体的研究进展

自从 1983年 ,Klemperer首次报道鸡蛋中存在抗体以来 ,人们对卵黄抗体 (IgY)的研究越来越多 ,认识也越来越深入 ,应用也日益广泛起来。卵黄抗体价格便宜、制备方便 ,具有其它抗体不可比拟的特点 ,是当今生物科学研究的一个热点。1　IgY与IgG的区别历史上 ,曾经有人认为在禽类血清中发现的低分子量 (MW )免疫球蛋白是IgG。但是研究分析发现禽类血清中的抗体不具有类似于IgG的 5 0kDa重链 (γ) [1] 。所以说禽类血清中的抗体不是IgG。现在认为IgY是禽类血清和卵黄中的主要抗体。IgG的重链 (γ)为 5 0kD ,由四个区域组成 :一个可变区 …     

卵黄抗体(IgY)及其在蛇伤治疗中的研究进展

传统抗蛇毒血清存在生产成本高、得率低、多种副作用等不足,使得寻找更理想的蛇毒解毒剂变得十分迫切;因卵黄抗体(Ig Y)在生产及中和蛇毒毒性等方面所体现的独特优势,成为开发新蛇毒解毒剂的重要研究对象。当前研究表明:Ig Y与哺乳动物Ig G功能相似但结构不同;Ig Y据有良好的耐压及耐酸碱稳定性,但对高温及蛋白水酶敏感;相比Ig G,Ig Y的生产成本低且具有非侵略性,其运用于免疫分析可降低假阳性率;产蛋鸡的免疫应答受抗原(剂量、分子量)、佐剂类型、免疫途径、免疫间隔等4种主要因素共同影响;纯化方法影响Ig Y纯度与活性;已制备出的多种抗蛇毒Ig Y对蛇毒引起的毒理作用有很好的中和效果。随着生物技术的快速发展,抗蛇毒Ig Y有望被开发成解毒剂、诊断试纸、亲和配体、口服制剂等,在蛇伤研究领域的应用前景广阔。
     

An Index mechanism for multi-scale view in spatial databases

There are numerous geometric objects stored in the spatial databases. An importance function in a spatial database is that users can browse the geometric objects as a map efficiently. Thus the spatial database should display the geometric objects users concern about swiftly onto the display window. This process includes two operations:retrieve data from database and then draw them onto screen. Accordingly, to improve the efficiency, we should try to reduce time of both retrieving object and displaying them. The former can be achieved with the aid of spatial index such as R-tree, the latter require to simplify the objects. Simplification means that objects are shown with sufficient but not with unnecessary detail which depend on the scale of browse. So the major problem is how to retrieve data at different detail level efficiently. This paper introduces the implementation of a multi-scale index in the spatial database SISP (Spatial Information Shared Platform) which is generalized from R-tree. The difference between the generalization and the R-tree lies on two facets: One is that every node and geometric object in the generalization is assigned with a importance value which denote the importance of them, and every vertex in the objects are assigned with a importance value,too. The importance value can be use to decide which data should be retrieve from disk in a query. The other difference is that geometric objects in the generalization are divided into one or more sub-blocks, and vertexes are total ordered by their importance value. With the help of the generalized R-tree, one can easily retrieve data at different detail levels.Some experiments are performed on real-life data to evaluate the performance of solutions that separately use normal spatial index and multi-scale spatial index. The results show that the solution using multi-scale index in SISP is satisfying.     

Characterization of Ordovician carbonate reservoirs, southeastern Saskatchewan, Canada

The discovery of the prolific Ordovician Red River reservoirs in 1995 in southeastern Saskatchewan was the catalyst for extensive exploration activity which resulted in the discovery of more than 15 new Red River pools. The best yields of Red River production to date have been from dolomite reservoirs. Understanding the processes of dolomitization is, therefore, crucial for the prediction of the connectivity, spatial distribution and heterogeneity of dolomite reservoirs.The Red River reservoirs in the Midale area consist of 3～4 thin dolomitized zones, with a total thickness of about 20 m, which occur at the top of the Yeoman Formation. Two types of replacement dolomite were recognized in the Red River reservoir: dolomitized burrow infills and dolomitized host matrix. The spatial distribution of dolomite suggests that burrowing organisms played an important role in facilitating the fluid flow in the backfilled sediments. This resulted in penecontemporaneous dolomitization of burrow infills by normal seawater. The dolomite in the host matrix is interpreted as having occurred at shallow burial by evaporitic seawater during precipitation of Lake Almar anhydrite that immediately overlies the Yeoman Formation. However, the low δ18O values of dolomited burrow infills (-5.9‰～ -7.8‰, PDB) and matrix dolomites (-6.6‰～ -8.1‰, avg. -7.4‰ PDB) compared to the estimated values for the late Ordovician marine dolomite could be attributed to modification and alteration of dolomite at higher temperatures during deeper burial, which could also be responsible for its 87Sr/86Sr ratios (0.7084～0.7088) that are higher than suggested for the late Ordovician seawaters (0.7078～0.7080). The trace amounts of saddle dolomite cement in the Red River carbonates are probably related to "cannibalization" of earlier replacement dolomite during the chemical compaction.     

A computer generator for randomly layered structures

AcomputergeneratorforrandomlylayeredstructuresYUJia shun1,2,HEZhen hua2(1.TheInstituteofGeologicalandNuclearSciences,NewZealand;2.StateKeyLaboratoryofOilandGasReservoirGeologyandExploitation,ChengduUniversityofTechnology,China)Abstract:Analgorithmisintrod…     

Perspherical Approaches for Electrons in Atoms and Charged Excitons in Quantum Wells

Instead of following Fock’s expansion,we solve the Schrodinger equation for some quantum mechanical manybody systems such as electrons in atoms and charged excitons in quantum wells in a similar way in hyperspherical coordinates by expanding the wave functions into orthonormal complete basis sets of the hyperspherical hannonics(HHs)of hyperangles and generalized Laguerre polynomials(GLPs)of the hyperradius.This leads the equation to     

Advances in broadband wireless communications under high-mobility scenarios

Future mobile communication systems aim at providing very high data transmission rates, even in high-mobility scenarios such as high-speed wheel-track trains, maglev trains, highway vehicles, airplanes, guided missiles or spacecraft. A particularly important commercial application is the strong and increasing worldwide demand for high- speed broadband wireless communications （up to 574.8 km/ h test speeds or 380 km/h commercial speeds） in railways, providing data, voice and video services for applications such as onboard entertainment services to passengers, train control, train dispatch, train sensor status handling and sur- veillance. In such high-mobility scenarios, there are a number of communication challenges, including fast hand- over, location updating, high-speed channel modeling, estimation and equalization, anti-Doppler spreading tech- niques, fast power control, and dedicated network architec- ture. Because signal transmission in very high-speed scenarios will inevitably experience serious deterioration, it is imperative to develop key broadband mobile communi- cation techniques for such high-speed vehicles.     

Wuhan University Journal of Natural Sciences TOTAL CONTENTS

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Scale-based spatial data model for GIS

Being the primary media of geographical information and the elementary objects manipulated, almost all of maps adopt the layer-based model to represent geographic information in the existent GIS. However, it is difficult to extend the map represented in layer-based model. Furthermore, in Web-Based GIS, It is slow to transmit the spatial data for map viewing. In this paper, for solving the questions above, we have proposed a new method for representing the spatial data. That is scale-based model. In this model we represent maps in three levels: scale-view, block, and spatial object, and organize the maps in a set of map layers, named Scale-View, which associates some given scales.Lastly, a prototype Web-Based GIS using the proposed spatial data representation is described briefly.     

海南岛地体及其毗邻陆缘晚中生代—新生代古地磁研究和构造演化

本文叙述了对海南岛及其毗邻大陆边缘白垩纪到第四纪地层岩石进行古地磁研究的全部工作过程。通过分析岩石中剩余磁矢量的磁偏角及磁倾角的变化,提出海南岛白垩纪以来经历的构造演化模式如下:早期伴随顺时针旋转而向南迁移,后期伴随逆时针转动并向北运移。联系该地区及邻区的地质、地球物理资料,对海南岛上述的构造地体运动提出以下认识:北部湾内早期有一拉张作用,主要是该作用使湾内地壳显著伸长减薄,形成北部湾盆地。从而导致了海南岛的早期构造运动,而海南岛后期的构造运动则主要是受南海海底扩张的影响。海南地体运动规律的阐明对于了解北部湾油气盆地的形成演化有重要的理论和实际意义。     

Exciton Seebeck in Molecular Systems

Various applications relevant to the exciton dynamics,such as the organic solar cell,the large-area organic light-emitting diodes and the thermoelectricity,are operating under temperature gradient.The potential abnormal behavior of the exicton dynamics driven by the temperature difference may affect the efficiency and performance of the corresponding devices.In the above situations,the exciton dynamics under temperature difference is mixed with     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

The elongation method,originally proposed by Imamura was further developed for many years in our group.As a method towards O(N)with high efficiency and high accuracy for any dimensional systems.This treatment designed for one-dimensional(ID)polymers is now available for three-dimensional(3D)systems,but geometry optimization is now possible only for 1D-systems.As an approach toward post-Hartree-Fock,it was also extended to