海带对罗源湾养殖区海水的生物修复研究

研究了罗源湾海带栽培期间3-5月的水质状况,以及室内海带个体对养殖废水的净化作用.结果表明:大面积海带栽培可改善罗源湾的水质状况,降低无机氮磷含量.3-5月海带栽培区的总无机氮(DIN)的降低率分别达到25.48%、19.62%、44.65%,总无机磷(DIP)的降低率分别为20.17%、32.00%、38.72%.在7 d实验期间,海带个体对养殖废水的净化效果明显,DIN的去除率可达98%以上.海带在养殖废水中能正常生长,保持一定的日增长率,鲜质量及叶片长有所增加.     

孔石莼对养虾废水营养盐吸收的研究

研究了孔石莼对不同浓度养殖废水的水质净化效果.结果表明,孔石莼对水体中氮、磷营养盐的清除效果明显:对NO3--N、NO2--N、NH4+-N、pO43--P移除率分别可达99.8％、99.6％、95.9％、98.7％;对总无机氮的移除率可达98.6％.孔石莼在吸收氨氮同时对硝态氮和亚硝态氮也有吸收,但NH4+-N的吸收大部分在第1天完成,而NO3--N和NO2--N的大部分吸收需要2d或3d完成.孔石莼在养殖废水中生长良好,鲜质量逐日增加,日生长率均较大.     

孔石莼对养虾废水营养盐吸收的研究

研究了孔石莼对不同浓度养殖废水的水质净化效果.结果表明,孔石莼对水体中氮、磷营养盐的清除效果明显:对NO3--N、NO2--N、NH4+-N、PO43--P移除率分别可达99.8%、99.6%、95.9%、98.7%;对总无机氮的移除率可达98.6%.孔石莼在吸收氨氮同时对硝态氮和亚硝态氮也有吸收,但NH4+-N的吸收大部分在第1天完成,而NO3--N和NO2--N的大部分吸收需要2 d或3 d完成.孔石莼在养殖废水中生长良好,鲜质量逐日增加,日生长率均较大.     

台风对封闭式工厂化虾池生态系统中水环境因子的影响

于2003年7月23～29日台风发生期间在广西海洋研究所对虾工厂化养殖基地现场测定养殖水温、pH值和化学耗氧量(COD),采样分析养殖水体的无机氮(DIN)、无机磷(DIP)及叶绿素a(chl.a)含量,并对水温、pH值、COD、DIN、DIP、chl.a间进行相关性分析,研究封闭式工厂化虾养殖生态系中环境因子的变化状况及其影响因素.结果表明:台风气候对该生态系中的水环境因子影响较大,一方面既导致了浮游植物的快速削减,也导致了pH值的明显下降;另一方面又导致了COD的显著增加和DIN、DIP的明显上升.台风期间养成密度大的养殖池中,环境因子之间多具有显著的相关性;养成密度小的养殖池中,环境因子之间的相关性较差.显然,虾池生态系中水环境功能的优劣对对虾的养成质量及抵抗自然灾害具有至关重要的作用,而虾池有机物的及时清除以及水环境因子的适时调控也是重要的一环.     

闽三角海域营养盐时空分布与赤潮危险度评估

根据福建省生态环境厅发布的2015—2019年近岸海域海水水质监测数据,研究了该海域活性磷酸盐(PO43--P)和无机氮(DIN)的时空分布特征.结果表明,河流径流对闽三角海域营养盐含量的影响存在明显的季节变化特征,表现为枯水期最高,平水期最低的特点;空间分布上呈现出近岸高,向外海逐渐降低的特征,这5年期间营养盐含量呈...     

福建省三沙湾白马港海域叶绿素a与初级生产力的调查

以2013年福建省三沙湾白马港海域的现场调查资料为基础,对该海域叶绿素a和初级生产力的季节分布特征进行了分析和探讨,并对比福建省其它海湾海域(罗源湾、湄洲湾、围头湾)叶绿素a和初级生产力的调查资料。研究结果表明:该海域叶绿素a和初级生产力含量符合春季大于秋季的趋势;该海域叶绿素a和初级生产力含量比福建省其它海湾海域(罗源湾、湄洲湾、围头湾)低;另外,该海域水质中无机氮、磷酸盐含量已达到水体富营养化指标,因此,三沙湾白马港海水水质状况应得到重视。     

焦化废水混凝深度处理研究

焦化废水来自于炼焦、煤气净化及焦化产品回收过程中产生的废水,其成分复杂多变,属于难处理的工业废水.经生物处理后的焦化废水很难达到相关标准的要求,因此采用混凝法对焦化废水进一步进行深度处理.实验选择了几种混凝剂如聚合硫酸铁(PFS)、硫酸铝(Al2(SO4)3)及聚丙烯酰胺PAM.通过实验确定各种混凝剂处理焦化废水的最佳pH值、最佳投加量、并确定无机混凝剂、有机絮凝剂配合使用时的最佳实验条件.结果表明:不同混凝剂适用的pH值各不相同,最佳的混凝处理条件是PFS和PAM组合,其能进一步去除色度、CODCr,提高出水水质.     

利用膜-光生物反应器(MPBR)连续培养微藻去除海水养殖废水中营养盐的研究

以海水养殖废水为培养基质,在膜-光生物反应器(membrane photobioreactor,MPBR)中进行微藻的连续进出水培养,对微藻的生长情况和废水中氮磷营养盐的去除效果进行了研究。首先,将小球藻和衣藻接种于海水养殖废水中进行批次培养,两种微藻均表现出对海水养殖废水较好的适应性,实现了较快生长,比生长速率分别为0.29和0.26 d~(-1)。之后,将小球藻和衣藻分别接种到水力停留时间为1.0 d的MPBR中进行为期32 d的连续进出水培养。小球藻和衣藻的生物量生产速率分别为37.9和32.4 mg·L~(-1)·d~(-1),分别是批次培养中微藻指数生长阶段生物量生产速率的3.4倍和3.6倍。同时MPBR也实现了对海水养殖废水中氮磷营养盐的高效去除,小球藻MPBR和衣藻MPBR在稳定运行阶段对溶解性无机氮(DIN)的平均去除率分别达到93.9%和93.6%,其对溶解性无机磷(DIP)的平均去除率分别达到98.8%和99.0%。可见采用膜法连续培养方法既实现了光生物反应器内微藻的高效培养,同时也实现了对进水中氮磷营养盐的高效去除,另外废水在处理过程中的停留时间相比于传统批次培养得到了极大的缩短,这些都将有利于促进微藻培养方法在水产养殖业的废水处理和循环使用中发挥更大的作用。     

哑铃湾网箱养殖区底层水营养盐的分布与评价

根据2002年4月至2003年1月在哑铃湾网箱养殖区水化学的现场调查,分析了网箱区和对照点底层海水中溶解无机氮磷的含量差异和季节变化特征,讨论了溶解态无机氮磷与环境因子的线性相关性,并对哑铃湾网箱养殖区底层海水的富营养化水平进行评价.结果表明:哑铃湾网箱养殖对底层海水pH值、DO、COD、NO-2-N 和NO-3-N的影响不明显,对NH 4-N、DIN和PO3-4-P的影响相对较大,短期养殖的影响较小,长期养殖的影响明显.溶解无机氮磷原子比值降低,使该海区营养盐结构的改变,对赤潮发生带来一定风险.季节上春、秋季的影响更明显.哑铃湾养殖区底层海水在春、秋两季已达到富营养化水平,养殖期越长,富营养化程度越高.     

2021年秋季广西廉州湾海域营养盐及水质状况分析

2021年10月(秋季)对廉州湾近岸海域进行现场调查,分析廉州湾营养盐的分布特征,并利用富营养化指数和有机污染指数对该海域海水水质进行等级划分与评价。结果显示：秋季廉州湾海域的溶解态无机氮(DIN)浓度为0.149-1.587 mg/L,均值为0.493 mg/L;溶解态无机磷(DIP)浓度为0.010-0.084 mg/L,均值为0.033 mg/L;化学需氧量(COD)浓度为0.89-3.27 mg/L,均值为1.47 mg/L。DIN呈现近岸高、中部低的分布;DIP由湾内至湾外呈递减趋势,梯度分布明显,受河流输入影响显著。调查区域的富营养化指数为0.48-76.25,均值为12.23,大多数站位的水质状况属于轻度至中度富营养水平,严重富营养化主要出现在南流江口附近的站位;有机污染指数为-0.15-7.20,均值为1.80,研究区域50%的水质受到不同程度污染,南流江水质污染最严重,属于严重污染水域。总体来看,河流输入的陆源污染和人类对廉州湾海域的开发利用,是廉州湾海域富营养化和有机污染程度高的主要原因。     

Characterization of Ordovician carbonate reservoirs, southeastern Saskatchewan, Canada

The discovery of the prolific Ordovician Red River reservoirs in 1995 in southeastern Saskatchewan was the catalyst for extensive exploration activity which resulted in the discovery of more than 15 new Red River pools. The best yields of Red River production to date have been from dolomite reservoirs. Understanding the processes of dolomitization is, therefore, crucial for the prediction of the connectivity, spatial distribution and heterogeneity of dolomite reservoirs.The Red River reservoirs in the Midale area consist of 3～4 thin dolomitized zones, with a total thickness of about 20 m, which occur at the top of the Yeoman Formation. Two types of replacement dolomite were recognized in the Red River reservoir: dolomitized burrow infills and dolomitized host matrix. The spatial distribution of dolomite suggests that burrowing organisms played an important role in facilitating the fluid flow in the backfilled sediments. This resulted in penecontemporaneous dolomitization of burrow infills by normal seawater. The dolomite in the host matrix is interpreted as having occurred at shallow burial by evaporitic seawater during precipitation of Lake Almar anhydrite that immediately overlies the Yeoman Formation. However, the low δ18O values of dolomited burrow infills (-5.9‰～ -7.8‰, PDB) and matrix dolomites (-6.6‰～ -8.1‰, avg. -7.4‰ PDB) compared to the estimated values for the late Ordovician marine dolomite could be attributed to modification and alteration of dolomite at higher temperatures during deeper burial, which could also be responsible for its 87Sr/86Sr ratios (0.7084～0.7088) that are higher than suggested for the late Ordovician seawaters (0.7078～0.7080). The trace amounts of saddle dolomite cement in the Red River carbonates are probably related to "cannibalization" of earlier replacement dolomite during the chemical compaction.     

An Index mechanism for multi-scale view in spatial databases

There are numerous geometric objects stored in the spatial databases. An importance function in a spatial database is that users can browse the geometric objects as a map efficiently. Thus the spatial database should display the geometric objects users concern about swiftly onto the display window. This process includes two operations:retrieve data from database and then draw them onto screen. Accordingly, to improve the efficiency, we should try to reduce time of both retrieving object and displaying them. The former can be achieved with the aid of spatial index such as R-tree, the latter require to simplify the objects. Simplification means that objects are shown with sufficient but not with unnecessary detail which depend on the scale of browse. So the major problem is how to retrieve data at different detail level efficiently. This paper introduces the implementation of a multi-scale index in the spatial database SISP (Spatial Information Shared Platform) which is generalized from R-tree. The difference between the generalization and the R-tree lies on two facets: One is that every node and geometric object in the generalization is assigned with a importance value which denote the importance of them, and every vertex in the objects are assigned with a importance value,too. The importance value can be use to decide which data should be retrieve from disk in a query. The other difference is that geometric objects in the generalization are divided into one or more sub-blocks, and vertexes are total ordered by their importance value. With the help of the generalized R-tree, one can easily retrieve data at different detail levels.Some experiments are performed on real-life data to evaluate the performance of solutions that separately use normal spatial index and multi-scale spatial index. The results show that the solution using multi-scale index in SISP is satisfying.     

A computer generator for randomly layered structures

AcomputergeneratorforrandomlylayeredstructuresYUJia shun1,2,HEZhen hua2(1.TheInstituteofGeologicalandNuclearSciences,NewZealand;2.StateKeyLaboratoryofOilandGasReservoirGeologyandExploitation,ChengduUniversityofTechnology,China)Abstract:Analgorithmisintrod…     

海南岛地体及其毗邻陆缘晚中生代—新生代古地磁研究和构造演化

本文叙述了对海南岛及其毗邻大陆边缘白垩纪到第四纪地层岩石进行古地磁研究的全部工作过程。通过分析岩石中剩余磁矢量的磁偏角及磁倾角的变化,提出海南岛白垩纪以来经历的构造演化模式如下:早期伴随顺时针旋转而向南迁移,后期伴随逆时针转动并向北运移。联系该地区及邻区的地质、地球物理资料,对海南岛上述的构造地体运动提出以下认识:北部湾内早期有一拉张作用,主要是该作用使湾内地壳显著伸长减薄,形成北部湾盆地。从而导致了海南岛的早期构造运动,而海南岛后期的构造运动则主要是受南海海底扩张的影响。海南地体运动规律的阐明对于了解北部湾油气盆地的形成演化有重要的理论和实际意义。     

Exciton Seebeck in Molecular Systems

Various applications relevant to the exciton dynamics,such as the organic solar cell,the large-area organic light-emitting diodes and the thermoelectricity,are operating under temperature gradient.The potential abnormal behavior of the exicton dynamics driven by the temperature difference may affect the efficiency and performance of the corresponding devices.In the above situations,the exciton dynamics under temperature difference is mixed with     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

The elongation method,originally proposed by Imamura was further developed for many years in our group.As a method towards O(N)with high efficiency and high accuracy for any dimensional systems.This treatment designed for one-dimensional(ID)polymers is now available for three-dimensional(3D)systems,but geometry optimization is now possible only for 1D-systems.As an approach toward post-Hartree-Fock,it was also extended to     

《Chinese Science Bulletin》SUBJECT INDEX TO VOLUME 59(2014)

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An on-line scaling method for improving scalability of a database cluster

The explosive growth of the Internet and database applications has driven database to be more scalable and available, and able to support on-line scaling without interrupting service. To support more client's queries without downtime and degrading the response time, more nodes have to be scaled up while the database is running. This paper presents the overview of scalable and available database that satisfies the above characteristics. And we propose a novel on-line scaling method. Our method improves the existing on-line scaling method for fast response time and higher throughputs. Our proposed method reduces unnecessary network use, i.e. , we decrease the number of data copy by reusing the backup data. Also, our on-line scaling operation can be processed parallel by selecting adequate nodes as new node. Our performance study shows that our method results in significant reduction in data copy time.     

An improved R-tree based on childnode''s probability

R-Tree is a good structure for spatial searching. But in this indexing structure,either the sequence of nodes in the same level or sequence of traveling these nodes when queries are made is random. Since the possibility that the object appears in different MBR which have the same parents node is different, if we make the subnode who has the most possibility be traveled first, the time cost will be decreased in most of the cases. In some case, the possibility of a point belong to a rectangle will shows direct proportion with the size of the rectangle. But this conclusion is based on an assumption that the objects are symmetrically distributing in the area and this assumption is not always coming into existence. Now we found a more direct parameter to scale the possibility and made a little change on the structure of R-tree, to increase the possibility of founding the satisfying answer in the front sub trees. We names this structure probability based arranged R-tree (PBAR-tree).     

Integrating GIS Web services based on mediating architecture

The geographic information service is enabled by the advancements in general Web service technology and the focused efforts of the OGC in defining XML-based Web GIS service. Based on these models, this paper addresses the issue of services chaining,the process of combining or pipelining results from several interoperable GIS Web Services to create a customized solution. This paper presents a mediated chaining architecture in which a specific service takes responsibility for performing the process that describes a service chain. We designed the Spatial Information Process Language (SIPL) for dynamic modeling and describing the service chain, also a prototype of the Spatial Information Process Execution Engine (SIPEE) is implemented for executing processes written in SIPL. Discussion of measures to improve the functionality and performance of such system will be included.