小鼠胎肝间充质干细胞体内向骨骼肌样细胞分化的研究

目的:了解小鼠胎肝间充质干细胞在体内向骨骼肌细胞分化的潜能。方法:无菌条件下将C57BL/6 J胎鼠肝脏制成单细胞悬液,雄性胎肝悬液体外贴壁培养纯化,传3代后将贴壁细胞移植于心肌毒素(card iotoxin)造成的雌鼠骨骼肌损伤部位,2月后处死受鼠,取相应骨骼肌组织固定、制片;用免疫组织化学染色和荧光原位杂交检测雌性受体小鼠骨骼肌组织内供体小鼠胎肝间充质干细胞向骨骼肌样细胞分化情况。结果:在骨骼肌组织内发现存在Y染色体阳性的供体来源的细胞,同时呈现骨骼肌组织的部分特征,表型为desm in /F lt-1-/CD4-5/F4-/80。结论:胎肝中分离出的间充质干细胞在体内可以分化为骨骼肌样细胞。     

体外诱导人骨髓间充质干细胞向胰岛β样细胞分化的研究

目的：探讨体外诱导人骨髓间充质干细胞（ＭＳＣs）向胰岛β样细胞分化。方法：在无菌条件下从正常成人骨髓中分离间充质干细胞,体外培养传3代后用表皮生长因子（epidermal growth factor,EGF）、β-巯基乙醇和高糖培养基诱导MSCs向胰岛β样细胞分化。观察MSCs在诱导前后的形态变化;用胰岛素免疫细胞化学染色检测胰岛素的表达;用双硫腙染色鉴定胰岛β样细胞。结果：未经诱导的MSCs在培养体系中呈贴壁生长,长梭形,经诱导分化后,细胞逐渐变圆,并聚集成团;胰岛素免疫细胞化学表明细胞团内的细胞呈胰岛素染色强阳性反应：双硫腙染色阳性。结论：人骨髓间充质干细胞可在体外被定向诱导分化为胰岛β样细胞。     

成人骨髓间充质干细胞体外定向诱导分化为胰岛样细胞团的研究

体外扩增和定向诱导成人骨髓间充质干细胞(MSC)向胰岛样细胞分化.从正常成人骨髓中分离MSC,在含10%胎牛血清的α-MEM培养基中对其进行纯化和扩增.用bFGF,EGF等因子诱导MSC向nestin阳性的祖细胞(NIP)分化;用高糖无血清培养基和β细胞调节素、尼克酰胺等诱导NIP向胰岛样细胞分化.用RT-PCR法检测诱导前后nestin,ngn3,IPF-1,胰岛素,胰高血糖素基因的表达;双硫腙染色鉴定胰岛样的细胞团;免疫组织化学法检测诱导前后nestin,胰岛素,胰高血糖素,生长抑素蛋白的表达;放射免疫分析法检测诱导前后细胞分泌胰岛素情况.结果表明MSC经第一阶段的诱导后可分化成NIP,继续诱导6 d后变圆的细胞逐渐增多,并聚集成团,双硫腙染色阳性.免疫组化实验证明经两阶段诱导后的细胞表达胰岛素、胰高血糖素、生长抑素等内分泌激素.放免分析结果表明诱导的胰岛样细胞团可以分泌胰岛素,糖反应性较弱.以上结果表明成人骨髓间充质干细胞在体外可以被诱导分化为胰岛样细胞团.这将为解决糖尿病细胞治疗所面临的供者细胞不足、移植排斥反应等问题提供一个新的方案.     

胎肝Sca-1+细胞治疗STZ诱导小鼠糖尿病的实验研究

目的探讨小鼠胎肝组织中的干细胞抗原1阳性的细胞(Sca-1+细胞)治疗链脲佐菌素(STZ)诱导糖尿病鼠的潜能.方法取14.5 d的C57BL/6J小鼠胎肝,制作细胞悬液,用单克隆免疫磁珠细胞分离技术分离Sca-1+细胞,将2×105个雄性小鼠Sca-1+细胞输注到STZ诱导的C57BL/6J雌性小鼠体内,以后每7 d定时测定小鼠血糖,第38 d处死受体小鼠取胰腺组织固定、切片,免疫组化观察胰腺组织中胰岛素阳性的β细胞变化.结果小鼠胎肝Sca 1+细胞能够有效抑制STZ诱导小鼠血糖的持续升高,明显降低糖尿病鼠的死亡率.受体小鼠胰岛细胞结构清楚,其中可见表达胰岛素的β细胞,荧光原位杂交显示小鼠胰岛内有Y染色体阳性杂交点.结论小鼠胎肝Sca-1+细胞具有一定的治疗小鼠糖尿病的作用.     

高糖诱导人脐血间充质干细胞向胰岛样细胞分化

目的:探讨脐血间充质干细胞向胰岛样细胞分化的潜能.方法:分离脐血有核细胞,将其置于MesencultTM培养基中进行培养,并利用贴壁法进行纯化、扩增.扩增后的脐血间充质干细胞用含体积分数5%胎牛血清的H-DMEM持续诱导.采用胰岛素免疫荧光染色对诱导后的细胞进行鉴定,定量检测胰岛素分泌水平及其对葡萄糖刺激的反应性.结果:诱导后,细胞形态发生明显变化,变圆而且聚集成团;细胞的胰岛素免疫荧光染色为阳性;而且细胞能分泌少量胰岛素,并对糖刺激具有反应性.结论:在高糖环境中,脐血间充质干细胞具有向胰岛样细胞分化的潜能.     

人胎骨髓MSCs的分离鉴定及其向脂肪和成骨细胞的分化

目的:分离鉴定人胎骨髓中的间充质样干细胞(m esenchym al-like stem cell,MSCs),探索其体外培养的生物学特性。方法:利用细胞差速贴壁生长特性分离纯化人胎骨髓间充质样干细胞;利用流式细胞仪检测其细胞周期和表面标志;添加常规诱导液诱导其向脂肪、成骨方向分化,并利用特异性细胞化学染色法加以鉴定。结果:从人胎骨髓中成功分离、纯化得到间充质样干细胞,P4代细胞有92.3%的细胞处于G0/G1期;P5代细胞有96.1%的细胞处于G0/G1期;流式细胞仪检测P3代细胞结果显示:人胎骨髓MSC表达CD15、CD29、CD44、CD105、CD106和CD166,不表达造血细胞标志CD34、CD45,不表达与GVHD相关的HLA-DR、CD80、CD86、CD40、CD40L。在经典的诱导条件下,人胎骨髓MSCs可迅速向脂肪及成骨方向分化。结论:人胎骨髓中含有丰富的间充质样干细胞,具有较强的多向分化潜能,且免疫原性弱,是组织工程的较为理想的种子细胞。     

人脐带间充质干细胞在肝部分切除模型大鼠体内向肝样细胞的分化

目的:探讨人脐带间充质干细胞(MSCs)移植到肝部分切除模型大鼠体内能否存活并分化为肝样细胞.方法:用胶原酶消化法从人的脐带分离出MSCs,培养并检测人脐带来源的MSCs的细胞表面标志.取第5代人脐带MSCs用PKH26标记,制作大鼠肝部分切除模型,将标记的细胞经门静脉植入大鼠体内,观察移植后第1、2、3周细胞能否存活,以及移植细胞能否向肝样细胞分化,表达肝细胞的标记物白蛋白.结果:人脐带MSCs能在体外大量扩增,移植到肝部分切除模型大鼠肝脏后细胞能存活,并表达肝细胞标记物白蛋白,PKH26标记后细胞在荧光显微镜下发红色荧光,荧光显微镜下可见肝脏冰冻切片中散在分布的标记细胞,免疫荧光染色大多数标记细胞白蛋白染色阳性,并发绿色荧光.结论:人脐带间充质干细胞移植至大鼠体内能够存活并分化为肝样细胞,人脐带间充质干细胞可能作为肝细胞移植的重要来源.     

骨髓间充质干细胞向肝样细胞分化的研究进展

摘要: 由各种因素导致的重症肝病的终末治疗的最好手段一直是原位肝移植,但长期以来肝供体的缺乏和免疫排斥引起的一系列问题极大地限制了该手术的运用,同时,在肝脏相关药物的筛选中,原代肝细胞难于培养且易在培养过程中变异,而随着骨髓间充质干细胞研究的深入,越来越多的证据表明骨髓间充质干细胞具有向肝细胞分化的潜能。因此,骨髓间充质干细胞诱导分化而成的肝样细胞在再生医疗和药物筛选领域具有较好的运用前景,本文就间充质干细胞的分离培养及其生物学特性,肝样细胞的诱导培养条件,生物学特性及其运用前景加以综述。     

人脐带间充质干细胞体外分离、纯化及鉴定

目的:从人脐带中分离、培养并鉴定间充质干细胞(MSCs).方法:用胶原酶消化法分离脐带间充质干细胞,差速贴壁法进行纯化;MTT法检测细胞增殖活性,并绘制生长曲线;流式细胞仪检测其表面标志和细胞周期;地塞米松、抗坏血酸、磷酸甘油诱导其向成骨细胞分化,并用碱性磷酸酶染色鉴定;地塞米松、胰岛素、吲哚美辛诱导其向脂肪细胞分化,用油红O染色鉴定;将脐带MSCs注射到BALB/c裸鼠肾被膜下,观察有无致瘤性.结果:从人脐带中分离出的同充质干细胞为梭形,呈平行排列生长或漩涡状生长;细胞表达CD29、CD44,低表达CD106,不表达CD14、CD31、CD34、CD45和HLA-DR;具有分化成脂肪细胞和成骨细胞的潜能;将脐带MSCs移植到BALB/c裸鼠肾被膜下,未观察到致瘤性.结论:从脐带中成功分离培养的细胞,具有间充质干细胞生物学特性.     

骨髓间充质干细胞向心肌分化的研究进展

目的:介绍骨髓间充质干细胞向心肌细胞分化的研究进展.方法:综合分析近年来国内外相关文献资料.结果:骨髓间充质干细胞在体内、外均可分化为心肌细胞.结论:骨髓间充质干细胞有望成为心衰干细胞移植治疗的理想细胞材料.     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Lower Paleozoic oil relationships within Williston Basin, Canada

The Williston Basin is a significant petroleum province, containing oil production zones that include the Middle Cambrian to Lower Ordovician, Upper Ordovician, Middle Devonian, Upper Devonian and Mississippian and within the Jurassic and Cretaceous. The oils of the Williston Basin exhibit a wide range of geochemical characteristics defined as "oil families", although the geochemical signature of the Cambrian Deadwood Formation and Lower Ordovician Winnipeg reservoired oils does not match any "oil family". Despite their close stratigraphic proximity, it is evident that the oils of the Lower Palaeozoic within the Williston Basin are distinct. This suggests the presence of a new "oil family" within the Williston Basin. Diagnostic geochemical signatures occur in the gasoline range chromatograms, within saturate fraction gas chromatograms and biomarker fingerprints. However, some of the established criteria and cross-plots that are currently used to segregate oils into distinct genetic families within the basin do not always meet with success, particularly when applied to the Lower Palaeozoic oils of the Deadwood and Winnipeg Formation.     

An Analysis of Catherine＇s Character——Wuthering Heights

Wuthering Heights, Emily Bronte＇s only novel, was published in December of 1847 under the pseudonym Ellis Bell. The book did not gain immediate success, but it is now thought one of the finest novels in the English language. Catherine is the key character of this masterpiece, because everybody and everything center on her though she had a short life. We can understand this masterpiece better if we know Catherine well.     

Characterization of Ordovician carbonate reservoirs, southeastern Saskatchewan, Canada

The discovery of the prolific Ordovician Red River reservoirs in 1995 in southeastern Saskatchewan was the catalyst for extensive exploration activity which resulted in the discovery of more than 15 new Red River pools. The best yields of Red River production to date have been from dolomite reservoirs. Understanding the processes of dolomitization is, therefore, crucial for the prediction of the connectivity, spatial distribution and heterogeneity of dolomite reservoirs.The Red River reservoirs in the Midale area consist of 3～4 thin dolomitized zones, with a total thickness of about 20 m, which occur at the top of the Yeoman Formation. Two types of replacement dolomite were recognized in the Red River reservoir: dolomitized burrow infills and dolomitized host matrix. The spatial distribution of dolomite suggests that burrowing organisms played an important role in facilitating the fluid flow in the backfilled sediments. This resulted in penecontemporaneous dolomitization of burrow infills by normal seawater. The dolomite in the host matrix is interpreted as having occurred at shallow burial by evaporitic seawater during precipitation of Lake Almar anhydrite that immediately overlies the Yeoman Formation. However, the low δ18O values of dolomited burrow infills (-5.9‰～ -7.8‰, PDB) and matrix dolomites (-6.6‰～ -8.1‰, avg. -7.4‰ PDB) compared to the estimated values for the late Ordovician marine dolomite could be attributed to modification and alteration of dolomite at higher temperatures during deeper burial, which could also be responsible for its 87Sr/86Sr ratios (0.7084～0.7088) that are higher than suggested for the late Ordovician seawaters (0.7078～0.7080). The trace amounts of saddle dolomite cement in the Red River carbonates are probably related to "cannibalization" of earlier replacement dolomite during the chemical compaction.     

Design and analysis of generic LBS application developing platform

Location based services is promising due to its novel working style and contents.A software platform is proposed to provide application programs of typical location based services and support new applications developing efficiently. The analysis shows that this scheme is easy implemented, low cost and adapt to all kinds of mobile nework system.     

橡胶颗粒沥青混合料低温抗裂性试验研究

以AC-13级配为基础,将橡胶颗粒代替部分集料掺入混合料中,以低温弯曲试验为评价方法对不同橡胶颗粒掺量下沥青混合料的低温抗裂性进行研究,并引入应变能密度值对混合料的低温抗裂性进行综合评价.试验结果表明:橡胶颗粒沥青混合料试件的破坏微应变均超过2 300,满足冬寒区的技术指标;无论是否掺加橡胶颗粒,随着温度的下降,沥青混合料破坏时的最大弯拉强度增大,弯拉应变降低,劲度模量增大;弯曲应变能密度在胶粒掺量为1%左右时具有较大的弯曲应变能密度值,此时橡胶颗粒沥青混合料具有较好的低温抗裂性.     

A computer generator for randomly layered structures

AcomputergeneratorforrandomlylayeredstructuresYUJia shun1,2,HEZhen hua2(1.TheInstituteofGeologicalandNuclearSciences,NewZealand;2.StateKeyLaboratoryofOilandGasReservoirGeologyandExploitation,ChengduUniversityofTechnology,China)Abstract:Analgorithmisintrod…     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

Quantitative trait loci （QTLs） for quality traits related to protein and starch in wheat

Quality traits in wheat （Triticum aestirum L.） were studied by quantitative trait locus （QTL） analysis in a recombinant inbred line （RIL） population, a set of 131 lines derived from Chuan 35050 × Shannong 483 cross （ChSh）. Grains from RILs were assayed for 21 quality traits related to protein and starch. A total of 35 putative QTLs for 19 traits with a single QTL explaining 7.99-40.52% of phenotypic variations were detected on 10 chromosomes, 1D, 2A, 2D, 3B, 3D, 5A, 6A, 6B, 6D, and 7B. The additive effects of 30 QTLs were positive, contributed by Chuan 35050, the remaining 5 QTLs were negative with the additive effect contributed by Shannong 483. For protein traits, 15 QTLs were obtained and most of them were located on chromosomes 1 D, 3B and 6D, while 20 QTLs for starch traits were detected and most of them were located on chromosomes 3D, 6B and 7B. Only 7 QTLs for protein and starch traits were co-located in three regions on chromosomes 1D, 2A and 2D. These protein and starch trait QTLs showed a distinct distribution pattern in certain regions and chromosomes. Twenty-two QTLs were clustered in 6 regions of 5 chromosomes. Two QTL clusters for protein traits were located on chromosomes 1D and 3B, respectively, three clusters for starch traits on chromosomes 3D, 6B and 7B, and one cluster including protein and starch traits on chromosome 1D.     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.