结构系统中疲劳失效途径失效概率计算的二阶可靠性方法

针对结构系统疲劳可靠性分析中失效途径极限状态函数的非线性性质,提出用二阶可靠性方法（ＳＯＲＭ）计算疲劳失效途径的失效概率．文中介绍了疲劳失效途径的可靠性模型及结构系统二阶可靠性方法的基本原理,并通过例题说明了计算过程．计算结果表明,采用二阶可靠性方法可使失效概率的计算精度得到显著的改善．     

结构系统疲劳可靠性分析及其应用

结构系统疲劳可靠性分析及其应用邓洪洲，王肇民研究了结构系统疲劳可靠性分析方法．建立了结构系统疲劳可靠性分析模型，提出了求取结构系统疲劳主要失效模式的方法，并讨论了系统失效概率的计算等问题．最后以一海上平台为工程实际算例验证了文中算法的可行性及有效性．...     

铆接钢桥剩余寿命与使用安全评估方法

基于疲劳累积损伤和断裂力学理论，建立了能表征铆接钢桥疲劳破坏行为的确定性评估方法．进而基于铆接钢桥的疲劳随机损伤演化机理，针对铆接结构多破坏模式和铆接多成分、多构件的疲劳失效特点，建立了能反映铆接钢桥脆断和韧断疲劳破坏机制的构件概率疲劳模型和系统疲劳可靠性分析模型．基于Monte-Carlo算法，进行铆接钢桥构件和结构系统疲劳断裂失效概率的计算，并编制了用于铆接钢桥系统疲劳可靠性分析的大型程序系统．     

超静定结构系统疲劳可靠性分析的蒙特卡洛方法

研究了超静定结构系统疲劳失效的渐进性质,考虑到疲劳损伤的累积及疲劳破坏过程中载荷的重新分起,导出了系统破坏过程中的若干基本关系。在此基础上,建立了用蒙特卡洛方法模拟系统疲劳破坏的实际过程并计算整个结构系统疲劳失效概率的流程。进一步研究了采用重用性抽样技术提高抽样效率的问题。在例题中利用蒙特卡洛方法的计算结果对采用一阶可靠性方法分析的结果进行了检验。     

随机结构系统综合考虑静强度、刚度和疲劳的多失效模式的可靠性分析

在结构系统使用过程中, 将可能出现多种失效形式, 例如静载失效、疲劳失效和刚度等失效形式. 根据疲劳载荷造成的随机裂纹对结构极限应力和截面模量的影响, 给出了结构构件在裂纹扩展下的构件剩余抗力的表达形式, 分析了结构系统中每一个单元在静载和疲劳载荷作用下的失效形式, 并考虑了各失效模式之间的相关性对该单元可靠性的影响. 具体分析了结构系统在静载和疲劳载荷作用下的失效机理以及各失效模式之间的相关性, 给出了在静载和疲劳载荷作用下结构系统的可靠性分析方法. 结合数值算例对结构系统进行了综合考虑静强度、刚度和疲劳的可靠性分析, 表明在不同的使用年限内, 结构系统失效概率是不同的, 静载和疲劳载荷对结构系统可靠性的影响也是不同的; 该方法比只考虑单一因素(或静强度、或疲劳、或刚度等)下的结构系统可靠性分析更符合结构系统使用的真实情况.     

疲劳剩余寿命分布的当量关系及可靠性计算方法

疲劳剩余寿命分布的当量关系及可靠性计算方法谢里阳，林文强通过大量试验分析了两级载荷作用下疲劳寿命分布参数的变化规律，研究了非恒惕循环载有下的疲劳强度可靠性问题的特点及计算方法．与传统的只是根据＂失效概率等效＂计算各载荷水平下的当量载荷循环数的疲劳可靠...     

复合材料层合板的可靠性优化和鲁棒特征

采用遗传算法分析了存在初始缺陷的复合材料层合板的可靠性优化和鲁棒问题．单元层可靠性分析时，取初始缺陷、强度参数为随机变量，采用一阶矩法和Tsai—Wu准则分析每个单元层的失效概率．系统失效概率的计算基于首层失效假定，把系统看作为单元层的串联结构，系统中任何一个单元层的破坏就看作为系统的失效．在此基础上，对结构的可靠性优化和鲁棒特征进行了研究，分析了对称层合板的层数、可靠度和纤维方向角之间的关系，为结构设计提供参考．     

三维结构失效模式间相关性的研究

采用失效边界的等效线性化模型，基于三维随机有限元，对三维结构失效模式间相关性问题进行了研究。计算过程中，单元失效事件交集概率的计算采用逐步等效线性Ｊｏｈｎｓｏｎ求交法。在考虑失效模式间相关性时，计算了某一典型重力坝的体系可靠度。     

基于遗传算法的层合板结构的可靠性优化设计

采用遗传算法分析了存在初始缺陷的复合材料层合板的可靠性优化问题．优化设计时，以层合板结构的厚度最小为目标函数，以可靠度要求为约束条件．在可靠度分析中，取初始缺陷、强度参数、单元层的厚度为随机变量，采用一阶矩法和Tsai-Wu准则分析每个单元层的失效概率，系统失效概率的计算基于串联系统假定．通过比较遗传算法与序列二次规划法的计算结果，证实了遗传算法用于可靠性优化设计的有效性．     

一个与多个失效单元间相关系数的计算方法

在结构系统可靠度降维算法误差分析的基础上,针对降维计算中涉及的一个单元与多个单元间相关系数计算不准确问题展开研究。首先,将结构单元状态映射至标准正态空间,建立了状态矢量描述的单元失效模型。基于结构可靠性和概率论基本原理,分析了多单元联合失效时状态矢量的变化规律;然后,通过利用等效状态矢量描述多单元联合失效的方式,将一个单元与多单元间相关性分析问题,转化为一个单元状态矢量与多个单元等效状态矢量间夹角余弦的计算问题;根据单元间相关性及单元可靠性指标不同,分3种情况讨论了基于状态矢量计算一个与多个单元间相关系数的方法;最后,通过与蒙特卡洛模拟对比分析,讨论了该方法的精度及合理性。证明该方法合理有效,优于复相关原理,适用于结构系统可靠性分析,并能获得较理想的计算结果。     

Characterization of Ordovician carbonate reservoirs, southeastern Saskatchewan, Canada

The discovery of the prolific Ordovician Red River reservoirs in 1995 in southeastern Saskatchewan was the catalyst for extensive exploration activity which resulted in the discovery of more than 15 new Red River pools. The best yields of Red River production to date have been from dolomite reservoirs. Understanding the processes of dolomitization is, therefore, crucial for the prediction of the connectivity, spatial distribution and heterogeneity of dolomite reservoirs.The Red River reservoirs in the Midale area consist of 3～4 thin dolomitized zones, with a total thickness of about 20 m, which occur at the top of the Yeoman Formation. Two types of replacement dolomite were recognized in the Red River reservoir: dolomitized burrow infills and dolomitized host matrix. The spatial distribution of dolomite suggests that burrowing organisms played an important role in facilitating the fluid flow in the backfilled sediments. This resulted in penecontemporaneous dolomitization of burrow infills by normal seawater. The dolomite in the host matrix is interpreted as having occurred at shallow burial by evaporitic seawater during precipitation of Lake Almar anhydrite that immediately overlies the Yeoman Formation. However, the low δ18O values of dolomited burrow infills (-5.9‰～ -7.8‰, PDB) and matrix dolomites (-6.6‰～ -8.1‰, avg. -7.4‰ PDB) compared to the estimated values for the late Ordovician marine dolomite could be attributed to modification and alteration of dolomite at higher temperatures during deeper burial, which could also be responsible for its 87Sr/86Sr ratios (0.7084～0.7088) that are higher than suggested for the late Ordovician seawaters (0.7078～0.7080). The trace amounts of saddle dolomite cement in the Red River carbonates are probably related to "cannibalization" of earlier replacement dolomite during the chemical compaction.     

An Index mechanism for multi-scale view in spatial databases

There are numerous geometric objects stored in the spatial databases. An importance function in a spatial database is that users can browse the geometric objects as a map efficiently. Thus the spatial database should display the geometric objects users concern about swiftly onto the display window. This process includes two operations:retrieve data from database and then draw them onto screen. Accordingly, to improve the efficiency, we should try to reduce time of both retrieving object and displaying them. The former can be achieved with the aid of spatial index such as R-tree, the latter require to simplify the objects. Simplification means that objects are shown with sufficient but not with unnecessary detail which depend on the scale of browse. So the major problem is how to retrieve data at different detail level efficiently. This paper introduces the implementation of a multi-scale index in the spatial database SISP (Spatial Information Shared Platform) which is generalized from R-tree. The difference between the generalization and the R-tree lies on two facets: One is that every node and geometric object in the generalization is assigned with a importance value which denote the importance of them, and every vertex in the objects are assigned with a importance value,too. The importance value can be use to decide which data should be retrieve from disk in a query. The other difference is that geometric objects in the generalization are divided into one or more sub-blocks, and vertexes are total ordered by their importance value. With the help of the generalized R-tree, one can easily retrieve data at different detail levels.Some experiments are performed on real-life data to evaluate the performance of solutions that separately use normal spatial index and multi-scale spatial index. The results show that the solution using multi-scale index in SISP is satisfying.     

A computer generator for randomly layered structures

AcomputergeneratorforrandomlylayeredstructuresYUJia shun1,2,HEZhen hua2(1.TheInstituteofGeologicalandNuclearSciences,NewZealand;2.StateKeyLaboratoryofOilandGasReservoirGeologyandExploitation,ChengduUniversityofTechnology,China)Abstract:Analgorithmisintrod…     

海南岛地体及其毗邻陆缘晚中生代—新生代古地磁研究和构造演化

本文叙述了对海南岛及其毗邻大陆边缘白垩纪到第四纪地层岩石进行古地磁研究的全部工作过程。通过分析岩石中剩余磁矢量的磁偏角及磁倾角的变化,提出海南岛白垩纪以来经历的构造演化模式如下:早期伴随顺时针旋转而向南迁移,后期伴随逆时针转动并向北运移。联系该地区及邻区的地质、地球物理资料,对海南岛上述的构造地体运动提出以下认识:北部湾内早期有一拉张作用,主要是该作用使湾内地壳显著伸长减薄,形成北部湾盆地。从而导致了海南岛的早期构造运动,而海南岛后期的构造运动则主要是受南海海底扩张的影响。海南地体运动规律的阐明对于了解北部湾油气盆地的形成演化有重要的理论和实际意义。     

Exciton Seebeck in Molecular Systems

Various applications relevant to the exciton dynamics,such as the organic solar cell,the large-area organic light-emitting diodes and the thermoelectricity,are operating under temperature gradient.The potential abnormal behavior of the exicton dynamics driven by the temperature difference may affect the efficiency and performance of the corresponding devices.In the above situations,the exciton dynamics under temperature difference is mixed with     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

The elongation method,originally proposed by Imamura was further developed for many years in our group.As a method towards O(N)with high efficiency and high accuracy for any dimensional systems.This treatment designed for one-dimensional(ID)polymers is now available for three-dimensional(3D)systems,but geometry optimization is now possible only for 1D-systems.As an approach toward post-Hartree-Fock,it was also extended to     

《Chinese Science Bulletin》SUBJECT INDEX TO VOLUME 59(2014)

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An on-line scaling method for improving scalability of a database cluster

The explosive growth of the Internet and database applications has driven database to be more scalable and available, and able to support on-line scaling without interrupting service. To support more client's queries without downtime and degrading the response time, more nodes have to be scaled up while the database is running. This paper presents the overview of scalable and available database that satisfies the above characteristics. And we propose a novel on-line scaling method. Our method improves the existing on-line scaling method for fast response time and higher throughputs. Our proposed method reduces unnecessary network use, i.e. , we decrease the number of data copy by reusing the backup data. Also, our on-line scaling operation can be processed parallel by selecting adequate nodes as new node. Our performance study shows that our method results in significant reduction in data copy time.     

An improved R-tree based on childnode''s probability

R-Tree is a good structure for spatial searching. But in this indexing structure,either the sequence of nodes in the same level or sequence of traveling these nodes when queries are made is random. Since the possibility that the object appears in different MBR which have the same parents node is different, if we make the subnode who has the most possibility be traveled first, the time cost will be decreased in most of the cases. In some case, the possibility of a point belong to a rectangle will shows direct proportion with the size of the rectangle. But this conclusion is based on an assumption that the objects are symmetrically distributing in the area and this assumption is not always coming into existence. Now we found a more direct parameter to scale the possibility and made a little change on the structure of R-tree, to increase the possibility of founding the satisfying answer in the front sub trees. We names this structure probability based arranged R-tree (PBAR-tree).     

Integrating GIS Web services based on mediating architecture

The geographic information service is enabled by the advancements in general Web service technology and the focused efforts of the OGC in defining XML-based Web GIS service. Based on these models, this paper addresses the issue of services chaining,the process of combining or pipelining results from several interoperable GIS Web Services to create a customized solution. This paper presents a mediated chaining architecture in which a specific service takes responsibility for performing the process that describes a service chain. We designed the Spatial Information Process Language (SIPL) for dynamic modeling and describing the service chain, also a prototype of the Spatial Information Process Execution Engine (SIPEE) is implemented for executing processes written in SIPL. Discussion of measures to improve the functionality and performance of such system will be included.