胺类萃取机理的研究(Ⅲ)——三辛胺萃取硝酸的机理

长碳链的脂肪胺从硝酸溶液中萃取铀、钍、钚和其他金属离子的研究工作很多,但在萃取机理方面目前尚不很清楚.前两文中已经较系统地探讨了三一正十二胺萃取铀和钍的机理.为了进一步研究在硝酸体系中胺类萃取机理,看来还需要对胺类萃取硝酸的机理进行深入的探讨.卡斯韦尔((Carswell)和劳伦斯(Lawrance)曾经在研究三辛胺萃取钍的工作中指出,三异辛胺(TIOA)的苯溶液对硝酸的萃取是随着水相硝酸浓度的增加而增加.接着谢夫钦柯(?)等和曼绍夫(?)等研究了三正辛胺(TNOA)及二辛胺萃取硝酸的机     

7801缓蚀剂在酸性介质中缓蚀机理的研究

采用ＨＭＯ计算法、红外光谱分析法、电化学测试法探讨了７８０１缓蚀剂及其主要成分酮胺醛缩合物的性能和结构。提出了酮胺醛缩合物分子在金属铁表面上形成稳定的多元（５￣６元）环络合体的结构。这种多元环络合体膜具有良好的耐高温酸液腐蚀的性能。酮胺醛缩合物在酸液中对金属的缓蚀能力比它的原料苯乙酮或苯胺的缓蚀能力大大提高。实验证明，酮胺醛缩合物和７８０１缓蚀剂能够在金属表面上形成一种完整致密的保护膜。     

HPLC法同时测定不同采收期江枳壳中辛弗林和N-甲基酪胺的含量

目的采用HPLC法同时测定不同采收期江枳壳中辛弗林和N-甲基酪胺的含量,考察不同采收期江枳壳中上述两种生物碱含量的变化。方法采用高效液相色谱法。结果辛弗林与N-甲基酪胺分别在1.09~5.45μg(R2=0.9997),0.18~0.90μg(R2=0.9999)范围内呈良好的线性关系;其平均回收率(n=6)分别为102.30%和98.07%,RSD分别为2.12%和2.20%;江枳壳样品中辛弗林和N-甲基酪胺的含量分别在0.07%~0.43%和0%~0.06%的范围内。结论辛弗林含量随采收期的推迟而降低,N-甲基酪胺在当年7月份以后检测不到含量。该方法简便、准确、灵敏度高,可用于辛弗林和N-甲基酪胺的含量测定。     

二乙醇胺衍生物对纤维素原增塑作用

以Ｎ－Ｎ－双（２－羟乙基）正丁胺，正己胺，正庚胺和正辛胺作为再生纤维素原增塑剂，用红外光谱，差热分析了以及力学性能测量研究了增塑后膜的结构与性能。实验表明，这４种二乙醇胺衍生物对纤维膜具有较好的增塑作用，并且随碳原子数的增加，增塑效果下降，但增塑剂与纤维素分子间相互作用增强。     

己二醇的清洁催化氧化合成

报道了己二酸的清洁合成方法 .采用 2 7.5 %过氧化氢为氧化剂以及烷基胺硫酸盐为相转移剂 ,Na2 WO4 ·2H2 O可催化氧化环己烯制备己二酸 .试验结果表明 ,在回流温度下十二胺硫酸盐和三正辛胺硫酸盐可作为该反应有效的相转移剂 ;工业品的十二叔胺硫酸盐和十八叔胺硫酸盐的相转移效果低于十二胺硫酸盐和三正辛胺硫酸盐 ;反应结束后得到的均相溶液在 5℃下静置 12h ,过滤晶体产物并在空气中干燥后得到高纯度的己二酸     

4—（N,N—二正丁基）—胺甲基吗啉的合成及其气相缓蚀性能

通过Ｍａｎｎｉｃｈ反应合成４－（Ｎ,Ｎ－二正丁基）－胺甲基吗啉（ＤＢＭ）,用红外光谱和氢核磁共振谱表征了结构,模拟缓蚀剂实际使用状况评价了其缓蚀性能,采用模拟大气了腐蚀状态的电化学测试技术研究其缓蚀机理,结果表明它是一种性能优良的适用于钢铁的气相缓蚀剂。     

三辛胺萃取酸过程的稀释剂效应

研究了三辛胺萃取酸过程的机理,得到三辛胺与强酸生成离子缔合型萃合物,与弱酸生成分子型萃合物。对强酸需要克服水化作用,其萃取能力小于弱酸,其分配比与酸根离子的离子势有关。萃取弱酸时,分配比与酸分子的大小和性质有关。萃取弱酸的稀释剂效应显著,可使分配比提高30～70倍。三辛胺对羧酸的萃取能力取决于萃合物与稀释剂的相互作用能力及其在稀释剂中的疏溶作用,相互作用能力越强,疏溶作用越弱,越有利于萃取。     

N—烃基—α—氨基苄基膦酸的合成及对钢铁的缓蚀性…

应用苯甲醛及其衍生物与胺、亚磷酸一步合成出Ｎ－烃基－α－氨基苄基膦酸，并研究了它们对Ａ３钢在碱性介拮的缓蚀作用，试验表明，苯甲醛及其衍生物胺、亚磷酸一步合成膦酸是可行的；Ｎ－烃基－α－氨基苄基膦酸在ＰＨ８或ＰＨ１２介质的水溶液中对Ａ３钢有较好的缓蚀作用。     

液晶彩色显示用负性蒽醌型二色性染料的合成

用1-氨基蒽醌、1,4-二氨基蒽醌、1,5-二氨基蒽醌、1,5-二氨基-4,8-二羟基蒽醌与对烷氧基苯甲酰氯反应,合成了17个对-(烷氧基苯甲酰胺基)蒽醌型负性的二色性染料。用1,5-二氯蒽醌、1,4,5,8-四氯蒽醌与正辛胺、正壬胺反应,合成了3个烷氨基蒽醌型负性的二色性染料。其中有14个是新的化合物。同时测定了染料分子在液晶中的有序参数,讨论了负的二色性染料结构的特点。     

以三正辛胺为载体的微乳液分离钼(Ⅵ)的研究

研究了以三正辛胺(TOA)为载体,由OP-10、异戊醇、环己烷和NaOH水溶液组成的微乳液分离钼(Ⅵ)的行为及机理.当膜相中三正辛胺浓度为0.03 mol/L,内相NaOH的浓度为0.03 mol/L,外相HCl的浓度为0.01 mol/L,可使钼(Ⅵ)的萃取率达98%以上.在该条件下,可使钼(Ⅵ)与Fe(Ⅲ)、Co(Ⅱ)、Ni(Ⅱ)、Zn(Ⅱ)、Mn(Ⅱ)、Cd(Ⅱ)、Cu(Ⅱ)、Pb(Ⅱ)完全分离.     

Characterization of Ordovician carbonate reservoirs, southeastern Saskatchewan, Canada

The discovery of the prolific Ordovician Red River reservoirs in 1995 in southeastern Saskatchewan was the catalyst for extensive exploration activity which resulted in the discovery of more than 15 new Red River pools. The best yields of Red River production to date have been from dolomite reservoirs. Understanding the processes of dolomitization is, therefore, crucial for the prediction of the connectivity, spatial distribution and heterogeneity of dolomite reservoirs.The Red River reservoirs in the Midale area consist of 3～4 thin dolomitized zones, with a total thickness of about 20 m, which occur at the top of the Yeoman Formation. Two types of replacement dolomite were recognized in the Red River reservoir: dolomitized burrow infills and dolomitized host matrix. The spatial distribution of dolomite suggests that burrowing organisms played an important role in facilitating the fluid flow in the backfilled sediments. This resulted in penecontemporaneous dolomitization of burrow infills by normal seawater. The dolomite in the host matrix is interpreted as having occurred at shallow burial by evaporitic seawater during precipitation of Lake Almar anhydrite that immediately overlies the Yeoman Formation. However, the low δ18O values of dolomited burrow infills (-5.9‰～ -7.8‰, PDB) and matrix dolomites (-6.6‰～ -8.1‰, avg. -7.4‰ PDB) compared to the estimated values for the late Ordovician marine dolomite could be attributed to modification and alteration of dolomite at higher temperatures during deeper burial, which could also be responsible for its 87Sr/86Sr ratios (0.7084～0.7088) that are higher than suggested for the late Ordovician seawaters (0.7078～0.7080). The trace amounts of saddle dolomite cement in the Red River carbonates are probably related to "cannibalization" of earlier replacement dolomite during the chemical compaction.     

A computer generator for randomly layered structures

AcomputergeneratorforrandomlylayeredstructuresYUJia shun1,2,HEZhen hua2(1.TheInstituteofGeologicalandNuclearSciences,NewZealand;2.StateKeyLaboratoryofOilandGasReservoirGeologyandExploitation,ChengduUniversityofTechnology,China)Abstract:Analgorithmisintrod…     

海南岛地体及其毗邻陆缘晚中生代—新生代古地磁研究和构造演化

本文叙述了对海南岛及其毗邻大陆边缘白垩纪到第四纪地层岩石进行古地磁研究的全部工作过程。通过分析岩石中剩余磁矢量的磁偏角及磁倾角的变化,提出海南岛白垩纪以来经历的构造演化模式如下:早期伴随顺时针旋转而向南迁移,后期伴随逆时针转动并向北运移。联系该地区及邻区的地质、地球物理资料,对海南岛上述的构造地体运动提出以下认识:北部湾内早期有一拉张作用,主要是该作用使湾内地壳显著伸长减薄,形成北部湾盆地。从而导致了海南岛的早期构造运动,而海南岛后期的构造运动则主要是受南海海底扩张的影响。海南地体运动规律的阐明对于了解北部湾油气盆地的形成演化有重要的理论和实际意义。     

Exciton Seebeck in Molecular Systems

Various applications relevant to the exciton dynamics,such as the organic solar cell,the large-area organic light-emitting diodes and the thermoelectricity,are operating under temperature gradient.The potential abnormal behavior of the exicton dynamics driven by the temperature difference may affect the efficiency and performance of the corresponding devices.In the above situations,the exciton dynamics under temperature difference is mixed with     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

The elongation method,originally proposed by Imamura was further developed for many years in our group.As a method towards O(N)with high efficiency and high accuracy for any dimensional systems.This treatment designed for one-dimensional(ID)polymers is now available for three-dimensional(3D)systems,but geometry optimization is now possible only for 1D-systems.As an approach toward post-Hartree-Fock,it was also extended to     

《Chinese Science Bulletin》SUBJECT INDEX TO VOLUME 59(2014)

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An on-line scaling method for improving scalability of a database cluster

The explosive growth of the Internet and database applications has driven database to be more scalable and available, and able to support on-line scaling without interrupting service. To support more client's queries without downtime and degrading the response time, more nodes have to be scaled up while the database is running. This paper presents the overview of scalable and available database that satisfies the above characteristics. And we propose a novel on-line scaling method. Our method improves the existing on-line scaling method for fast response time and higher throughputs. Our proposed method reduces unnecessary network use, i.e. , we decrease the number of data copy by reusing the backup data. Also, our on-line scaling operation can be processed parallel by selecting adequate nodes as new node. Our performance study shows that our method results in significant reduction in data copy time.     

An improved R-tree based on childnode''s probability

R-Tree is a good structure for spatial searching. But in this indexing structure,either the sequence of nodes in the same level or sequence of traveling these nodes when queries are made is random. Since the possibility that the object appears in different MBR which have the same parents node is different, if we make the subnode who has the most possibility be traveled first, the time cost will be decreased in most of the cases. In some case, the possibility of a point belong to a rectangle will shows direct proportion with the size of the rectangle. But this conclusion is based on an assumption that the objects are symmetrically distributing in the area and this assumption is not always coming into existence. Now we found a more direct parameter to scale the possibility and made a little change on the structure of R-tree, to increase the possibility of founding the satisfying answer in the front sub trees. We names this structure probability based arranged R-tree (PBAR-tree).     

Integrating GIS Web services based on mediating architecture

The geographic information service is enabled by the advancements in general Web service technology and the focused efforts of the OGC in defining XML-based Web GIS service. Based on these models, this paper addresses the issue of services chaining,the process of combining or pipelining results from several interoperable GIS Web Services to create a customized solution. This paper presents a mediated chaining architecture in which a specific service takes responsibility for performing the process that describes a service chain. We designed the Spatial Information Process Language (SIPL) for dynamic modeling and describing the service chain, also a prototype of the Spatial Information Process Execution Engine (SIPEE) is implemented for executing processes written in SIPL. Discussion of measures to improve the functionality and performance of such system will be included.     

Tracking data management using topology of moving object database system for moving object constrained trajectory in LBS application

Advances in wireless technologies and positioning technologies and spread of wireless devices, an interest in LBS (Location Based Service) is arising. To provide location based service, tracking data should have been stored in moving object database management system (called MODBMS) with proper policies and managed efficiently. So the methods which acquire the location information at regular time intervals then, store and manage have been studied. In this paper, we suggest tracking data management techniques using topology that is corresponding to the moving path of moving object. In our techniques, we update the MODBMS when moving object arrived at a street intersection or a curved road which is represented as the node in topology and predict the location at past and future with attribute of topology and linear function. In this technique, location data that are corresponding to the node in topology are stored, thus reduce the number of update and amount of data. Also in case predicting the location,because topology are used as well as existing location information, accuracy for prediction is increased than applying linear function or spline function.