发酵方竹笋对蒙脱石散诱导便秘的预防效果研究

通过动物实验对发酵方竹笋对蒙脱石散诱导小鼠便秘的预防效果进行了研究.建立便秘动物模型,观察饲喂发酵方竹笋对便秘小鼠的影响.结果显示发酵方竹笋喂养组小鼠的体质量变化接近正常小鼠,高于对照组小鼠.发酵方竹笋喂养组小鼠排出首粒黑便的时间(104min)低于对照组(185min)和未发酵方竹笋喂养组(122min),高于正常组(68min)和比沙可啶治疗组(90min).活性炭在发酵方竹笋喂养组小鼠(68.7%)小肠中的推进率也高于对照组(38.3%)和未发酵方竹笋喂养组(50.4%),低于正常组(98.3%)和比沙可啶治疗组(79.3%).发酵方竹笋喂养组小鼠血清的胃动素(MTL)、内皮素-1(ET-1)、血管活性肠肽(VIP)和乙酰胆碱酯酶(AchE)水平也显著高于对照组和方竹笋喂养组,低于正常组和比沙可啶治疗组.通过显微镜观察发现,发酵方竹笋纤维品质比未发酵方竹笋更好,有利于预防便秘.发酵方竹笋是一种具有良好抑制便秘作用的健康食品.     

一种新的小鼠肠道传输功能的检测方法

目的探讨硫酸钡灌胃法在小鼠肠道传输功能检测中的应用。方法通过硫酸钡和活性炭小鼠灌胃的方法,对正常和便秘小鼠进行小肠推动率、粪便排出量、首粒大便排出时间的观察。结果用硫酸钡灌胃法检测正常和便秘小鼠肠道传输功能,可客观地反映小鼠不同生理状态下小肠推动率、首粒大便排出时间和排便量。结论硫酸钡灌胃法可作为小鼠肠动力学实验研究的一种新的检测方法。     

蕨菜水提物对便秘小鼠的治疗作用

以硫糖铝致小鼠便秘为动物模型,常用临床药物福松（1.3 g/kg）处理为阳性对照,用小鼠排便和肠推进等试验方法探讨不同剂量（20,40,60 g/kg）的蕨菜水提物对便秘小鼠肠道蠕动能力的影响.试验结果表明,不同剂量的蕨菜水提物对便秘小鼠的小肠内容物推进率、首粒排便时间、粪便性状、4 h内排便粒数及其质量的影响均明显大于阴性;与阳性对照组对比,中剂量蕨菜水提物处理组在首粒排便时间、4 h内排便粒数及其质量等方面无明显差距,而高剂量蕨菜水提物处理组在首粒排便时间（（17.200 0±3.938 4）min）明显早于阳性组（（26.800 0±3.881 6）min）;在小肠内容物推进率方面,中、低剂量蕨菜水提物处理组（（34.000 5±6.057 5）%,（31.529 8±4.204 8）%）明显低于阳性组,而高剂量蕨菜水提物处理组（（41.948 1±4.219 4）%）与阳性组（（43.057 9±6.308 4）%）对比无显著差异.     

雪莲果提取物对大鼠胃肠道功能的调节作用

为探讨雪莲果提取物对胃肠道功能的影响,以胃肠道功能紊乱大鼠为实验对象,给予不同浓度雪莲果提取物。2周后,雪莲果提取物大剂量组、小剂量组大鼠小肠推进率明显提高,双歧杆菌和乳酸杆菌的数量有明显增加,而大肠杆菌的数量显著减少,首粒黑便时间缩短、排便粒数增加、粪便重量增重,与模型对照组相比,均有显著差异(P0.01)。其中,雪莲果提取物大剂量组与西药对照组相比,小肠推进率、首粒黑便时间、排便粒数、粪便重量亦有明显差异(P0.05),雪莲果提取物大剂量组、小剂量组与西药对照组相比,双歧杆菌和乳酸杆菌、大肠杆菌的数量也有显著差异(P0.01)。结果显示:雪莲果提取物有辅助治疗胃肠道功能紊乱的功效。     

黄连花薹润肠通便功能研究

采用动物实验对不同剂量（500、1000、2000mg·kg^-1）的黄连花薹提取物对小鼠便秘模型的通便效果进行观察,发现在不影响小鼠正常生长的情况下,黄连花薹中高剂量组能够显著缩短首便时间,增加黑便数量和质量,增加墨汁推进率,说明黄连花薹具有润肠通便的功能。     

肃肺润肠汤对大鼠药物依赖性便秘肠道传输功能的影响

目的探讨中药复方肃肺润肠汤对大鼠药物依赖性便秘的影响。方法清洁级SD大鼠30只,随机分为对照组(n=10)、模型组(n=10)和治疗组(n=10)。除对照组外,模型及治疗组用限水不禁食的方法造成大鼠便秘,继给各组大鼠用大黄行灌胃治疗,如此反复多次,使大鼠形成药物依赖性便秘,在此基础上,大鼠治疗组给予肃肺润肠汤灌胃,以观察该中药复方对该疾病模型大鼠的作用。肠道传输功能的观察指标:单位时间粪便排出量、首粒大便排出时间、硫酸钡小肠推进率;并用上述观察指标进行给中药复方前后的比较。对照组给予蒸馏水灌胃。结果⑴模型组比对照组单位时间粪便排出量少、质硬,肠道的传输功能减慢,差异有显著性(P<0.05);⑵对照组大鼠则无任何特殊表现;⑶治疗组经喂药治疗后一般情况较好,肠道的传输功能接近对照组,差异无显著性(P>0.05)。结论肃肺润肠汤可以促进胃肠蠕动,改善药物依赖性便秘大鼠肠道的传输功能。     

大鼠药物依赖性便秘模型的制作

目的建立一种大鼠药物依赖性便秘的动物模型。方法不禁食,限水,致大鼠形成便秘;然后用大黄,酚酞灌胃给予治疗,起始剂量每天20 mg/100 g/d,按每天20 mg/100 g/d递增;大鼠对药物产生依赖后,再逐渐停止限水,大黄最终用量320 mg/100 g/d,酚酞最终用量420 mg/100 g/d,再维持此剂量不变饲养三个月。观察实验动物大鼠肠道的传输功能:粪便排出量,粪便的干重,首粒大便排出时间,大便内酚红含量,大便中红色塑料小球排出情况,小肠推动率。结果与正常对照组比较,各模型组小肠推动率减慢,首粒大便排出时间长,排便量少,大便内酚红含量减少。结论成功地建立了一种大鼠药物依赖性便秘的动物模型,该模型简单经济,可重复性强。     

爵床提取物抗炎镇痛作用的实验研究

目的探讨爵床提取物的抗炎镇痛作用。方法采用致炎剂二甲苯引起小鼠耳肿胀、新鲜蛋清引起大鼠足跖肿胀2种急性炎症模型以及棉球引起大鼠肉芽肿慢性炎症模型,研究爵床提取物灌胃给药对急慢性炎症的作用。采用热板法、醋酸扭体法和甲醛法致痛,研究爵床提取物灌胃给药的镇痛作用。结果与纯化水对照组相比,爵床醇提取物和水提取物高、低剂量组对致炎剂二甲苯所引起的小鼠耳廓肿胀抑制显著(P 0. 01,P 0. 05),对蛋清所引起的大鼠足跖肿胀抑制显著(P 0. 01),对大鼠棉球肉芽肿抑制显著(P 0. 01)。爵床醇提取物和水提取物高、低剂量组给药后对热板所引起的小鼠痛阈值明显提高,与纯化水对照组和自身给药前比较差异明显(P 0. 01,P 0. 05);爵床醇提取物和水提取物高、低剂量组对致痛剂醋酸所引起的小鼠扭体反应次数明显减少,也明显抑制甲醛所引起的早期(0～5 min)和晚期(15～30 min)小鼠足痛反应,与纯化水对照组比较差异显著(P 0. 01)。爵床醇提取物的抗炎镇痛作用比水提取物强(P 0. 01,P 0. 05)。结论爵床提取物灌胃给药具有一定抗炎、镇痛作用,且醇提取物强于水提取物。     

绿茶对小鼠通便作用的研究

目的探讨绿茶的通便作角。方法分别经口给予小鼠835、1670、3340mg/kg BW剂量的绿茶连续8d,检测小鼠的小肠推进、首便时间、粪便粒数和重量。结果绿茶能明显促进便秘小鼠的小肠推进运动,缩短便秘小鼠的首便时间,并增加其所排粪便的粒数和重量。结论绿茶对小鼠具有通便作用。     

斑唇马先蒿提取物抗运动性疲劳的体内活性研究

以人参提取物作为阳性对照,采用小鼠游泳训练疲劳模型来探讨斑唇马先蒿提取物高、中、低剂量组对力竭小鼠的抗运动性疲劳作用.研究结果表明:(1)斑唇马先蒿提取物高、中、低剂量组对小鼠的力竭游泳时间均有显著提高,时长为中剂量组低剂量组高剂量组;斑唇马先蒿提取物高、中、低剂量组在提高小鼠力竭游泳时长上均优于阳性对照组的作用效果,以中剂量组效果最佳(P0.05).(2)斑唇马先蒿提取物高、中、低剂量组对力竭游泳小鼠的体重增长有促进作用,作用效果为中剂量组低剂量组高剂量组;斑唇马先蒿提取物高、中、低剂量组在促进小鼠体重增长上均明显优于阳性对照组,且中剂量组效果最佳(P0.05).⑶斑唇马先蒿提取物中剂量组、低剂量组和高剂量组对力竭游泳小鼠的红细胞数目(RBC)和血红蛋白含量(HGB)以及红细胞压积(HCT)的作用效果依次增强;斑唇马先蒿高、中、低剂量组对比阳性对照组在小鼠RBC、HGB以及HCT增长上对比阳性对照组均具有明显的优越性(P0.05).因此,本研究认为斑唇马先蒿提取物具有较显著的抗运动性疲劳作用.     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Lower Paleozoic oil relationships within Williston Basin, Canada

The Williston Basin is a significant petroleum province, containing oil production zones that include the Middle Cambrian to Lower Ordovician, Upper Ordovician, Middle Devonian, Upper Devonian and Mississippian and within the Jurassic and Cretaceous. The oils of the Williston Basin exhibit a wide range of geochemical characteristics defined as "oil families", although the geochemical signature of the Cambrian Deadwood Formation and Lower Ordovician Winnipeg reservoired oils does not match any "oil family". Despite their close stratigraphic proximity, it is evident that the oils of the Lower Palaeozoic within the Williston Basin are distinct. This suggests the presence of a new "oil family" within the Williston Basin. Diagnostic geochemical signatures occur in the gasoline range chromatograms, within saturate fraction gas chromatograms and biomarker fingerprints. However, some of the established criteria and cross-plots that are currently used to segregate oils into distinct genetic families within the basin do not always meet with success, particularly when applied to the Lower Palaeozoic oils of the Deadwood and Winnipeg Formation.     

An Analysis of Catherine＇s Character——Wuthering Heights

Wuthering Heights, Emily Bronte＇s only novel, was published in December of 1847 under the pseudonym Ellis Bell. The book did not gain immediate success, but it is now thought one of the finest novels in the English language. Catherine is the key character of this masterpiece, because everybody and everything center on her though she had a short life. We can understand this masterpiece better if we know Catherine well.     

Characterization of Ordovician carbonate reservoirs, southeastern Saskatchewan, Canada

The discovery of the prolific Ordovician Red River reservoirs in 1995 in southeastern Saskatchewan was the catalyst for extensive exploration activity which resulted in the discovery of more than 15 new Red River pools. The best yields of Red River production to date have been from dolomite reservoirs. Understanding the processes of dolomitization is, therefore, crucial for the prediction of the connectivity, spatial distribution and heterogeneity of dolomite reservoirs.The Red River reservoirs in the Midale area consist of 3～4 thin dolomitized zones, with a total thickness of about 20 m, which occur at the top of the Yeoman Formation. Two types of replacement dolomite were recognized in the Red River reservoir: dolomitized burrow infills and dolomitized host matrix. The spatial distribution of dolomite suggests that burrowing organisms played an important role in facilitating the fluid flow in the backfilled sediments. This resulted in penecontemporaneous dolomitization of burrow infills by normal seawater. The dolomite in the host matrix is interpreted as having occurred at shallow burial by evaporitic seawater during precipitation of Lake Almar anhydrite that immediately overlies the Yeoman Formation. However, the low δ18O values of dolomited burrow infills (-5.9‰～ -7.8‰, PDB) and matrix dolomites (-6.6‰～ -8.1‰, avg. -7.4‰ PDB) compared to the estimated values for the late Ordovician marine dolomite could be attributed to modification and alteration of dolomite at higher temperatures during deeper burial, which could also be responsible for its 87Sr/86Sr ratios (0.7084～0.7088) that are higher than suggested for the late Ordovician seawaters (0.7078～0.7080). The trace amounts of saddle dolomite cement in the Red River carbonates are probably related to "cannibalization" of earlier replacement dolomite during the chemical compaction.     

Design and analysis of generic LBS application developing platform

Location based services is promising due to its novel working style and contents.A software platform is proposed to provide application programs of typical location based services and support new applications developing efficiently. The analysis shows that this scheme is easy implemented, low cost and adapt to all kinds of mobile nework system.     

橡胶颗粒沥青混合料低温抗裂性试验研究

以AC-13级配为基础,将橡胶颗粒代替部分集料掺入混合料中,以低温弯曲试验为评价方法对不同橡胶颗粒掺量下沥青混合料的低温抗裂性进行研究,并引入应变能密度值对混合料的低温抗裂性进行综合评价.试验结果表明:橡胶颗粒沥青混合料试件的破坏微应变均超过2 300,满足冬寒区的技术指标;无论是否掺加橡胶颗粒,随着温度的下降,沥青混合料破坏时的最大弯拉强度增大,弯拉应变降低,劲度模量增大;弯曲应变能密度在胶粒掺量为1%左右时具有较大的弯曲应变能密度值,此时橡胶颗粒沥青混合料具有较好的低温抗裂性.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

Quantitative trait loci （QTLs） for quality traits related to protein and starch in wheat

Quality traits in wheat （Triticum aestirum L.） were studied by quantitative trait locus （QTL） analysis in a recombinant inbred line （RIL） population, a set of 131 lines derived from Chuan 35050 × Shannong 483 cross （ChSh）. Grains from RILs were assayed for 21 quality traits related to protein and starch. A total of 35 putative QTLs for 19 traits with a single QTL explaining 7.99-40.52% of phenotypic variations were detected on 10 chromosomes, 1D, 2A, 2D, 3B, 3D, 5A, 6A, 6B, 6D, and 7B. The additive effects of 30 QTLs were positive, contributed by Chuan 35050, the remaining 5 QTLs were negative with the additive effect contributed by Shannong 483. For protein traits, 15 QTLs were obtained and most of them were located on chromosomes 1 D, 3B and 6D, while 20 QTLs for starch traits were detected and most of them were located on chromosomes 3D, 6B and 7B. Only 7 QTLs for protein and starch traits were co-located in three regions on chromosomes 1D, 2A and 2D. These protein and starch trait QTLs showed a distinct distribution pattern in certain regions and chromosomes. Twenty-two QTLs were clustered in 6 regions of 5 chromosomes. Two QTL clusters for protein traits were located on chromosomes 1D and 3B, respectively, three clusters for starch traits on chromosomes 3D, 6B and 7B, and one cluster including protein and starch traits on chromosome 1D.     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

The Analects and the Moment in Peking——The influence of a Confucian education system on the personality formation,the way of thinking and the fate of the main characters

0.Preface China has long been boasting of its colorful and immense culture which comprises of Taoism,Confucianism and Buddhism.The interwoven influence among the religions on Chinese way of thinking,on the nation＇s behavior in their social life throughout the long history is beyond list.