梯形修正公式及其余项“中间点”的渐近性

给出了一种带端点导数的梯形修正公式,并给出了该公式的截断误差。分析了相应的复化求积公式的收敛阶,其收敛阶比复化梯形法提高了2阶;并通过对梯形修正公式余项的研究。讨论了该求积公式余项中间点的渐近性,使求积公式的代数精度得到进一步提高。     

高精度数值求积公式的构造

构造了一类求积公式,此类求积公式只需计算节点上的函数值,避免计算导数值,它比复化梯形公式的计算量小,但收敛阶却大大的提高了.利用这类积分公式进行计算可以得到十分精确的结果.     

二维弱奇异积分高精度数值求积公式的构造

在欧拉—麦克劳林展开式和一维弱奇异积分的求积公式的基础上,推导出了二维弱奇异积分的求积公式及其误差的渐进展开式.此类求积公式只需赋值,不需计算二重积分,故计算量小.利用这类积分公式进行计算可以得到十分精确的结果,使得收敛阶大为提高,为讨论更为复杂地多维弱奇异积分方程奠定了基础.     

多元求积公式在布朗片测度下的平均误差

讨论了基于Chebyshev节点的多元Lagrange求积公式在布朗片测度下的平均误差,得到了相应量的强渐近阶.在多元情形下,构造性地建立了平均框架下有关数值求积公式的误差分析,提出的算法更加简单适用,且具有一定的收敛速度.     

奇异积分的最小二乘求积公式

引进最小二乘多项式簇｛ Ｑｎ（ｘ）｝ ，由Ｑｎ（ｘ） 的零点出发作插值多项式，得到了奇异积分的一类求积公式，它的特殊形式为Ｇａｕｓｓ 型求积公式．     

数值积分加速定理

Ｒｉｃｈａｒｄｓｏｎ外推法或Ｒｏｍｂｅｒｇ求积方法只能以梯形公式为基础对求积进行加速。本文给出的数值积分加速定理，不但可使梯形公式得到加速，而且可使更多的求积方法得到加速。因而，本文定理具有范围广泛得多的适用性。     

基于一致系数求积的广义牛顿法求解非线性方程组

采用一致系数求积公式近似逼近泰勒余项,得到一种新的求解非线性方程组的广义牛顿法.给出算法的一般形式,证明算法是三阶收敛的,并且在一定的温和条件下可以达到五阶收敛.最后,给出数值例子说明算法的有效性和稳定性.     

一类边界积分方程的高精度机械求积法

提出了解非线性边值问题的边界积分方程的高精度机械求积法，积分算子被分解成单调的Hammerstein算子和一个紧算子后，运用Sidi求积公式，建立了非线性离散方程组，并借助Anselone的渐近紧收敛理论和Stepleman定理，证明了离散方程组的解存在性、惟一性、收敛性和精度阶O(h^3)，使用Ostrowski的不动点定理，提供了三阶收敛的迭代法，数值试验说明了该方法的可靠性。     

算子矩阵法求高阶弱奇异积分微分方程数值解

利用Legendre多项式的定义和性质,给出Legendre多项式微分算子矩阵,得到任意阶弱奇异积分的近似求积公式,并将原方程转换为代数方程.收敛性分析说明该方法是收敛的,数值算例验证了该方法的有效性和理论分析的正确性.     

一类Grunwald插值算子及其应用

本文考虑了基于∏_n(x)=(1-x~2)P_(n-1)(x)(P_(n-1)(x)为n-1次Legendre多项式)的零点的Grunwald插值算子,给出了它对f∈C〔-1,1〕的逼近阶的估计,证明了它在L~1〔-1,1〕上收敛于f∈C〔-1,1〕,最后利用它,得到了一个精度实质上与Lobattb求积公式一样的求积公式。     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Characterization of Ordovician carbonate reservoirs, southeastern Saskatchewan, Canada

The discovery of the prolific Ordovician Red River reservoirs in 1995 in southeastern Saskatchewan was the catalyst for extensive exploration activity which resulted in the discovery of more than 15 new Red River pools. The best yields of Red River production to date have been from dolomite reservoirs. Understanding the processes of dolomitization is, therefore, crucial for the prediction of the connectivity, spatial distribution and heterogeneity of dolomite reservoirs.The Red River reservoirs in the Midale area consist of 3～4 thin dolomitized zones, with a total thickness of about 20 m, which occur at the top of the Yeoman Formation. Two types of replacement dolomite were recognized in the Red River reservoir: dolomitized burrow infills and dolomitized host matrix. The spatial distribution of dolomite suggests that burrowing organisms played an important role in facilitating the fluid flow in the backfilled sediments. This resulted in penecontemporaneous dolomitization of burrow infills by normal seawater. The dolomite in the host matrix is interpreted as having occurred at shallow burial by evaporitic seawater during precipitation of Lake Almar anhydrite that immediately overlies the Yeoman Formation. However, the low δ18O values of dolomited burrow infills (-5.9‰～ -7.8‰, PDB) and matrix dolomites (-6.6‰～ -8.1‰, avg. -7.4‰ PDB) compared to the estimated values for the late Ordovician marine dolomite could be attributed to modification and alteration of dolomite at higher temperatures during deeper burial, which could also be responsible for its 87Sr/86Sr ratios (0.7084～0.7088) that are higher than suggested for the late Ordovician seawaters (0.7078～0.7080). The trace amounts of saddle dolomite cement in the Red River carbonates are probably related to "cannibalization" of earlier replacement dolomite during the chemical compaction.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

A computer generator for randomly layered structures

AcomputergeneratorforrandomlylayeredstructuresYUJia shun1,2,HEZhen hua2(1.TheInstituteofGeologicalandNuclearSciences,NewZealand;2.StateKeyLaboratoryofOilandGasReservoirGeologyandExploitation,ChengduUniversityofTechnology,China)Abstract:Analgorithmisintrod…     

An Index mechanism for multi-scale view in spatial databases

There are numerous geometric objects stored in the spatial databases. An importance function in a spatial database is that users can browse the geometric objects as a map efficiently. Thus the spatial database should display the geometric objects users concern about swiftly onto the display window. This process includes two operations:retrieve data from database and then draw them onto screen. Accordingly, to improve the efficiency, we should try to reduce time of both retrieving object and displaying them. The former can be achieved with the aid of spatial index such as R-tree, the latter require to simplify the objects. Simplification means that objects are shown with sufficient but not with unnecessary detail which depend on the scale of browse. So the major problem is how to retrieve data at different detail level efficiently. This paper introduces the implementation of a multi-scale index in the spatial database SISP (Spatial Information Shared Platform) which is generalized from R-tree. The difference between the generalization and the R-tree lies on two facets: One is that every node and geometric object in the generalization is assigned with a importance value which denote the importance of them, and every vertex in the objects are assigned with a importance value,too. The importance value can be use to decide which data should be retrieve from disk in a query. The other difference is that geometric objects in the generalization are divided into one or more sub-blocks, and vertexes are total ordered by their importance value. With the help of the generalized R-tree, one can easily retrieve data at different detail levels.Some experiments are performed on real-life data to evaluate the performance of solutions that separately use normal spatial index and multi-scale spatial index. The results show that the solution using multi-scale index in SISP is satisfying.     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

正The periodicity of the elements and the non-reactivity of the inner-shell electrons are two related principles of chemistry,rooted in the atomic shell structure.Within compounds,Group I elements,for example,invariably assume the+1 oxidation state,and their chemical properties differ completely from those of the p-block elements.These general rules govern our understanding of chemical structures and reactions.Using first principles calcula-     

Exchange-Correlation and Electronic Excitation Energies from Pairing Matrix Fluctuations

We have developed an adiabatic connection to formulate the ground-state exchange-correlation energy in terms of pairing matrix linear fluctuations.This formulation of the exchange-correlation energy opens a new channel for density functional approximations based on the many-body perturbation theory.We illustrate the potential of such approaches with an approximation based on the particle-particle Random Phase Approximation(pp-RPA).This re-     

Density Functional Theory for the Response of Periodic Systems to Electric Fields Based on the Vector Potential Approach

正The electronic and nuclear(structural/vibrational)response of 1D-3D nanoscale systems to electric fields gives rise to a host of optical,mechanical,spectral,etc.properties that are of high theoretical and applied interest.Due to the computational difficulty of treating such large systems it is convenient to model them as infinite and periodic(at least,in first approximation).The fundamental theoretical/computational problem in doing so is that     

On the Thermodynamic Limit for Responses to Static Electromagnetic Fields

For molecular systems,the quantum-mechanical treatment of their responses to static electromagnetic fields usually employs a scalar-potential treatment of the electric field and a vector-potential treatment of the magnetic field.Although the potential for each field separately is associated with the choice of an(unphysical)origin,the precise choice of the origin for the electrostatic field has little consequences for the results.This is different for the