ECAP变形低碳钢的组织变化规律

采用每道次挤压后样品旋转90°进入下一道次且旋转方向不变方式(Bc)的等径弯曲通道变形(ECAP)工艺制备亚微晶Q235钢,并研究了4个面不同的组织演化. 研究表明,ECAP变形Q235钢的组织随变形道次的增加而细化,其中第1道次的细化程度最大. 4个面的形貌也不同:S面以位错胞为主;R面在第2道次出现变形带交叉现象;而T面2道次就有近似的等轴胞出现,4道次出现了晶界很清楚的等轴晶,尺寸为0.25μm左右;L面4道次后也有等轴晶出现,但晶界没有T面4道次的晶界清楚. 8道次后所有的面都已经演化成晶界清晰的等轴晶,尺寸为0.2μm左右. 采用ECAP变形可以获得亚微晶Q235钢.     

大塑性变形过程中IF钢的组织演变

在室温下,使用半连续等通道挤压法对单块IF钢试样进行重复大变形实验,通过电子背散射衍射方法,对在此晶粒细化过程中的材料组织进行了分析讨论.结果表明,在不同挤压道次中组织变形主要发生在沿两通道连接的剪切面上,且材料由切应变产生塑性变形,挤压后的试样组织在横截面上应力保持一致;随着应变的增加,材料的组织细化不断加强;10道次后,最终的大角度晶界(HAB)占总数的90%左右,同时大角度晶界的间隙减少到1μm左右,试样的平均晶粒尺寸达到055μm左右.     

等通道转角挤压后AZ31镁合金的微观结构与性能

为了进一步探讨细晶镁合金的制备方法与性能 ,采用模角φ =12 0°的模具、以BC路径对AZ31镁合金进行了等通道转角挤压试验研究 ,对挤压过程中各道次试样的微观结构及性能进行了分析测试 .结果表明 ,随着挤压道次的增加 ,晶粒得到不断细化 ,力学性能也发生显著的变化 ;当挤压 12道次时 ,总的等效应变量约为 8,晶粒得到显著细化 ,晶粒尺寸为 1～ 5μm ,但合金的抗拉强度变化不大 ,屈服强度则有所下降 ,约为 10 0MPa ,延伸率则提高到 4 5 %以上     

纯铜粉末包套-等径角挤压工艺实验研究

针对粉末材料低塑性的特点,在室温条件下采用包套-等径角挤压工艺(PITS-ECAP)将纯铜粉末颗粒直接固结成高致密度块体细晶材料.结果表明,包套-等径角挤压工艺对粉末材料具有有效的致密和细化效果.4道次PITS-ECAP工艺变形后,试样X、Y、Z面均受到剧烈剪切作用,晶粒尺寸得到明显细化,显微组织呈细长条带流线状,且分布较为均匀;试样整体组织达到完全致密,平均显微硬度高达1 470 MPa.在PITSECAP工艺变形过程中,剧烈塑性剪切变形、较高静水压力和有效应变积累是保证粉末材料致密度大幅度提高以及显微组织有效细化的主要原因.     

等径弯曲通道变形制备超细晶铝合金的组织性能

用等径弯曲通道变形(ECAP)的方法制备出超细晶铝合金材料,并研究了在不同道次条件下其显微组织的演化过程.研究表明,随着强烈塑性变形的增加,显微组织中开始形成大量晶粒尺寸小于1μm的位错胞组织,当其晶界取向差增大时,亚晶粒变为越来越细的板条状组织.当经过8道次ECAP变形后,晶粒尺寸由变形前的约50μm细化为约0.2μm.该超细晶铝合金材料在150℃的退火条件下,其晶粒尺寸稳定在0.2～0.3μm的范围内.在温度为500℃、应变速率为10-3s-1的拉伸实验中,该超细晶铝合金材料的最大延伸率高达370%,呈现出良好的超塑性.     

等径角挤压对纯铜组织与性能的影响

研究采用BC路径(即试样进入下一道次挤压时按同一方向旋转90°)对纯铜进行等径角挤压后得到的组织与性能.结果表明,通过室温下对纯铜的8道次挤压后,得到均匀、细小的等轴晶组织(晶粒尺寸约1.5μm).抗拉强度从原来的235 MPa提高到420 MPa,硬度从114 HV提高到184.3 HV,延伸率由原来的45%降低到19%.通过对不同挤压道次试样在473 K下60 min的退火处理后,其晶粒进一步细化至1μm,其抗拉强度提高到435 MPa.     

15Cr-25Ni-Fe基高温合金的动态再结晶行为及机制

利用Gleeble-1500热/力模拟试验机对15Cr25NiFe基高温合金在950～1 200 ℃和0.001～10.000 s-1条件下进行了热压缩试验,采用热变形激活能模型研究了该合金两个动态再结晶区域的热变形表观激活能,结合再结晶的光学显微组织及透射电子显微组织分析该合金的动态再结晶机制.研究结果表明:应变速率0.010～0.100 s-1,温度1 050～1 200 ℃的动态再结晶区域受动态再结晶的形核过程控制,所得组织为等轴晶粒,尺寸分布较分散,晶界呈自然凹凸状.应变速率2.000～10.000 s-1,温度1 000～1 150 ℃的动态再结晶区域受动态再结晶的长大过程控制,晶粒为尺寸均匀的等轴晶粒,晶界平直,晶内有丰富的亚晶组织.     

Surface Nanocrystallization of 1Crl8Ni9Ti Stainless Steel Induced by Shear Deformation

对1Cr18Ni9Ti板材进行球磨处理,利用光学显微镜、X射线衍射和透射电镜研究剪切变形方式下深度方向的组织演变.结果表明,剪切变形可以在1Cr18Ni9Ti中诱发表面纳米化,其过程包括：奥氏体内通过位错的增殖、运动、湮灭和重组形成具有亚微米尺度的、取向差较小的位错胞;位错胞壁不断吸收位错而转变成小角度和大角度晶界,将原始粗晶分割成亚微晶;应变量和应变速率的增加诱发机械孪生,形成纳米量级的板条状马氏体;细化组织重复上述过程使晶粒尺寸减小、取向差增大,最终形成等轴状、取向呈随机分布的纳米晶组织.外力作用方向并未改变纳米化过程,但会影响变形层的厚度.     

水冷铜模铸造Fe_3Al金属间化合物的组织和力学性能

采用中频感应炉熔炼、水冷铜模冷却的方法制备Fe3A1合金.利用X射线衍射、金相显微镜、扫描电镜及力学性能测试对铸态及热处理后合金的组织、力学性能和冲击断裂行为进行研究.结果表明:合金的铸态组织为等轴晶,晶粒尺寸大小不均;合金经1 000℃、15 h均匀化退火+炉冷+600℃、1 h中温回火+油淬热处理后,晶界得到细化,晶内和晶界上析出弥散分布的第二相,晶粒尺寸明显长大;热处理后合金的σb提高73 MPa,硬度由铸态时的22.3 HRC提高到了26.2 HRC,但合金的冲击韧性有所下降;铸态时合金的断裂方式主要以沿晶断裂为主,热处理后合金断口呈沿晶+穿晶的混合型断裂特征.     

1Cr18Ni9Ti不锈钢剪切变形诱发的表面纳米化

对1Cr18Ni9Ti板材进行球磨处理,利用光学显微镜、X射线衍射和透射电镜研究剪切变形方式下深度方向的组织演变.结果表明,剪切变形可以在1Cr18Ni9Ti中诱发表面纳米化,其过程包括:奥氏体内通过位错的增殖、运动、湮灭和重组形成具有亚微米尺度的、取向差较小的位错胞;位错胞壁不断吸收位错而转变成小角度和大角度晶界,将原始粗晶分割成亚微晶;应变量和应变速率的增加诱发机械孪生,形成纳米量级的板条状马氏体;细化组织重复上述过程使晶粒尺寸减小、取向差增大,最终形成等轴状、取向呈随机分布的纳米晶组织.外力作用方向并未改变纳米化过程,但会影响变形层的厚度.     

An Index mechanism for multi-scale view in spatial databases

There are numerous geometric objects stored in the spatial databases. An importance function in a spatial database is that users can browse the geometric objects as a map efficiently. Thus the spatial database should display the geometric objects users concern about swiftly onto the display window. This process includes two operations:retrieve data from database and then draw them onto screen. Accordingly, to improve the efficiency, we should try to reduce time of both retrieving object and displaying them. The former can be achieved with the aid of spatial index such as R-tree, the latter require to simplify the objects. Simplification means that objects are shown with sufficient but not with unnecessary detail which depend on the scale of browse. So the major problem is how to retrieve data at different detail level efficiently. This paper introduces the implementation of a multi-scale index in the spatial database SISP (Spatial Information Shared Platform) which is generalized from R-tree. The difference between the generalization and the R-tree lies on two facets: One is that every node and geometric object in the generalization is assigned with a importance value which denote the importance of them, and every vertex in the objects are assigned with a importance value,too. The importance value can be use to decide which data should be retrieve from disk in a query. The other difference is that geometric objects in the generalization are divided into one or more sub-blocks, and vertexes are total ordered by their importance value. With the help of the generalized R-tree, one can easily retrieve data at different detail levels.Some experiments are performed on real-life data to evaluate the performance of solutions that separately use normal spatial index and multi-scale spatial index. The results show that the solution using multi-scale index in SISP is satisfying.     

Characterization of Ordovician carbonate reservoirs, southeastern Saskatchewan, Canada

The discovery of the prolific Ordovician Red River reservoirs in 1995 in southeastern Saskatchewan was the catalyst for extensive exploration activity which resulted in the discovery of more than 15 new Red River pools. The best yields of Red River production to date have been from dolomite reservoirs. Understanding the processes of dolomitization is, therefore, crucial for the prediction of the connectivity, spatial distribution and heterogeneity of dolomite reservoirs.The Red River reservoirs in the Midale area consist of 3～4 thin dolomitized zones, with a total thickness of about 20 m, which occur at the top of the Yeoman Formation. Two types of replacement dolomite were recognized in the Red River reservoir: dolomitized burrow infills and dolomitized host matrix. The spatial distribution of dolomite suggests that burrowing organisms played an important role in facilitating the fluid flow in the backfilled sediments. This resulted in penecontemporaneous dolomitization of burrow infills by normal seawater. The dolomite in the host matrix is interpreted as having occurred at shallow burial by evaporitic seawater during precipitation of Lake Almar anhydrite that immediately overlies the Yeoman Formation. However, the low δ18O values of dolomited burrow infills (-5.9‰～ -7.8‰, PDB) and matrix dolomites (-6.6‰～ -8.1‰, avg. -7.4‰ PDB) compared to the estimated values for the late Ordovician marine dolomite could be attributed to modification and alteration of dolomite at higher temperatures during deeper burial, which could also be responsible for its 87Sr/86Sr ratios (0.7084～0.7088) that are higher than suggested for the late Ordovician seawaters (0.7078～0.7080). The trace amounts of saddle dolomite cement in the Red River carbonates are probably related to "cannibalization" of earlier replacement dolomite during the chemical compaction.     

A computer generator for randomly layered structures

AcomputergeneratorforrandomlylayeredstructuresYUJia shun1,2,HEZhen hua2(1.TheInstituteofGeologicalandNuclearSciences,NewZealand;2.StateKeyLaboratoryofOilandGasReservoirGeologyandExploitation,ChengduUniversityofTechnology,China)Abstract:Analgorithmisintrod…     

Perspherical Approaches for Electrons in Atoms and Charged Excitons in Quantum Wells

Instead of following Fock’s expansion,we solve the Schrodinger equation for some quantum mechanical manybody systems such as electrons in atoms and charged excitons in quantum wells in a similar way in hyperspherical coordinates by expanding the wave functions into orthonormal complete basis sets of the hyperspherical hannonics(HHs)of hyperangles and generalized Laguerre polynomials(GLPs)of the hyperradius.This leads the equation to     

Advances in broadband wireless communications under high-mobility scenarios

Future mobile communication systems aim at providing very high data transmission rates, even in high-mobility scenarios such as high-speed wheel-track trains, maglev trains, highway vehicles, airplanes, guided missiles or spacecraft. A particularly important commercial application is the strong and increasing worldwide demand for high- speed broadband wireless communications （up to 574.8 km/ h test speeds or 380 km/h commercial speeds） in railways, providing data, voice and video services for applications such as onboard entertainment services to passengers, train control, train dispatch, train sensor status handling and sur- veillance. In such high-mobility scenarios, there are a number of communication challenges, including fast hand- over, location updating, high-speed channel modeling, estimation and equalization, anti-Doppler spreading tech- niques, fast power control, and dedicated network architec- ture. Because signal transmission in very high-speed scenarios will inevitably experience serious deterioration, it is imperative to develop key broadband mobile communi- cation techniques for such high-speed vehicles.     

Wuhan University Journal of Natural Sciences TOTAL CONTENTS

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海南岛地体及其毗邻陆缘晚中生代—新生代古地磁研究和构造演化

本文叙述了对海南岛及其毗邻大陆边缘白垩纪到第四纪地层岩石进行古地磁研究的全部工作过程。通过分析岩石中剩余磁矢量的磁偏角及磁倾角的变化,提出海南岛白垩纪以来经历的构造演化模式如下:早期伴随顺时针旋转而向南迁移,后期伴随逆时针转动并向北运移。联系该地区及邻区的地质、地球物理资料,对海南岛上述的构造地体运动提出以下认识:北部湾内早期有一拉张作用,主要是该作用使湾内地壳显著伸长减薄,形成北部湾盆地。从而导致了海南岛的早期构造运动,而海南岛后期的构造运动则主要是受南海海底扩张的影响。海南地体运动规律的阐明对于了解北部湾油气盆地的形成演化有重要的理论和实际意义。     

Scale-based spatial data model for GIS

Being the primary media of geographical information and the elementary objects manipulated, almost all of maps adopt the layer-based model to represent geographic information in the existent GIS. However, it is difficult to extend the map represented in layer-based model. Furthermore, in Web-Based GIS, It is slow to transmit the spatial data for map viewing. In this paper, for solving the questions above, we have proposed a new method for representing the spatial data. That is scale-based model. In this model we represent maps in three levels: scale-view, block, and spatial object, and organize the maps in a set of map layers, named Scale-View, which associates some given scales.Lastly, a prototype Web-Based GIS using the proposed spatial data representation is described briefly.     

Exciton Seebeck in Molecular Systems

Various applications relevant to the exciton dynamics,such as the organic solar cell,the large-area organic light-emitting diodes and the thermoelectricity,are operating under temperature gradient.The potential abnormal behavior of the exicton dynamics driven by the temperature difference may affect the efficiency and performance of the corresponding devices.In the above situations,the exciton dynamics under temperature difference is mixed with     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

The elongation method,originally proposed by Imamura was further developed for many years in our group.As a method towards O(N)with high efficiency and high accuracy for any dimensional systems.This treatment designed for one-dimensional(ID)polymers is now available for three-dimensional(3D)systems,but geometry optimization is now possible only for 1D-systems.As an approach toward post-Hartree-Fock,it was also extended to