基于规范化的B样条密度模型的聚类算法

针对有参混合模型的聚类算法需要假设模型为某种已知的参数模型, 存在模型不匹配及非参数正交多项式密度估计不是概率密度函数的问题, 提出了一种基于规范化的B样条密度模型的图像聚类算法。通过构建基于规范化的B样条密度函数的非参数混合模型, 利用非参数B样条期望最大(NNBEM: Non parametric B splineExpectation Maximum)算法估计密度模型的未知参数, 并根据贝叶斯准则实现图像的聚类。该方法不需要对模型做任何假设, 可有效克服有参混合模型与实际数据分布不一致问题。对模拟图像和真实图像数据进行仿真的结果表明, 规范化的B样条密度模型的聚类算法比其他算法具有更好的聚类性能。     

基于正交多项式密度函数的CT图像分割方法

通过构建面向CT图像数据的非参数正交多项式密度模型, 解决了带有先验性质的参数化方法不能对复杂医学图像做出合适地描述, 从而导致实际物理模型与假设模型间存在较大差异的问题, 即模型不匹配的问题. 在形成的多峰函数基础上采用改进的粒子群优化算法, 依据启发式优化搜索策略实现多峰优化, 先寻找多个局部最优解, 再以局部最优解为聚类中心实现图像分割. 通过模拟数据和真实CT图像数据的仿真, 证明了基于正交多项式密度函数图像分割算法的有效性.     

基于高斯混合密度模型的医学图像聚类方法

研究了医学图像的聚类问题,提出一种基于高斯混合密度模型的K-EM聚类算法,并将此算法用于人体腹部图像数据,实现肝、肾、脾等主要器官的分类.在算法中,随机选取腹部图像像素数据,用QAIC信息准则确定训练样本的最佳类别数;用K均值聚类算法得到混合模型的初始参数;用期望最大(EM)算法多次迭代建立腹部图像数据的混合密度模型;运用贝叶斯准则,将腹部图像所有像素值划分到混合模型中相应的模型分支,得到每个器官像素值划分的正确率与误判率.试验结果表明,新算法分类的平均正确率高于85%、误判率低于10%,优于K均值算法.     

混合谱梯度方法及其在医学图像弹性配准中的应用

 大规模优化问题一直是理论研究领域的研究重点,求解无约束最优化问题的混合谱梯度方法将多元谱梯度方法和谱梯度方法有效地 结合在一起,综合了二者的优势,引入非单调线搜索后,形成了全局收敛的混合谱梯度算法,并用于医学图像弹性配准B样条参数 模型的求解。医学图像弹性配准是医学图像处理研究的热点和难点,其中的参数模型往往转化为无约束优化问题的求解,当参数数 目较大时传统的方法求解费时,而混合谱梯度算法较多地利用梯度信息,避免了梯度计算的浪费,与层次B样条结合可以极大地提 高参数配准的优化速度和精度,算法中的非单调线搜索还有助于避免局部最优。     

基于椭球等高分布混合模型的聚类方法

为解决有限混合分布模型的聚类分析中分量密度函数选择问题,通过研究广义多元分析理论,提出了基于椭球等高分布混合模型的聚类算法.首先,利用与正态分布有许多相似性质的椭球等高分布族来构造混合分布模型,并引入标签变量,将基于椭球等高分布混合模型的聚类转化为模型参数估计问题;然后,通过极大似然估计法和EM算法进行模型一般变量参数...     

基于样条小波和混合遗传算法的多源图像自动配准算法

为实现图像自动配准,需要确定初始变换参数,为此提出图像特征线和图像特征圆的概念,基于仿射变换模型,推导了确定图像自动配准初始参数的算法,并基于B样条小波和混合遗传算法求取最终的多源图像配准参数.实验结果表明,该算法可实现图像的自动配准,证明了该算法的有效性.     

基于信息熵的双语词聚类算法

基于统计的方法是当前机器翻译领域主流的研究方向之一,其中对齐模板统计翻译模型是效果较好的一个统计模型,而双语词聚类在对齐模板统计模型参数训练中占有十分重要的地位.本研究针对其参数训练的双语词聚类,在原有的非层次聚类基础上,提出了双语层次聚类的算法;另外,又结合2种算法的思想,提出一种新的混合算法.使用信息熵作为评价标准,结果显示混合算法的聚类效果有3.4%~5.0%的改进.     

一种密度聚类的染色精子医学图像识别算法

当数据的密度有变化时,密度聚类算法DBSCAN不能一次发现多种密度的簇结构,通常需要调整参数,而合适参数的确定比较困难.提出了一种两阶段的密度聚类算法以识别精子图像,算法采用相同的参数完成对不同密度簇的发现.首先对原始数据图像采用初步的预处理技术,调用DBSCAN算法得到精子头部簇,然后对其余图像部分进行增强,以精子头部为核心点集合,再次调用DBSCAN算法得出密度可达的簇,从而完成精子图像的识别.实验证明对精子图像识别的准确率、效率、效果均优于传统密度聚类方法,为医生诊断病情提供有效的数据支持.     

基于密度流形上的空间聚类

对于具备空间特性的数据来说,基于密度的聚类方法是一种基本且行之有效的聚类技术.尽管现有很多基于密度的空间聚类算法和技术,但是这些算法多数都假设数据分布于平滑空间.弯曲空间与平滑空间只局部存在相似性.本文的目的在于探讨一种新的基于密度的流形空间聚类,即基于弯曲空间的算法.此算法主要来源于切空间,并适用于非均匀、非线性的数据分布,同时给出了性能分析和实验测试.     

基于电子分层模型和凝聚策略的密度峰值聚类

密度峰值聚类算法(Density peaks clustering, DPC)是一种基于密度的新型聚类算法。该算法的优点十分显著:所需参数较少,没有迭代过程,能自适应获得聚类数目并识别任意形状的簇类。该算法也有一些问题亟待解决:(1)在决策图上人工选择聚类中心,产生聚类误差;(2)在密度不同的流形数据集上聚类效果不佳。针对这些不足,该文提出一种基于电子分层模型和凝聚策略的密度峰值聚类算法(Density peaks clustering based on electronic shells model and merging strategy, EMDPC)。其利用电子分层模型计算每个数据点的局部密度,更易识别出低密度簇;通过子簇凝聚策略自适应识别簇类数目,降低了人工选取聚类中心时误差发生的概率;并且子簇凝聚策略能较好地解决DPC在密度不均匀的流形数据上聚类效果不佳的问题。实验分析表明基于电子分层模型和凝聚策略的密度峰值聚类算法具有较高的精度和较好的聚类性能,其结果优于其他先进的聚类算法。     

An Index mechanism for multi-scale view in spatial databases

There are numerous geometric objects stored in the spatial databases. An importance function in a spatial database is that users can browse the geometric objects as a map efficiently. Thus the spatial database should display the geometric objects users concern about swiftly onto the display window. This process includes two operations:retrieve data from database and then draw them onto screen. Accordingly, to improve the efficiency, we should try to reduce time of both retrieving object and displaying them. The former can be achieved with the aid of spatial index such as R-tree, the latter require to simplify the objects. Simplification means that objects are shown with sufficient but not with unnecessary detail which depend on the scale of browse. So the major problem is how to retrieve data at different detail level efficiently. This paper introduces the implementation of a multi-scale index in the spatial database SISP (Spatial Information Shared Platform) which is generalized from R-tree. The difference between the generalization and the R-tree lies on two facets: One is that every node and geometric object in the generalization is assigned with a importance value which denote the importance of them, and every vertex in the objects are assigned with a importance value,too. The importance value can be use to decide which data should be retrieve from disk in a query. The other difference is that geometric objects in the generalization are divided into one or more sub-blocks, and vertexes are total ordered by their importance value. With the help of the generalized R-tree, one can easily retrieve data at different detail levels.Some experiments are performed on real-life data to evaluate the performance of solutions that separately use normal spatial index and multi-scale spatial index. The results show that the solution using multi-scale index in SISP is satisfying.     

Characterization of Ordovician carbonate reservoirs, southeastern Saskatchewan, Canada

The discovery of the prolific Ordovician Red River reservoirs in 1995 in southeastern Saskatchewan was the catalyst for extensive exploration activity which resulted in the discovery of more than 15 new Red River pools. The best yields of Red River production to date have been from dolomite reservoirs. Understanding the processes of dolomitization is, therefore, crucial for the prediction of the connectivity, spatial distribution and heterogeneity of dolomite reservoirs.The Red River reservoirs in the Midale area consist of 3～4 thin dolomitized zones, with a total thickness of about 20 m, which occur at the top of the Yeoman Formation. Two types of replacement dolomite were recognized in the Red River reservoir: dolomitized burrow infills and dolomitized host matrix. The spatial distribution of dolomite suggests that burrowing organisms played an important role in facilitating the fluid flow in the backfilled sediments. This resulted in penecontemporaneous dolomitization of burrow infills by normal seawater. The dolomite in the host matrix is interpreted as having occurred at shallow burial by evaporitic seawater during precipitation of Lake Almar anhydrite that immediately overlies the Yeoman Formation. However, the low δ18O values of dolomited burrow infills (-5.9‰～ -7.8‰, PDB) and matrix dolomites (-6.6‰～ -8.1‰, avg. -7.4‰ PDB) compared to the estimated values for the late Ordovician marine dolomite could be attributed to modification and alteration of dolomite at higher temperatures during deeper burial, which could also be responsible for its 87Sr/86Sr ratios (0.7084～0.7088) that are higher than suggested for the late Ordovician seawaters (0.7078～0.7080). The trace amounts of saddle dolomite cement in the Red River carbonates are probably related to "cannibalization" of earlier replacement dolomite during the chemical compaction.     

A computer generator for randomly layered structures

AcomputergeneratorforrandomlylayeredstructuresYUJia shun1,2,HEZhen hua2(1.TheInstituteofGeologicalandNuclearSciences,NewZealand;2.StateKeyLaboratoryofOilandGasReservoirGeologyandExploitation,ChengduUniversityofTechnology,China)Abstract:Analgorithmisintrod…     

Perspherical Approaches for Electrons in Atoms and Charged Excitons in Quantum Wells

Instead of following Fock’s expansion,we solve the Schrodinger equation for some quantum mechanical manybody systems such as electrons in atoms and charged excitons in quantum wells in a similar way in hyperspherical coordinates by expanding the wave functions into orthonormal complete basis sets of the hyperspherical hannonics(HHs)of hyperangles and generalized Laguerre polynomials(GLPs)of the hyperradius.This leads the equation to     

Advances in broadband wireless communications under high-mobility scenarios

Future mobile communication systems aim at providing very high data transmission rates, even in high-mobility scenarios such as high-speed wheel-track trains, maglev trains, highway vehicles, airplanes, guided missiles or spacecraft. A particularly important commercial application is the strong and increasing worldwide demand for high- speed broadband wireless communications （up to 574.8 km/ h test speeds or 380 km/h commercial speeds） in railways, providing data, voice and video services for applications such as onboard entertainment services to passengers, train control, train dispatch, train sensor status handling and sur- veillance. In such high-mobility scenarios, there are a number of communication challenges, including fast hand- over, location updating, high-speed channel modeling, estimation and equalization, anti-Doppler spreading tech- niques, fast power control, and dedicated network architec- ture. Because signal transmission in very high-speed scenarios will inevitably experience serious deterioration, it is imperative to develop key broadband mobile communi- cation techniques for such high-speed vehicles.     

Wuhan University Journal of Natural Sciences TOTAL CONTENTS

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海南岛地体及其毗邻陆缘晚中生代—新生代古地磁研究和构造演化

本文叙述了对海南岛及其毗邻大陆边缘白垩纪到第四纪地层岩石进行古地磁研究的全部工作过程。通过分析岩石中剩余磁矢量的磁偏角及磁倾角的变化,提出海南岛白垩纪以来经历的构造演化模式如下:早期伴随顺时针旋转而向南迁移,后期伴随逆时针转动并向北运移。联系该地区及邻区的地质、地球物理资料,对海南岛上述的构造地体运动提出以下认识:北部湾内早期有一拉张作用,主要是该作用使湾内地壳显著伸长减薄,形成北部湾盆地。从而导致了海南岛的早期构造运动,而海南岛后期的构造运动则主要是受南海海底扩张的影响。海南地体运动规律的阐明对于了解北部湾油气盆地的形成演化有重要的理论和实际意义。     

Scale-based spatial data model for GIS

Being the primary media of geographical information and the elementary objects manipulated, almost all of maps adopt the layer-based model to represent geographic information in the existent GIS. However, it is difficult to extend the map represented in layer-based model. Furthermore, in Web-Based GIS, It is slow to transmit the spatial data for map viewing. In this paper, for solving the questions above, we have proposed a new method for representing the spatial data. That is scale-based model. In this model we represent maps in three levels: scale-view, block, and spatial object, and organize the maps in a set of map layers, named Scale-View, which associates some given scales.Lastly, a prototype Web-Based GIS using the proposed spatial data representation is described briefly.     

Exciton Seebeck in Molecular Systems

Various applications relevant to the exciton dynamics,such as the organic solar cell,the large-area organic light-emitting diodes and the thermoelectricity,are operating under temperature gradient.The potential abnormal behavior of the exicton dynamics driven by the temperature difference may affect the efficiency and performance of the corresponding devices.In the above situations,the exciton dynamics under temperature difference is mixed with     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

The elongation method,originally proposed by Imamura was further developed for many years in our group.As a method towards O(N)with high efficiency and high accuracy for any dimensional systems.This treatment designed for one-dimensional(ID)polymers is now available for three-dimensional(3D)systems,but geometry optimization is now possible only for 1D-systems.As an approach toward post-Hartree-Fock,it was also extended to