一种导向性溶栓剂的基因构建及其在大肠杆菌中的表达

以针对人活化血小板表面糖蛋白GMP140的单克隆抗体SZ51的单链抗体作为导向分子,以单链尿激酶32kd变体(scu-PA-32k)作为效应分子,构建了一种新型的导向性溶栓剂。通过聚合酶链式反应(PCR),分别从SZ51的Fab片段基因中扩增出V_K和V_H区;从尿激酶原基因中扩增出scu-PA-32k基因。通过合适的linker及酶切位点,将V_K, V_H及scu-PA-32k基因相连接并装入表达载体pET-5a中的Nde I位点,在大肠杆菌中经IPTG诱导表达了重组蛋白。Western-Blotting检测到在8mol/L尿素存在下,该重组蛋白与抗尿激酶的多克隆抗体之间仍有弱的结合反应。表达产物经变复性处理和部分分离纯化后,在纤维蛋白平板上表现有较好的纤溶活性,且这种活性是通过激活纤维蛋白溶酶原为纤溶酶而实现的。重组蛋白纤溶活性的比活达到17500IU/mg,较好地保留了尿激酶的纤溶活性,重组蛋白的产率约每100g湿菌为1.5mg。     

关于幂零群的特征

有限幂零群的特征性质在[1]、[2]中已给出了许多,本文通过次中心给出了幂零群的两个充要条件。其一,G=SZ(G),SZ(G)是G的超次中心;其二,G幂零的充要条件是G/SZ(G)是幂零的。本文限定都是有限群。     

7075-T6合金超声辅助搅拌摩擦焊接头搅拌区组织与力学性能

搅拌区的金属流动不充分容易导致轴肩影响区与搅拌针影响区之间的过渡区出现疏松缺陷并恶化接头的力学性能.在不同焊接参数条件下,对7075-T6铝合金分别进行常规搅拌摩擦焊接(FSW)和超声辅助搅拌摩擦焊接(UAFSW),研究了超声振动对接头搅拌区的金属流动行为、微观组织特征和力学性能的影响.结果表明:相同焊接参数下,UAFSW接头搅拌区的力学性能均优于FSW接头.焊接参数为1000r/min-110mm/min 的UAFSW接头搅拌区的抗拉强度和延伸率最高,分别达到515MPa和17.3%.在搅拌摩擦焊接过程中施加轴向超声振动可以显著降低搅拌区金属的屈服应力和流变应力,促进塑化金属沿板厚方向的流动.消除搅拌区中过渡区的疏松缺陷,并细化微观组织,是接头力学性能提高的主要原因.     

Stress-corrosion behavior and characteristics of the friction stir welding of an AA2198-T34 alloy

To better understand the stress-corrosion behavior of friction stir welding(FSW), the effects of the microstructure on the stress-corrosion behavior of the FSW in a 2198-T34 aluminum alloy were investigated. The experimental results show that the low-angle grain boundary(LABs) of the stir zone(SZ) of FSW is significantly less than that of heated affected zone(HAZ), thermo-mechanically affected zone(TMAZ), and parent materials(PM), but the grain boundary precipitates(GBPs) T1(Al_2CuLi) were less, which has a slight effect on the stress corrosion. The dislocation density in SZ was greater than that in other regions. The residual stress in SZ was +67 MPa, which is greater than that in the TMAZ. The residual stress in the HAZ and PM is -8 MPa and-32 MPa, respectively, and both compressive stresses. The corrosion potential in SZ is obviously less than that in other regions. However, micro-cracks were formed in the SZ at low strain rate, which indicates that the grain boundary characters and GBPs have no significant effect on the crack initiation in the stress-corrosion process of the AA2198-T34.Nevertheless, the residual tensile stress has significant effect on the crack initiation during the stress-corrosion process.     

控制混合方向误差的最优方法

假定有很多双尾备择假设需要同时检验,一旦零假设被拒绝,就需要进行方向性决策.在这种情况下,相较于常用的错误率FDR,混合方向错误率mdFDR更受欢迎,因为后者控制由所有拒绝所引起的第I类、第III类错误比例之和的期望.现有文献介绍了带方向决策的BH方法(dBH procedure) ,该方法是带有依据检验统计量的符号而作出方向决策的BH线性检验方法,可在显著水平α下控制mdFDR.除dBH方法外,由Sarkar和Zhou提出的一个方法(SZ procedure)也能控制mdFDR.他们从贝叶斯观点证明了其方法的最优性.本文从频率学派观点,即假定假设分布可从数据获知,来讨论SZ方法的最优性.根据讨论,SZ方法在控制mdFDR及正确地断言更多非零假设的意义上依然是最优的.模拟结果进一步验证了分析结果是成立的,并验证了SZ方法较之于dBH方法更为有效.     

Speleothem Mg,Sr and Ba records during the MIS 5c-d,and implications for paleoclimate change in NE Sichuan,Central China

Trace metals of Mg, Sr and Ba in a stalagmite (SZ2) collected from Suozi Cave in NE Sichuan, Central China, were analyzed with ICP-AES. The stalagmite was dated to have developed between 120 and 103 ka BP. Results indicate that the Mg/Ca, Sr/Ca and Ba/Ca ratios of SZ2 varied between (9500-14700) 10 6 , (54-123) 10 6 and (31-82) 10 6 , respectively. The three records displayed significant millennial scale variations, which correlate with changes in past climate and environment. Lower values of Mg/Ca ratios and higher values of Sr/Ca and Ba/Ca ratios of SZ2 occurred during relatively cold-dry marine isotope stage (MIS) 5d, while the opposite trend was observed during relatively warm-humid MIS 5c. Trace metals in speleothems can be affected by distribution coefficients or trace metal concentrations in solutions from which speleothems precipitate. Temperature is suggested to be the dominant controller of Mg/Ca ratios in SZ2, whereas the Sr/Ca and Ba/Ca ratios may have been influenced by surface soil and atmospheric dust activities and prior calcite precipitation in Suozi Cave. Further investigations are warranted as to whether Sr/Ca and Ba/Ca ratios were affected by temperature and growth rate of the speleothem. The shifts of Mg/Ca, Sr/Ca and Ba/Ca records in SZ2 during the transition from MIS 5d to 5c apparently were earlier than the oxygen isotope record ( 18 O) of the same stalagmite. This possibly indicates (1) that atmospheric dust activity (the mechanism affecting SZ2 Sr/Ca and Ba/Ca ratios) is closely related to temperature, and (2) that temperature changes (dominated by solar insolation) precedes change in speleothem 18 O records which are controlled by both summer monsoons and winter temperatures.     

用三卤甲烷预测相应的三卤乙酸

THMs和HAAs为饮用水中两大类主要的氯消毒副产物(ICDBPs)．THMs和HAAs中的THAA(或X3AA)的生成途径相类似，当水中含有Br—时会形成含Br的THMs和X3AA，且Br离子浓度对两种组成成分的影响也很相似．据此特点，建立了一种用各种THMs和Cl3AA的摩尔浓度来预测相应的其他三种X3从浓度的模型，并用实验数据进行了验证。     

基于IMPUTE2的全基因组关联性研究的基因型填补

多数全基因组关联性研究(GWAS)采用不同的分型芯片,导致遗传变异位点的数目及选择准则不同。基因型填补可以依据已有的基因分型数据,对未分型的位点进行填补。在应用IMPUTE2软件对基因型和表型数据库(db Ga P)中胃癌GWAS数据进行全基因组填补,以详细介绍全基因组填补的原理和过程。以第九号染色体为例,使用1000 Genome Project模板介绍全基因组填补的过程,包括填补前的质量控制、Pre-phasing、填补过程、填补的质量评估及填补后的关联性分析。第九号染色体在填补前有21 033个位点;而在填补后有1 630 406个SNP;其中INFO0.3的SNP位点有817 494个;而填补质量较高(INFO0.5)的位点数目有584 755个。IMPUTE2软件可以快速准确的对未分型的基因型进行填补,从而可以将多个GWAS数据整合到相同的位点数和密度上,再进行联合分析可以提高检验的把握度以便发现新的遗传易感性位点。     

植物抗病信号传导途径及其相互作用

植物与病原物长期的互作过程中产生了一系列的防卫反应，其中系统获得性抗性(Systemic Acquired Resistance,SAR)和诱导性系统抗性（Induced Systemic Resistance,ISR)是植物抗病信号传导途径中的两 种重要形式。它们分别由植物内源信号分子SA和JA／Et作介导，两种信号的传导途径之间既相互独立相互联系，协同作用，从而使植物出对自身伤害最小却又最有有效的防卫反应。笔就SA－领带性信号传导途径和SA－非领带性信号传导途径的分子生学研究进展，以及两种信号传导途径间的相互作用等方面进行了综述。     

Mab HIM70对人Np NADPH氧化酶的调节（Ⅱ）

在发现Mab HIM70对Np NADPH氧化酶胸浆组分p47^phox、p67^phox和Rac2的表达和参与NADPH氧化酶活化均有降调节作用基础上,进一步探索了Mab HIM70对该降调节作用的机理。发现Mab HIM70可能对NADPH氧化酶上游PKC、PTK及PI3K信号传递途径的活化水平有降调节作用,该单抗对NADPH氧化酶活化有降调节的作用可能与此有关。     

Friction-stir-welded overaged 7020-T6 alloy joint: an investigation on the effect of rotational speed on the microstructure and mechanical properties

Commercial A7020-T6 plates in the overaged state were subjected to friction stir welding with four different tool rotational speeds of 500, 710, 1000, and 1400 r/min and a single traverse feed rate of 40 mm/min. The resultant changes in the welding heat input, microstructure, and the mechanical properties of the joints were investigated. The changes were related to the processes of growth, dissolution, and re-formation of precipitates. The precipitate evolution was examined by differential scanning calorimetry, and the microstructural analysis was conducted using optical, scanning, and transmission electron microscopes. The results showed that the grain size in the stirred zone(SZ) decreased substantially compared with the base metal, but increased with tool rotational speed because of the rise in temperature. We found that the width of the heat-affected zone increased with tool rotational speed. The hardness and the tensile strength in the SZ increased with increasing heat input compared with the base metal in the overaged condition. This recovery in mechanical properties of the joints can be attributed to the dissolution and re-formation of precipitates in the SZ and the thermomechanically affected zone. This process is referred to as an "auto-aging treatment."     

山仔水库微囊藻营养盐增长潜力分析

从发生富营养化的福建省山仔水库分离出优势浮游植物微囊藻SZ200307。进行营养盐增长潜力试验．探讨氮浓度、磷浓度及氮磷比对微囊藻SZ200307增长的影响。判断磷是其增长的主要限制性营养盐因子．     

Genome-Wide Interaction-Based Association of Human Diseases—A Survey

Genome-Wide Association Studies（GWASs） aim to identify genetic variants that are associated with disease by assaying and analyzing hundreds of thousands of Single Nucleotide Polymorphisms（SNPs）. Although traditional single-locus statistical approaches have been standardized and led to many interesting findings, a substantial number of recent GWASs indicate that for most disorders, the individual SNPs explain only a small fraction of the genetic causes. Consequently, exploring multi-SNPs interactions in the hope of discovering more significant associations has attracted more attentions. Due to the huge search space for complicated multilocus interactions, many fast and effective methods have recently been proposed for detecting disease-associated epistatic interactions using GWAS data. In this paper, we provide a critical review and comparison of eight popular methods, i.e., BOOST, TEAM, epi Forest, EDCF, SNPHarvester, epi MODE, MECPM, and MIC, which are used for detecting gene-gene interactions among genetic loci. In views of the assumption model on the data and searching strategies, we divide the methods into seven categories. Moreover, the evaluation methodologies,including detecting powers, disease models for simulation, resources of real GWAS data, and the control of false discover rate, are elaborated as references for new approach developers. At the end of the paper, we summarize the methods and discuss the future directions in genome-wide association studies for detecting epistatic interactions.     

Development of liquid-nitrogen-cooling friction stir spot welding for AZ31 magnesium alloy joints

A liquid-nitrogen-cooling friction stir spot welding (C-FSSW) technology was developed for welding AZ31 magnesium alloy sheets. The liquid-nitrogen cooling degraded the deformability of the welded materials such that the width of interfacial cracks increased with increasing cooling time. The grain size of the stirred zone (SZ) and the heat-affected zone (HAZ) of the C-FSSW-welded joints decreased, whereas that of the thermomechanically affected zone (TMAZ) increased with increasing cooling time. The maximum tensile shear load of the C-FSSW-welded joints welded with a cooling time of 5 or 7 s was larger than that of the friction stir spot welding (FSSW)-welded joint, and the tensile shear load decreased with increasing cooling time. The microhardness of the C-FSSW-welded joints was greater than that of the FSSW-welded joint. Moreover, the microhardness of the SZ and the HAZ of the C-FSSW-welded joints increased, whereas that of the TMAZ decreased, with increasing cooling time.     

绿茶提取物EGCG治疗乳腺癌分子机制的生物信息学分析

在PubChem数据库中查找绿茶提取物茶多酚(EGCG)活性靶蛋白,从Gene数据库中查找乳腺癌相关基因,运用Ingenuity Pathway Analysis(IPA)软件,构建二者信号通路和分子网络并进行分析.结果显示:二者共同作用的通路有235条,排在前面的主要是癌症分子机制通路、炎症反应通路、糖皮质激素受体信号通路、NF-κB信号通路;共同的分子网络有5个,也主要体现在"转录后修饰与调控,细胞生长、发育,DNA的复制、重组、修复,细胞死亡与生存"等生物学功能上.     

Welded Joint Model Construction and Welding Mechanism of AZ91 Magnesium Alloy

The characteristics of the welding molten pool of AZ91 magnesium alloy were studied and the welding interface model was built using metallographic observation and scanning electorn microscope(SEM) composition analysis.The welding area was divided into heat affected zone(HAZ),liquefaction zone(LZ),rich poly zone(RPZ),sparse zone(SZ) and weld zone(WZ).The analyses of the microstructure and composition of each region show that optimizing the welding process can improve mechanical properties of weld zone.While for LZ,its tensile properties can be strengthened only by improving the composition of the parent metal and the second phase distribution.And the way to improve the tensile properties of LZ,RPZ,and SZ is to give priority to improve the parent metal composition and the second phase distribution,improving welding technology as the complementary method.Furthermore,based on the results above and the analyses of the microstructure and composition of welding cracks,it is found that the tensile fracture is mainly caused by the stress cracking rather than composition crack.     

Progress in study on endocrine disrupting pesticides （EDPs） in aquatic environment

Background on the generation of the problems of endocrine disrupting pesticides （EDPs） in aquatic environment, characteristics of EDPs, adverse effects and their effect mechanism of EDPs on human and wildlife, the transportation and degradation pathways of EDPs in water and analysis methods of EDPs in water were reviewed. The importance of EDPs in water should be attached to adverse effects on wildlife and human health. It was advised to establish research programs on EDPs in aquatic environment especially in water supply source.     

再生剂制备技术及再生沥青的评价

以中海SZ36-1减三线馏分油为原料,经糠醛抽提方法制备富芳再生剂调和组分,并与中海AH-90沥青调和制备符合SH/T 0819-2010标准的5种再生剂产品,考察5种再生剂对老化沥青的再生性能.结果表明:SZ36-1减三线馏分油经糠醛抽提得到的高芳抽出油符合SH/T 0819-2010规定的RA5再生剂的各项指标要求...     

Differential gene expression profile in ischemic myocardium of Wistar rats with acute myocardial infarction

To determine the differential genes in ischemic myocardium of Wistar rats with acute myocardial infarction （AMI）, we constructed two differential gene expression profiles. AMI model was generated by Iigation of the left anterior descending coronary artery in Wistar rats. Total RNA was extracted from the normal and the ischemic heart tissues under the IigaUon point at the 8th day after the operation. Differential gene expression profiles of the two samples were constructed by using long serial analysis of gene expression （LongSAGE）. Real time fluorescence quantitative PCR （Q-PCR） was used to confirm the expression changes of partial target genes. The main results were as follows： a total of 15966 tags were screened from the normal and the ischemic LongSAGE maps, and 9646 tags in the normal tissue and 9563 tags in the ischemic tissue were obtained. Among them, 7665 novel tags were identified by NCBI BLAST search. In the ischemic tissue, 142 genes significantly changed compared to those in the normal tissue （P〈0.05）. These differentially expressed genes may play important roles in the pathways of oxidation and phosphorylation, ATP synthesis and glycolysis and so on. Partial genes identified by the LongSAGE were confirmed by Q-PCR. The results show that AMI causes a series of gene expression changes in the regulation of the pathways related to energy metabolism.     

绥中36-1地区油气富集特征及成藏主控因素分析

SZ36-1地区已发现的油气藏平面上主要分布在辽西低凸起上,纵向上主要分布于东二下亚段。油气藏以构造油气藏为主,主要烃源岩层系为古近系沙河街组一段和三段,主要储层类型为三角洲砂体,东二下段上部区域性展布的泥岩构成盖层。油气藏以油为主,油藏多为常压下形成,油气成藏期较晚。采用油藏解剖和油气分布与成藏条件之间空间匹配关系研究的方法,对该区油气成藏的主控因素和模式进行了研究。研究表明:该区油气成藏的主控因素是断裂、储盖组合以及输导体系。油气藏横向分布主要受储层控制,而纵向分布主要受断裂控制。受断裂和凸起的影响,该区主要为凸起披覆背斜型成藏模式。