滁州市南湖公园园林植物多样性调查研究

应用物种丰富度指数（S）、多样性指数（Shannon －Wiener 指数）、优势度指数（Simpson 指数）和均匀度指数（E）,对滁州市南湖公园绿地的园林植物进行了研究。结果表明：公园内乔木47种,灌木51种,草本37种,竹类2种,藤本2种;物种多样性基本表现为灌木层＞乔木层＞草本层;物种均匀度总体上为灌木层＞乔木层＞草本层;群落类型主要为乔木＋草本（小乔木及灌木＋草本）,乔木＋地被灌木＋草本（乔木＋小乔木及灌木＋草本）,乔木＋小乔木及灌木＋地被灌木＋草本。建议在构建较高物种多样性植物群落的同时,优先选择乡土野生花卉。     

关帝山林区森林植被生物多样性研究

根据物种多样性测度公式,把19块标地按乔木层、灌木层、草本层3个层次,分别计算各标地的物种多样性指数。根据计算结果,指出：各森林群落物种丰富度均表现为草本层〉灌木层〉乔木层的特点。多样性指数总体趋势因森林群落不同而有所差异：落叶松森林群落表现为草本层〉灌木层〉乔木层;油松、桦树、杨树森林群落表现为灌木层〉草本层〉乔木层;各森林群落中草本层与灌木层多样性指数均比较接近。并根据研究结果对关帝林区今后的森林经营方向提出了几点可行性建议。     

大石门沟森林公园群落结构与物种多样性特征

采用典型样地法,利用物种多样性指数、均匀度指数、生态优势度指数分析大石门沟森林公园群落结构和物种多样性.结果表明:1)乔木和草本种类丰富,但灌木种类较少.调查区域内乔木共28种,灌木26种,草本91种,分属58科107属,各种类主要以阔叶落叶种为主;2)群落水平结构分布规律不明显,但在垂直结构上呈现出一定的规律性,可分为乔木层、草本层、灌木层.乔木层和草本层结构相对复杂稳定,灌木层结构单一;3)各群落乔木层优势种明显,群落Ⅰ、群落Ⅱ、群落Ⅲ都由3~4个优势种组成,群落Ⅳ乔木层只有1种优势种,如果不进行人工干预,短时间不会改变这种状况;4)群落间的物种多样性指数差异不显著,但各群落的灌木层多样性指数远小于乔木层和草本层,即草本层乔木层灌木层,物种多样性与物种丰富度和分布均匀度呈正相关.整体来看,大石门沟森林公园物种多样性指数整体趋势为群落Ⅱ群落Ⅲ群落Ⅰ群落Ⅳ.     

七星公园植物多样性调查研究

为了解植物区域化分布特点及多样性,分别应用物种丰富度指数（S）、多样性指数（Shannon-Wiener指数）、优势度指数（Simpson指数）和均匀度指数（E）对七星公园植物群落进行了研究.结果表明：样方内植物乔木有9种,灌木7种,草本4种.表现出的丰富度指数为灌木层〉乔木层〉草本层;Shannon-Wiener指数为乔木层〉灌木层〉草本层;Simpson指数为乔木层〉草本层〉灌木层;Pielou均匀度指数为草本层〉乔木层〉灌木层.     

井冈山自然保护区甜槠群落物种多样性分析

以甜槠群落6个样地调查资料为基础，对该群落的区系组成和不同样地、不同层次的物种多样性进行了分析，结果表明：(1)甜槠群落中有维管植物59科85属116种(含变种)；属的地理成分以热带成分占优势，温带成分占有一定的比例．(2)乔木层、灌木层和草本层的各项物种多样性指标在群落各样地间均有一定的差异；在群落垂直结构中，灌木层的多样性指数最大，乔木层次之，草本层最小．     

山西太行山森林群落物种多样性研究

采用物种丰富度指数R、Simpson指数λ、Shannon-Weiner指数H’和Pielou均匀度指数Jsw分析了山西太行山森林群落物种组成、群落不同层次物种多样性,以及多样性的环境解释。结果表明:1)40个样地的201种植物隶属于58科151属,群落垂直结构明显;2)多样性指数在群落各层中的变化情况总体上表现为R在草本层中变幅较大,而λ和H’在乔木层和灌木层变化幅度较大,均匀度指数在草本层变化不明显,意味着草本分布较均匀;3)影响物种多样性的生态因子主要是坡向和坡度。     

雷山杜鹃群落特征及其物种多样性分析

为保护雷山杜鹃这一贵州特有野生杜鹃种,调查了雷山杜鹃野生资源及生境状况,并对其群落基本特征和物种多样性进行分析。结果表明,雷山杜鹃分布范围狭窄,仅集中分布在雷公山上部海拔2 155 m左右的区域,仅有1个雷山杜鹃群落,且林下仅见一、二年生幼苗;雷山杜鹃群落由多种生活型植物组成,其中以高位芽植物占优势,垂直结构以雷山杜鹃为主的乔木层占优势,主要灌木和草本植物均呈斑块状镶嵌;雷山杜鹃群落多样性特征表现为:Pielou指数,草本层灌木层乔木层;Shannon-Wiener指数,草本层灌木层乔木层;Simpson指数,乔木层草本层灌木层,根据以上数值可知雷山杜鹃群落草本层的物种最为丰富,分布更为均匀,乔木层与草本层的优势种非常明显。     

梅子湖风景区森林植被的物种多样性研究

采用物种丰富度、Simpson指数、Shannon-weiner指数及Pielou均匀度指数研究梅子湖森林植被的物种多样性。4个物种多样性指数总体上表现出相同的变化趋势．在群落不同层次的变化规律为：灌木层〉乔木层〉草本层；不同植被类型的物种多样性特征是：常绿阔叶林〉暖性针叶林.人为因子的干扰对梅子湖森林植被的物种多样性有较大的影响：     

凉水国家级自然保护区森林群落结构及物种多样性分析

利用在凉水国家级自然保护区设置的9个样方的调查资料,用丰富度指数、多样性指数和均匀度指数对该区主要森林群落结构及物种多样性进行了分析研究.结果表明,不同群落间的物种多样性存在差异,主要表现为生于坡地的森林群落类型的物种多样性指数总体上高于生于谷地的云冷杉林和红皮云杉林.同一群落不同层次的物种多样性也存在差异,丰富度指数除在云冷杉林和红皮云林中表现为草本层>乔木层>灌木层外,其它群落中均表现为草本层>灌木层>乔木层;均匀度指数在谷地云冷杉林和红皮云林及坡地毛缘苔草毛榛子红松林中表现为草本层>灌木层>乔木层,在其它群落中均表现为灌木层>草本层>乔木层;Simpson指数和Shannon-Wiener指数在各群落间变化比较复杂,但其变化趋势相同.群落的物种多样性还与群落所处的演替阶段有关,就凉水国家级自然保护区内的红松林而言,随着群落的演替,丰富度和Shannon-Wiener多样性指数呈现增加的趋势,当到达顶级群落时又略有降低;而Simpson指数和Pielou均匀度指数变化不明显.     

井冈山自然保护区甜槠群落物种多样性分析

以甜槠群落6个样地调查资料为基础,对该群落的区系组成和不同样地、不同层次的物种多样性进行了分析,结果表明:(1)甜槠群落中有维管植物59科85属116种(含变种);属的地理成分以热带成分占优势,温带成分占有一定的比例。(2)乔木层、灌木层和草本层的各项物种多样性指标在群落各样地间均有一定的差异;在群落垂直结构中,灌木层的多样性指数最大,乔木层次之,草本层最小。     

An Index mechanism for multi-scale view in spatial databases

There are numerous geometric objects stored in the spatial databases. An importance function in a spatial database is that users can browse the geometric objects as a map efficiently. Thus the spatial database should display the geometric objects users concern about swiftly onto the display window. This process includes two operations:retrieve data from database and then draw them onto screen. Accordingly, to improve the efficiency, we should try to reduce time of both retrieving object and displaying them. The former can be achieved with the aid of spatial index such as R-tree, the latter require to simplify the objects. Simplification means that objects are shown with sufficient but not with unnecessary detail which depend on the scale of browse. So the major problem is how to retrieve data at different detail level efficiently. This paper introduces the implementation of a multi-scale index in the spatial database SISP (Spatial Information Shared Platform) which is generalized from R-tree. The difference between the generalization and the R-tree lies on two facets: One is that every node and geometric object in the generalization is assigned with a importance value which denote the importance of them, and every vertex in the objects are assigned with a importance value,too. The importance value can be use to decide which data should be retrieve from disk in a query. The other difference is that geometric objects in the generalization are divided into one or more sub-blocks, and vertexes are total ordered by their importance value. With the help of the generalized R-tree, one can easily retrieve data at different detail levels.Some experiments are performed on real-life data to evaluate the performance of solutions that separately use normal spatial index and multi-scale spatial index. The results show that the solution using multi-scale index in SISP is satisfying.     

Characterization of Ordovician carbonate reservoirs, southeastern Saskatchewan, Canada

The discovery of the prolific Ordovician Red River reservoirs in 1995 in southeastern Saskatchewan was the catalyst for extensive exploration activity which resulted in the discovery of more than 15 new Red River pools. The best yields of Red River production to date have been from dolomite reservoirs. Understanding the processes of dolomitization is, therefore, crucial for the prediction of the connectivity, spatial distribution and heterogeneity of dolomite reservoirs.The Red River reservoirs in the Midale area consist of 3～4 thin dolomitized zones, with a total thickness of about 20 m, which occur at the top of the Yeoman Formation. Two types of replacement dolomite were recognized in the Red River reservoir: dolomitized burrow infills and dolomitized host matrix. The spatial distribution of dolomite suggests that burrowing organisms played an important role in facilitating the fluid flow in the backfilled sediments. This resulted in penecontemporaneous dolomitization of burrow infills by normal seawater. The dolomite in the host matrix is interpreted as having occurred at shallow burial by evaporitic seawater during precipitation of Lake Almar anhydrite that immediately overlies the Yeoman Formation. However, the low δ18O values of dolomited burrow infills (-5.9‰～ -7.8‰, PDB) and matrix dolomites (-6.6‰～ -8.1‰, avg. -7.4‰ PDB) compared to the estimated values for the late Ordovician marine dolomite could be attributed to modification and alteration of dolomite at higher temperatures during deeper burial, which could also be responsible for its 87Sr/86Sr ratios (0.7084～0.7088) that are higher than suggested for the late Ordovician seawaters (0.7078～0.7080). The trace amounts of saddle dolomite cement in the Red River carbonates are probably related to "cannibalization" of earlier replacement dolomite during the chemical compaction.     

A computer generator for randomly layered structures

AcomputergeneratorforrandomlylayeredstructuresYUJia shun1,2,HEZhen hua2(1.TheInstituteofGeologicalandNuclearSciences,NewZealand;2.StateKeyLaboratoryofOilandGasReservoirGeologyandExploitation,ChengduUniversityofTechnology,China)Abstract:Analgorithmisintrod…     

Perspherical Approaches for Electrons in Atoms and Charged Excitons in Quantum Wells

Instead of following Fock’s expansion,we solve the Schrodinger equation for some quantum mechanical manybody systems such as electrons in atoms and charged excitons in quantum wells in a similar way in hyperspherical coordinates by expanding the wave functions into orthonormal complete basis sets of the hyperspherical hannonics(HHs)of hyperangles and generalized Laguerre polynomials(GLPs)of the hyperradius.This leads the equation to     

Advances in broadband wireless communications under high-mobility scenarios

Future mobile communication systems aim at providing very high data transmission rates, even in high-mobility scenarios such as high-speed wheel-track trains, maglev trains, highway vehicles, airplanes, guided missiles or spacecraft. A particularly important commercial application is the strong and increasing worldwide demand for high- speed broadband wireless communications （up to 574.8 km/ h test speeds or 380 km/h commercial speeds） in railways, providing data, voice and video services for applications such as onboard entertainment services to passengers, train control, train dispatch, train sensor status handling and sur- veillance. In such high-mobility scenarios, there are a number of communication challenges, including fast hand- over, location updating, high-speed channel modeling, estimation and equalization, anti-Doppler spreading tech- niques, fast power control, and dedicated network architec- ture. Because signal transmission in very high-speed scenarios will inevitably experience serious deterioration, it is imperative to develop key broadband mobile communi- cation techniques for such high-speed vehicles.     

Wuhan University Journal of Natural Sciences TOTAL CONTENTS

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海南岛地体及其毗邻陆缘晚中生代—新生代古地磁研究和构造演化

本文叙述了对海南岛及其毗邻大陆边缘白垩纪到第四纪地层岩石进行古地磁研究的全部工作过程。通过分析岩石中剩余磁矢量的磁偏角及磁倾角的变化,提出海南岛白垩纪以来经历的构造演化模式如下:早期伴随顺时针旋转而向南迁移,后期伴随逆时针转动并向北运移。联系该地区及邻区的地质、地球物理资料,对海南岛上述的构造地体运动提出以下认识:北部湾内早期有一拉张作用,主要是该作用使湾内地壳显著伸长减薄,形成北部湾盆地。从而导致了海南岛的早期构造运动,而海南岛后期的构造运动则主要是受南海海底扩张的影响。海南地体运动规律的阐明对于了解北部湾油气盆地的形成演化有重要的理论和实际意义。     

Scale-based spatial data model for GIS

Being the primary media of geographical information and the elementary objects manipulated, almost all of maps adopt the layer-based model to represent geographic information in the existent GIS. However, it is difficult to extend the map represented in layer-based model. Furthermore, in Web-Based GIS, It is slow to transmit the spatial data for map viewing. In this paper, for solving the questions above, we have proposed a new method for representing the spatial data. That is scale-based model. In this model we represent maps in three levels: scale-view, block, and spatial object, and organize the maps in a set of map layers, named Scale-View, which associates some given scales.Lastly, a prototype Web-Based GIS using the proposed spatial data representation is described briefly.     

Exciton Seebeck in Molecular Systems

Various applications relevant to the exciton dynamics,such as the organic solar cell,the large-area organic light-emitting diodes and the thermoelectricity,are operating under temperature gradient.The potential abnormal behavior of the exicton dynamics driven by the temperature difference may affect the efficiency and performance of the corresponding devices.In the above situations,the exciton dynamics under temperature difference is mixed with     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

The elongation method,originally proposed by Imamura was further developed for many years in our group.As a method towards O(N)with high efficiency and high accuracy for any dimensional systems.This treatment designed for one-dimensional(ID)polymers is now available for three-dimensional(3D)systems,but geometry optimization is now possible only for 1D-systems.As an approach toward post-Hartree-Fock,it was also extended to