超声法提取萹蓄总黄酮的正交试验研究

采用正交试验法优化篇蓄总黄酮的超声波提取工艺,系统考察了乙醇体积分数、料液比、超声温度、超声时间对总黄酮提取量的影响.篇蓄总黄酮的最佳提取工艺如下:料液比为1∶25,超声温度为45℃,超声萃取时间为25 min,乙醇体积分数为90％.此条件下总黄酮得率为12.012 mg/g.     

杏鲍菇菌糠中总黄酮的超声提取工艺初探

为有效开发利用杏鲍菇菌糠,本文以总黄酮得率为指标,利用单因素和正交试验设计探讨了乙醇浓度、料液比、超声时间、水浴温度对杏鲍菇菌糠中总黄酮的超声波法提取工艺的影响。结果表明:超声提取杏鲍菇菌糠中总黄酮的最佳提取工艺为乙醇体积分数为70%,料液比1∶35(g/m L),超声时间20 min,提取温度70℃,该提取条件下,总黄酮的含量为2.852 mg/g。     

沱茶总黄酮的提取及含量测定

采用超声波乙醇法从云南沱茶中提取总黄酮类化合物,单因素实验分析乙醇浓度、提取时间和料液比3个因素对沱茶总黄酮得率的影响.结果表明,以乙醇浓度φ=70%、提取时间30 min,料液比(g/m L)1∶30为超声法最佳提取工艺,提取总黄酮得率为5.978 mg/g,平均回收率为99.83%,RSD=0.96%(n=3),旨在为进一步综合开发利用云南沱茶提供参考依据.     

响应面法优化苍耳子总黄酮超声辅助提取工艺

目的:对超声辅助提取苍耳子中总黄酮的工艺条件进行优化.方法:通过单因素试验,考察乙醇体积分数、料液比、浸泡时间和超声时间等因素对超声辅助提取苍耳子总黄酮过程的影响.在此基础上,进行Box-Beknhen中心组合设计,以苍耳子总黄酮提取得率为响应值,采用响应面分析法研究各因素及其交互作用对苍耳子总黄酮提取率的影响.结果:实验优化得出超声辅助提取苍耳子中总黄酮的最佳提取工艺为乙醇体积分数61%、料液比1︰26 g/mL、浸泡时间15 h、超声提取时间26 min.结论:在上述条件下,苍耳子总黄酮的得率可以达到44.15 mg/g,与模型预测值基本一致.     

Box-Benhnken设计优化长萼堇菜总黄酮提取工艺

目的:确定长萼堇菜总黄酮超声辅助提取较佳工艺条件.方法:在单因素实验基础上,选择料液比、乙醇浓度、超声时间为考察因素,以长萼堇菜总黄酮提取量为指标,采用Box-Benhnken设计优化其提取条件.结果:长萼堇菜总黄酮较佳提取工艺为:超声时间16 min、料液比1︰21(g/mL)、乙醇浓度81%.在此条件下,通过模拟得到的二次回归方程预测模型,预测的总黄酮得率为21.39 mg/g,实测值为21.21 mg/g,预测值与实测值符合良好.结论:采用BoxBenhnken设计法分析结果可靠,得到了长萼堇菜总黄酮超声辅助提取的较佳工艺条件.     

小叶素馨叶总黄酮超声提取工艺优化

在四个单因素(乙醇浓度、液料比、提取温度、超声时间)实验基础上,采用Box-Behnken design软件设计优化小叶素馨叶中总黄酮的提取工艺.实验得出影响其得率的单因素的大小顺序为:超声温度(A)乙醇浓度(B)料液比(C)超声时间(D).二次方A~2、B~2、C~2和D~2的PrF值均小于0.000 1,影响极显著,交互项AC、BC和CD影响极显著,其余均不显著.小叶素馨叶中总黄酮较佳工艺参数为乙醇浓度为65%、料液比为1︰30、超声时间为45 min,超声温度为60℃,总黄酮提取得率为1.687 mg/g,RSD=1.15%,与模型预测值1.69 mg/g相符合.响应面优化的小叶素馨叶中总黄酮的超声提取工艺稳定、可行.     

响应面法优化野生五叶草莓总黄酮提取工艺

采用超声波辅助乙醇浸提法探索甘肃陇南产野生五叶草莓中总黄酮的最佳提取工艺条件。在单因素试验基础上,以料液比、超声时间、超声温度和乙醇体积分数为自变量,总黄酮提取率为因变量,利用Box-Behnken四因素三水平中心组合设计,对总黄酮提取工艺进行优化。结果表明,最佳提取工艺为:液料比12∶1(m L/g)、超声时间27 min、超声温度59℃和乙醇体积分数61%,野生五叶草莓总黄酮提取率实际可达10. 68 mg/g。超声波辅助乙醇浸提法的总黄酮得率为传统水浴回流法的2. 1倍,且该方法操作简单,重复性好。研究结果能为五叶草莓总黄酮的开发利用提供参考。     

女贞子中总黄酮的超声提取工艺研究

目的:研究女贞子中总黄酮的超声提取工艺.方法:以芦丁作为对照品,总黄酮提取率为指标,采用正交试验优化乙醇浓度、提取次数、超声时间、料液比对总黄酮提取率的影响.结果:所考察的因素对女贞子总黄酮的提取率影响顺序为:提取次数超声时间料液比乙醇浓度,优化的提取条件:乙醇体积分数为40%、料液质量体积比1:25(g:mL),超声提取3次,每次超声处理1 h.结论:该超声提取工艺易于操作,不需加热,提取效率高,提取率为60.6mg·g-1,即每1g女贞子可提取60.6 mg总黄酮.     

正交优化知母黄酮超声提取工艺及抗氧化研究

[目的]研究知母根茎总黄酮的超声波提取工艺并对体外抗氧化性进行测定.[方法]考察以乙醇为溶剂时液料比、超声温度、超声功率、超声时间对提取率的影响,并用正交法筛选最佳工艺.[结果]实验表明:各因素对知母总黄酮萃取得率的影响由大到小依次为液料比、超声功率、超声温度、超声时间;最佳提取工艺条件为:液料比40∶1(mL/g)、超声温度60℃、超声时间45min、超声功率150 W,此条件下总黄酮提取率高达1.53%.[结论]由自由基清除试验可知,知母总黄酮抗氧化能力与其浓度呈正向量效关系,对·OH和DPPH·的清除效率分别可达60.2%,76.5%,显示其具较强的体外抗氧化能力.     

溶剂法提取松子壳总黄酮工艺的研究

探究松子壳中总黄酮的最佳提取工艺条件.以松子壳粉为原材料,利用乙醇水浴加热提取,研究了提取时间、提取温度、乙醇体积分数、料液比对松子壳中总黄酮得率的影响,以总黄酮得率为响应值,进行响应面分析.结果表明松子壳的最佳提取工艺条件为:乙醇体积分数62%、料液比1︰28、提取温度60℃、提取时间1.2 h.此条件下松子壳中总黄酮的预测得率为5.878 mg/g,实际值为5.882 mg/g,实际值与预测值接近,说明响应面法分析结果较为合理、简单,可以得到松子壳提取总黄酮的最佳工艺条件.     

Characterization of Ordovician carbonate reservoirs, southeastern Saskatchewan, Canada

The discovery of the prolific Ordovician Red River reservoirs in 1995 in southeastern Saskatchewan was the catalyst for extensive exploration activity which resulted in the discovery of more than 15 new Red River pools. The best yields of Red River production to date have been from dolomite reservoirs. Understanding the processes of dolomitization is, therefore, crucial for the prediction of the connectivity, spatial distribution and heterogeneity of dolomite reservoirs.The Red River reservoirs in the Midale area consist of 3～4 thin dolomitized zones, with a total thickness of about 20 m, which occur at the top of the Yeoman Formation. Two types of replacement dolomite were recognized in the Red River reservoir: dolomitized burrow infills and dolomitized host matrix. The spatial distribution of dolomite suggests that burrowing organisms played an important role in facilitating the fluid flow in the backfilled sediments. This resulted in penecontemporaneous dolomitization of burrow infills by normal seawater. The dolomite in the host matrix is interpreted as having occurred at shallow burial by evaporitic seawater during precipitation of Lake Almar anhydrite that immediately overlies the Yeoman Formation. However, the low δ18O values of dolomited burrow infills (-5.9‰～ -7.8‰, PDB) and matrix dolomites (-6.6‰～ -8.1‰, avg. -7.4‰ PDB) compared to the estimated values for the late Ordovician marine dolomite could be attributed to modification and alteration of dolomite at higher temperatures during deeper burial, which could also be responsible for its 87Sr/86Sr ratios (0.7084～0.7088) that are higher than suggested for the late Ordovician seawaters (0.7078～0.7080). The trace amounts of saddle dolomite cement in the Red River carbonates are probably related to "cannibalization" of earlier replacement dolomite during the chemical compaction.     

An Index mechanism for multi-scale view in spatial databases

There are numerous geometric objects stored in the spatial databases. An importance function in a spatial database is that users can browse the geometric objects as a map efficiently. Thus the spatial database should display the geometric objects users concern about swiftly onto the display window. This process includes two operations:retrieve data from database and then draw them onto screen. Accordingly, to improve the efficiency, we should try to reduce time of both retrieving object and displaying them. The former can be achieved with the aid of spatial index such as R-tree, the latter require to simplify the objects. Simplification means that objects are shown with sufficient but not with unnecessary detail which depend on the scale of browse. So the major problem is how to retrieve data at different detail level efficiently. This paper introduces the implementation of a multi-scale index in the spatial database SISP (Spatial Information Shared Platform) which is generalized from R-tree. The difference between the generalization and the R-tree lies on two facets: One is that every node and geometric object in the generalization is assigned with a importance value which denote the importance of them, and every vertex in the objects are assigned with a importance value,too. The importance value can be use to decide which data should be retrieve from disk in a query. The other difference is that geometric objects in the generalization are divided into one or more sub-blocks, and vertexes are total ordered by their importance value. With the help of the generalized R-tree, one can easily retrieve data at different detail levels.Some experiments are performed on real-life data to evaluate the performance of solutions that separately use normal spatial index and multi-scale spatial index. The results show that the solution using multi-scale index in SISP is satisfying.     

A computer generator for randomly layered structures

AcomputergeneratorforrandomlylayeredstructuresYUJia shun1,2,HEZhen hua2(1.TheInstituteofGeologicalandNuclearSciences,NewZealand;2.StateKeyLaboratoryofOilandGasReservoirGeologyandExploitation,ChengduUniversityofTechnology,China)Abstract:Analgorithmisintrod…     

海南岛地体及其毗邻陆缘晚中生代—新生代古地磁研究和构造演化

本文叙述了对海南岛及其毗邻大陆边缘白垩纪到第四纪地层岩石进行古地磁研究的全部工作过程。通过分析岩石中剩余磁矢量的磁偏角及磁倾角的变化,提出海南岛白垩纪以来经历的构造演化模式如下:早期伴随顺时针旋转而向南迁移,后期伴随逆时针转动并向北运移。联系该地区及邻区的地质、地球物理资料,对海南岛上述的构造地体运动提出以下认识:北部湾内早期有一拉张作用,主要是该作用使湾内地壳显著伸长减薄,形成北部湾盆地。从而导致了海南岛的早期构造运动,而海南岛后期的构造运动则主要是受南海海底扩张的影响。海南地体运动规律的阐明对于了解北部湾油气盆地的形成演化有重要的理论和实际意义。     

Exciton Seebeck in Molecular Systems

Various applications relevant to the exciton dynamics,such as the organic solar cell,the large-area organic light-emitting diodes and the thermoelectricity,are operating under temperature gradient.The potential abnormal behavior of the exicton dynamics driven by the temperature difference may affect the efficiency and performance of the corresponding devices.In the above situations,the exciton dynamics under temperature difference is mixed with     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

The elongation method,originally proposed by Imamura was further developed for many years in our group.As a method towards O(N)with high efficiency and high accuracy for any dimensional systems.This treatment designed for one-dimensional(ID)polymers is now available for three-dimensional(3D)systems,but geometry optimization is now possible only for 1D-systems.As an approach toward post-Hartree-Fock,it was also extended to     

《Chinese Science Bulletin》SUBJECT INDEX TO VOLUME 59(2014)

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An on-line scaling method for improving scalability of a database cluster

The explosive growth of the Internet and database applications has driven database to be more scalable and available, and able to support on-line scaling without interrupting service. To support more client's queries without downtime and degrading the response time, more nodes have to be scaled up while the database is running. This paper presents the overview of scalable and available database that satisfies the above characteristics. And we propose a novel on-line scaling method. Our method improves the existing on-line scaling method for fast response time and higher throughputs. Our proposed method reduces unnecessary network use, i.e. , we decrease the number of data copy by reusing the backup data. Also, our on-line scaling operation can be processed parallel by selecting adequate nodes as new node. Our performance study shows that our method results in significant reduction in data copy time.     

An improved R-tree based on childnode''s probability

R-Tree is a good structure for spatial searching. But in this indexing structure,either the sequence of nodes in the same level or sequence of traveling these nodes when queries are made is random. Since the possibility that the object appears in different MBR which have the same parents node is different, if we make the subnode who has the most possibility be traveled first, the time cost will be decreased in most of the cases. In some case, the possibility of a point belong to a rectangle will shows direct proportion with the size of the rectangle. But this conclusion is based on an assumption that the objects are symmetrically distributing in the area and this assumption is not always coming into existence. Now we found a more direct parameter to scale the possibility and made a little change on the structure of R-tree, to increase the possibility of founding the satisfying answer in the front sub trees. We names this structure probability based arranged R-tree (PBAR-tree).     

Integrating GIS Web services based on mediating architecture

The geographic information service is enabled by the advancements in general Web service technology and the focused efforts of the OGC in defining XML-based Web GIS service. Based on these models, this paper addresses the issue of services chaining,the process of combining or pipelining results from several interoperable GIS Web Services to create a customized solution. This paper presents a mediated chaining architecture in which a specific service takes responsibility for performing the process that describes a service chain. We designed the Spatial Information Process Language (SIPL) for dynamic modeling and describing the service chain, also a prototype of the Spatial Information Process Execution Engine (SIPEE) is implemented for executing processes written in SIPL. Discussion of measures to improve the functionality and performance of such system will be included.