不同湍流模型数值模拟三维轴对称凸体分离流动的比较

采用基于非结构化网格的有限体积法对三维轴对称凸体分离流动进行了数值模拟.分别采用标准k-ε模型、可实现(Realizable)k-ε模型、低Re数k-ε模型、剪切应力输运(Shear Stress Transport,SST)k-ω模型和低Re数SST k-ω模型,进行了数值模拟和计算.给出了计算模型、流场网格以及计算结果,并与实验结果进行了对比,结果发现:低Re数k-ε模型模拟效果最佳,与实验结果最为接近.     

微通道内流的微尺度粒子图像测速技术实验研究

采用微流动粒子图像测速技术Micro-PIV对0.4~0.8 mm的方形截面微通道流场进行了研究.实验选取3μm的荧光染色微球作为示踪粒子,使用532 nm激光、12位灰阶电荷耦合器件(CCD)相机及10倍显微物镜得到粒子图像.通过背景噪声处理技术提高了图像信噪比,并采用系综相关及回归算法得到了微通道截面的速度分布,测量的空间分辨率达到23.68μm×23.68μm×15.64μm.为了消除壁面随机粗糙分布的影响,采用沿流向进行空间平均方法得到了充分发展的方形截面微通道速度分布.将测量结果与方形截面理论幂函数速度廓线进行比较发现:微通道近壁区流场受到扰动的强弱和流道尺寸直接相关,除近壁区外的大部分区域速度分布与矩形截面流道理论速度分布符合良好.     

狭缝宽度对分离式柱肋冷却通道内传热与流动影响的数值计算

在雷诺数为8 200~52 500内分别针对宽度为1.0,1.5,2.0,2.5mm的分离式柱肋冷却通道和同类型的柱肋冷却通道进行了传热特性和流动性能的三维稳态数值计算研究.数值计算采用结合加强壁面处理的realizable k-ε模型.将计算结果进行网格独立性验证和实验验证以保证数值计算的准确性.在所研究的Re数范围内着重分析了分离式柱肋中间狭缝宽度对冷却通道内流场和局部换热特性的影响.数值计算结果表明:分离式柱肋狭缝宽度对冷却效果有很大的影响,在研究的Re数范围内,分离式柱肋存在一个最优宽度,使得冷却效果最佳.     

三种湍流对Scramjet燃烧室冷态流场的数值模拟

为验证从超音速混合层中发展而来的修正可压缩性(包括膨胀可压缩性和结构可压缩性两部分)的k-ε湍流模型对复杂超音速流场的预测能力,对复杂的超音速燃烧冲压发动机(Scramjet)燃烧室冷态流场进行数值模拟.将修正k-ε模型、标准k-ε模型以及标准k-ω SST模型的计算结果与实验结果进行了对比.结果表明,修正k-ε模型能够较好地预测该复杂流场,对湍流动能的预测改进较大,优于k-ω SST的结果,与实验吻合得较好;壁面压力分布以及速度分布在激波附近修正明显,与实验结果更加吻合.     

零方程湍流模型在列车车厢内气流数值模拟中的应用

采用k-ε湍流模型对列车车厢内气流进行数值模拟需要消耗大量的计算时间，为此，提出了采用零方程湍流模型对列车车厢内的气流组织进行数值模拟；分别采用零方程湍流模型与k-ε湍流模型对列车车厢内的空气流动及传热进行了数值计算，经分析比较可知，该两种湍流模型的数值计算结果吻合程度较好，采用零方程湍流模型可大大缩短计算时间，利用其简单、快捷的特点，可以为列车空调系统的工程设计提供简便的数值模拟方法。     

弹丸湍流流场数值计算研究

该文对弹丸粘性绕流流进行了数值模拟研究。 数值模拟的出发方程为雷诺平均的Navier-Stokes方程,湍流模型采用了高雷诺数k-ε两方程模型,应用二阶的TVD格式,给出了SOC形弹丸的流场波系结构和湍流粘性系数的分布规律。结果表明,该数值计算方法可以取得高精度清晰度的流场结构。     

飞机后设备舱自然对流换热的实验与模拟

飞机后设备舱内换热是涉及自然对流与辐射换热耦合的复杂问题,选择合适的计算模型,利用CFD数值模拟进行计算分析是解决此类问题的简便方法.针对这一问题,搭建了一个可控热边界的实验台,通过实验测量了壁面温度等作为CFD数值模拟的边界条件,采用RNG k-ε湍流模型和DO辐射模型进行计算预测.通过对比实验结果与CFD模拟计算结果,发现RNG k-ε湍流模型能较好地预测封闭空间自然对流温度场和流场,自然对流换热和辐射换热分别占总换热量的89%,和11%,.     

波瓣混合器混合流场中涡结构的数值研究

以FLUENT程序为研究平台,分别采用标准k-ε、RNG k-ε、Realizable k-ε、SST k-ω以及S-A五种湍流模型,对航空发动机混合排气系统中常用的波瓣混合器的流场,进行了三维数值模拟。与实验测量数据对比可知,所采用的计算方法能够较好地描述波瓣混合器复杂流场中流向涡、正交涡形状以及涡量沿流动方向的变化规律。在各种湍流模型中,Realizable k-ε在流向涡以及正交涡涡量大小的描述方面较其他模型更为精确。     

稳态射流数值模拟中速度参量对传热的影响机制分析

对文献中多个槽缝冲击射流的经典实验结果进行数值模拟,考察RNG k-ε和Transition SST湍流模型的表现,主要分析射流出口中心线和展向、壁面射流区域的雷诺时均速度和湍流度分布,以及靶面换热效果与流场模拟结果之间的关系.模拟结果表明,与Transition SST湍流模型相比,RNG k-ε模型的结果表现出更强的湍流粘性,使得其中心线上速度衰减较快,该效果可能导致低估靶面上的冲击换热效果;而在冲击滞止区域,RNG k-ε湍流模型结果表现出过高的湍动能,该效果可能导致高估靶面上的冲击换热效果.因此,当射流雷诺数较小时,Transition SST模型所得滞止区换热系数要高于RNG k-ε模型的结果,反之亦然;而在壁面射流区域,RNG k-ε模型对于流场速度的模拟较好,但相应区域的传热模拟并没有表现出明显的优越性.     

高温气体流过圆管时壁面发散冷却的数值模拟

对超高温燃烧室发散冷却全场进行有效的数值模拟对燃烧室材料结构设计具有重要的意义。该文通过FLUENT 6.1,采用RNG k-ε湍流模型,建立了高温气体流过圆管时多孔介质壁面发散冷却的全场耦合数值计算模型。该模型计算结果与低温氦气、低温空气发散冷却实验结果基本吻合。该文研究了常温氢气对超高温燃烧室内燃气的发散冷却,结果表明,忽略对流传质边界层的影响会导致计算预测的壁面温度偏高,忽略孔隙率局部分布的不均匀性会导致冷却壁面端部出现高温计算结果,这不符合常理。在注入率为1%左右时,冷却壁面温度在400~900 K的范围内,壁面局部热流密度降至200 kW/m2左右,可以满足航天器燃烧室保护壁面的需要。     

An Index mechanism for multi-scale view in spatial databases

There are numerous geometric objects stored in the spatial databases. An importance function in a spatial database is that users can browse the geometric objects as a map efficiently. Thus the spatial database should display the geometric objects users concern about swiftly onto the display window. This process includes two operations:retrieve data from database and then draw them onto screen. Accordingly, to improve the efficiency, we should try to reduce time of both retrieving object and displaying them. The former can be achieved with the aid of spatial index such as R-tree, the latter require to simplify the objects. Simplification means that objects are shown with sufficient but not with unnecessary detail which depend on the scale of browse. So the major problem is how to retrieve data at different detail level efficiently. This paper introduces the implementation of a multi-scale index in the spatial database SISP (Spatial Information Shared Platform) which is generalized from R-tree. The difference between the generalization and the R-tree lies on two facets: One is that every node and geometric object in the generalization is assigned with a importance value which denote the importance of them, and every vertex in the objects are assigned with a importance value,too. The importance value can be use to decide which data should be retrieve from disk in a query. The other difference is that geometric objects in the generalization are divided into one or more sub-blocks, and vertexes are total ordered by their importance value. With the help of the generalized R-tree, one can easily retrieve data at different detail levels.Some experiments are performed on real-life data to evaluate the performance of solutions that separately use normal spatial index and multi-scale spatial index. The results show that the solution using multi-scale index in SISP is satisfying.     

Characterization of Ordovician carbonate reservoirs, southeastern Saskatchewan, Canada

The discovery of the prolific Ordovician Red River reservoirs in 1995 in southeastern Saskatchewan was the catalyst for extensive exploration activity which resulted in the discovery of more than 15 new Red River pools. The best yields of Red River production to date have been from dolomite reservoirs. Understanding the processes of dolomitization is, therefore, crucial for the prediction of the connectivity, spatial distribution and heterogeneity of dolomite reservoirs.The Red River reservoirs in the Midale area consist of 3～4 thin dolomitized zones, with a total thickness of about 20 m, which occur at the top of the Yeoman Formation. Two types of replacement dolomite were recognized in the Red River reservoir: dolomitized burrow infills and dolomitized host matrix. The spatial distribution of dolomite suggests that burrowing organisms played an important role in facilitating the fluid flow in the backfilled sediments. This resulted in penecontemporaneous dolomitization of burrow infills by normal seawater. The dolomite in the host matrix is interpreted as having occurred at shallow burial by evaporitic seawater during precipitation of Lake Almar anhydrite that immediately overlies the Yeoman Formation. However, the low δ18O values of dolomited burrow infills (-5.9‰～ -7.8‰, PDB) and matrix dolomites (-6.6‰～ -8.1‰, avg. -7.4‰ PDB) compared to the estimated values for the late Ordovician marine dolomite could be attributed to modification and alteration of dolomite at higher temperatures during deeper burial, which could also be responsible for its 87Sr/86Sr ratios (0.7084～0.7088) that are higher than suggested for the late Ordovician seawaters (0.7078～0.7080). The trace amounts of saddle dolomite cement in the Red River carbonates are probably related to "cannibalization" of earlier replacement dolomite during the chemical compaction.     

A computer generator for randomly layered structures

AcomputergeneratorforrandomlylayeredstructuresYUJia shun1,2,HEZhen hua2(1.TheInstituteofGeologicalandNuclearSciences,NewZealand;2.StateKeyLaboratoryofOilandGasReservoirGeologyandExploitation,ChengduUniversityofTechnology,China)Abstract:Analgorithmisintrod…     

Perspherical Approaches for Electrons in Atoms and Charged Excitons in Quantum Wells

Instead of following Fock’s expansion,we solve the Schrodinger equation for some quantum mechanical manybody systems such as electrons in atoms and charged excitons in quantum wells in a similar way in hyperspherical coordinates by expanding the wave functions into orthonormal complete basis sets of the hyperspherical hannonics(HHs)of hyperangles and generalized Laguerre polynomials(GLPs)of the hyperradius.This leads the equation to     

Advances in broadband wireless communications under high-mobility scenarios

Future mobile communication systems aim at providing very high data transmission rates, even in high-mobility scenarios such as high-speed wheel-track trains, maglev trains, highway vehicles, airplanes, guided missiles or spacecraft. A particularly important commercial application is the strong and increasing worldwide demand for high- speed broadband wireless communications （up to 574.8 km/ h test speeds or 380 km/h commercial speeds） in railways, providing data, voice and video services for applications such as onboard entertainment services to passengers, train control, train dispatch, train sensor status handling and sur- veillance. In such high-mobility scenarios, there are a number of communication challenges, including fast hand- over, location updating, high-speed channel modeling, estimation and equalization, anti-Doppler spreading tech- niques, fast power control, and dedicated network architec- ture. Because signal transmission in very high-speed scenarios will inevitably experience serious deterioration, it is imperative to develop key broadband mobile communi- cation techniques for such high-speed vehicles.     

Wuhan University Journal of Natural Sciences TOTAL CONTENTS

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海南岛地体及其毗邻陆缘晚中生代—新生代古地磁研究和构造演化

本文叙述了对海南岛及其毗邻大陆边缘白垩纪到第四纪地层岩石进行古地磁研究的全部工作过程。通过分析岩石中剩余磁矢量的磁偏角及磁倾角的变化,提出海南岛白垩纪以来经历的构造演化模式如下:早期伴随顺时针旋转而向南迁移,后期伴随逆时针转动并向北运移。联系该地区及邻区的地质、地球物理资料,对海南岛上述的构造地体运动提出以下认识:北部湾内早期有一拉张作用,主要是该作用使湾内地壳显著伸长减薄,形成北部湾盆地。从而导致了海南岛的早期构造运动,而海南岛后期的构造运动则主要是受南海海底扩张的影响。海南地体运动规律的阐明对于了解北部湾油气盆地的形成演化有重要的理论和实际意义。     

Scale-based spatial data model for GIS

Being the primary media of geographical information and the elementary objects manipulated, almost all of maps adopt the layer-based model to represent geographic information in the existent GIS. However, it is difficult to extend the map represented in layer-based model. Furthermore, in Web-Based GIS, It is slow to transmit the spatial data for map viewing. In this paper, for solving the questions above, we have proposed a new method for representing the spatial data. That is scale-based model. In this model we represent maps in three levels: scale-view, block, and spatial object, and organize the maps in a set of map layers, named Scale-View, which associates some given scales.Lastly, a prototype Web-Based GIS using the proposed spatial data representation is described briefly.     

Exciton Seebeck in Molecular Systems

Various applications relevant to the exciton dynamics,such as the organic solar cell,the large-area organic light-emitting diodes and the thermoelectricity,are operating under temperature gradient.The potential abnormal behavior of the exicton dynamics driven by the temperature difference may affect the efficiency and performance of the corresponding devices.In the above situations,the exciton dynamics under temperature difference is mixed with     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

The elongation method,originally proposed by Imamura was further developed for many years in our group.As a method towards O(N)with high efficiency and high accuracy for any dimensional systems.This treatment designed for one-dimensional(ID)polymers is now available for three-dimensional(3D)systems,but geometry optimization is now possible only for 1D-systems.As an approach toward post-Hartree-Fock,it was also extended to