一种新型锂盐LiBOB在固态聚合物电解质中的应用

选用LiBOB作为掺杂盐,聚氧化乙烯(PEO)为主体,采用溶液浇铸法制备出不同组成的聚合物电解质膜,运用差热分析、电化学阻抗谱和计时电流进行测试.结果表明:LiBOB·(PEO)n聚合物电解质具有较好的导电性能,锂盐的浓度对体系的结晶度和导电性能有很大的影响.随着锂盐LiBOB浓度的增加,电导率呈现先上升后下降的趋势.当n(O):n(Li)=16:1时,LiBOB·(PEO)n聚合物电解质室温下的电导率达到最高,为5.8μS/cm,锂离子迁移数为0.39.     

添加剂对于炭阳极活性的影响

通过测定加入锂盐的预焙炭阳极的极化曲线,表明锂盐的存在降低了铝电解的阳极过电压;极化曲线的Tafel方程分析表明,锂盐增加了炭阳极在电解铝过程中的活性·通过浸渍锂盐的活性石墨阳极的极化曲线的测定表明阳极过电压的降低主要是反应过电压降低所致,气膜过电压的测定证明了锂盐能够改善阳极与电解质的湿润性,从而降低阳极气膜过电压     

PUA对光固化PEO基高分子固体电解质性能的影响

将聚醚型(A1)和聚酯型(A2)两种特定结构的聚氨酯丙烯酸酯(PUA)分别与聚乙二醇丙烯酸双酯(PEGDA)、LiX、光引发剂等混合制成光敏体系,然后经UV固化得到高分子固体电解质(SPE)薄膜,并对其机械性能和导电性能进行了测定.结果表明:这两种固体电解质膜的机械性能都比纯聚氧乙烯(PEO)为基体的电解质膜好,加入适当比例的A1的电解质膜的导电性能与以PEO为基体的电解质膜相近,但加入A2的电解质膜的导电性能变差.     

MOF-5对PEO基电解质导锂及界面稳定性能的改善

以一种金属有机框架Zn4O(1,4-苯二甲酸)3(MOF-5)为填料,加入聚氧乙烯(Polyethylene oxide,PEO)中,以双三氟甲基磺酰亚胺锂(LiN(SO2CF3)2)为锂盐,通过溶液浇注法制备锂离子电池用复合电解质(Composite polymer electrolyte,CPE)膜。采用交流阻抗及其与电势阶跃相结合的方法分别对电解质的离子电导率和离子迁移数进行测定。另外,研究CPE与锂负极的界面稳定性以及计时电流曲线、阻抗随存储时间变化以及恒流极化循环曲线。研究结果表明:掺入质量分数为10%的MOF-5后,20℃时离子电导率从6.3×10-7 S/cm提高到最高的1.9×10-5S/cm,锂离子迁移数则随MOF-5质量分数的增加而增加,从质量分数为0时的0.012增加到20%时的0.232,表明MOF-5具有阴离子受体效应,对锂离子移动起到了很好的促进作用;MOF-5的加入明显提高了CPE与锂负极界面在静态存储及动态工作条件下的稳定性,进一步证明MOF-5能改善PEO基固体聚合物电解质关键性能。     

掺钒电解二氧化锰的放电特性及其某些理化性能(Ⅰ)

掺钒电解二氧化锰(EMD-V)样品是在合有VOSO_4的H_2SO_4-MnSO_4溶液中通过阳极氧化制备的。EMD-V样品在中性NH_4Cl-ZnCI_2电解质中的放电性能优于未掺杂EMD样品。X射线衍射图表明,EMD-V样品属于γ型MnO_2,具有纤维态结构。X射线光电子能谱分析表明,钒在EMD-V样品中以V_2O_5的形式存在。     

新型甲基丙烯酸酯类接枝共聚物电解质的制备与表征

以甲氧基聚乙二醇甲基丙烯酸酯(MPEGM)和十六烷基聚乙二醇甲基丙烯酸酯(HPEGM)为单体,采用自由基溶液聚合法制备无规接枝共聚物P(MPEGM-HPEGM),并以此共聚物为基体混合锂盐(LiClO4)制备全固态聚合物电解质。用红外光谱(FT-IR)、差热分析(DSC)和交流阻抗(EIS)等方法对聚合物和聚合物电解质的性能进行研究。结果表明:MPEGM和HPEGM共聚生成P(MPEGM-HPEGM);聚合物中聚氧化乙烯(PEO)链段的运动能力得到提高,有利于离子传输;聚合物电解质膜的电化学稳定性窗口达到4.5 V;在30℃时,当MPEGM与HPEGM的质量比为80∶20,锂盐与氧化乙烯(EO)的摩尔比为1∶20时,聚合物电解质的离子电导率达到最高7.6×10-5S/cm;离子电导率随着温度的升高而迅速增加,电导率-温度的关系符合VTF方程。     

阳极键合用微晶玻璃的组成与析晶性能

以Li2O-A12O3-SiO2(LAS)系统微晶玻璃为研究对象,目的是开发新型微晶玻璃以代替现有的阳极键合用耐热玻璃.采用传统熔体冷却方法,研究以TiO2,ZrO2和P2O5为晶核剂,以Sb2O3为澄清剂,以含Na2O,MgO,ZnO的Li2O-A12O3-SiO2系微晶玻璃为基础组成,采用二步法热处理制度制备出符合阳极键合要求的微晶玻璃材料.利用X射线衍射分析(XRD)、扫描电子显微分析(SEM)等测试技术对微晶玻璃的晶相和显微结构进行了测试与分析.结果表明,微晶玻璃的主晶相为β-锂辉石或β-石英固溶体,热膨胀系数为(20.207～31.113)×10-7℃-1.     

膨润土矿物固体电解质的制备及导电性能研究

以膨润土为原料,经硫酸处理后得到层状结构明显的矿物材料,通过制浆干燥的方法向层间有效插入Na+,制备了在室温下具有较高离子电导率的固体电解质.考察了矿物材料的微观结构、Na+含量及含水量对矿物材料电导率的影响,并用扫描电镜、能谱、红外光谱和X射线衍射对其结构进行了表征,结果表明,此法制备的膨润土矿物电解质材料在常温下离子电导率最高可达到7.81×10-4 S·cm-1,比传统的高温固相法提高了2倍.     

改性剂对PVA基碱性固体聚合物电解质性能的影响

为了改善PVA-KOH-H2O体系碱性固体聚合物电解质(ASPE)的性能,采用溶液浇铸法向其中添加改性剂制备复合电解质膜,利用X射线衍射仪(XRD)、循环伏安法(CV)和交流阻抗法(AC)等对电解质膜的物相和性能进行了表征.研究结果表明:聚合物电解质以无定形态为主,含极少量晶相,改性剂的适量添加可以降低电解质膜的结晶度增大无定形区域,离子电导率随PEO的加入先减小后增大,随增塑剂的加入先增大后减小,三种改性剂中GROL效果最好可达4.52×10-2 S/cm,电化学稳定窗口随改性剂的添加略微变窄,但仍显示了较好的电化学稳定性,当三种物质同时共混加入时电化学性能优于单个组分.该研究结论对制备高能量碱性固体电池具有一定的参考价值.     

含氟聚合物对电解质电导率的影响

采用溶液浇铸的方法制备了以PEO LiClO4(聚氧乙烯高氯酸锂)为基质的共混聚合物膜.运用差热示差扫描热分析和交流阻抗的测试方法,研究了聚合物电解质电导率的影响因素.交流阻抗的测试结果显示,随着PVDF(偏氟乙烯)的加入,含有PEO LiClO4的聚合物电解质的离子电导率会随之下降,然而偏氟乙烯六氟丙烯共聚物P(VDF HFP)加入后,在适量范围内聚合物电解质的电导率会增加.当PEO∶P(VDF HFP)的质量分数为1∶0.5时,电导率(δ)最大,其值为2.3×10-4S/cm.DSC的测试结果表明,P(VDF HFP)的加入后,混合物的熔融温度和熔融峰热焓都会随之下降.研究表明对PEO的共混改性可以显著提高电解质电导率.     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Lower Paleozoic oil relationships within Williston Basin, Canada

The Williston Basin is a significant petroleum province, containing oil production zones that include the Middle Cambrian to Lower Ordovician, Upper Ordovician, Middle Devonian, Upper Devonian and Mississippian and within the Jurassic and Cretaceous. The oils of the Williston Basin exhibit a wide range of geochemical characteristics defined as "oil families", although the geochemical signature of the Cambrian Deadwood Formation and Lower Ordovician Winnipeg reservoired oils does not match any "oil family". Despite their close stratigraphic proximity, it is evident that the oils of the Lower Palaeozoic within the Williston Basin are distinct. This suggests the presence of a new "oil family" within the Williston Basin. Diagnostic geochemical signatures occur in the gasoline range chromatograms, within saturate fraction gas chromatograms and biomarker fingerprints. However, some of the established criteria and cross-plots that are currently used to segregate oils into distinct genetic families within the basin do not always meet with success, particularly when applied to the Lower Palaeozoic oils of the Deadwood and Winnipeg Formation.     

An Analysis of Catherine＇s Character——Wuthering Heights

Wuthering Heights, Emily Bronte＇s only novel, was published in December of 1847 under the pseudonym Ellis Bell. The book did not gain immediate success, but it is now thought one of the finest novels in the English language. Catherine is the key character of this masterpiece, because everybody and everything center on her though she had a short life. We can understand this masterpiece better if we know Catherine well.     

Characterization of Ordovician carbonate reservoirs, southeastern Saskatchewan, Canada

The discovery of the prolific Ordovician Red River reservoirs in 1995 in southeastern Saskatchewan was the catalyst for extensive exploration activity which resulted in the discovery of more than 15 new Red River pools. The best yields of Red River production to date have been from dolomite reservoirs. Understanding the processes of dolomitization is, therefore, crucial for the prediction of the connectivity, spatial distribution and heterogeneity of dolomite reservoirs.The Red River reservoirs in the Midale area consist of 3～4 thin dolomitized zones, with a total thickness of about 20 m, which occur at the top of the Yeoman Formation. Two types of replacement dolomite were recognized in the Red River reservoir: dolomitized burrow infills and dolomitized host matrix. The spatial distribution of dolomite suggests that burrowing organisms played an important role in facilitating the fluid flow in the backfilled sediments. This resulted in penecontemporaneous dolomitization of burrow infills by normal seawater. The dolomite in the host matrix is interpreted as having occurred at shallow burial by evaporitic seawater during precipitation of Lake Almar anhydrite that immediately overlies the Yeoman Formation. However, the low δ18O values of dolomited burrow infills (-5.9‰～ -7.8‰, PDB) and matrix dolomites (-6.6‰～ -8.1‰, avg. -7.4‰ PDB) compared to the estimated values for the late Ordovician marine dolomite could be attributed to modification and alteration of dolomite at higher temperatures during deeper burial, which could also be responsible for its 87Sr/86Sr ratios (0.7084～0.7088) that are higher than suggested for the late Ordovician seawaters (0.7078～0.7080). The trace amounts of saddle dolomite cement in the Red River carbonates are probably related to "cannibalization" of earlier replacement dolomite during the chemical compaction.     

Design and analysis of generic LBS application developing platform

Location based services is promising due to its novel working style and contents.A software platform is proposed to provide application programs of typical location based services and support new applications developing efficiently. The analysis shows that this scheme is easy implemented, low cost and adapt to all kinds of mobile nework system.     

橡胶颗粒沥青混合料低温抗裂性试验研究

以AC-13级配为基础,将橡胶颗粒代替部分集料掺入混合料中,以低温弯曲试验为评价方法对不同橡胶颗粒掺量下沥青混合料的低温抗裂性进行研究,并引入应变能密度值对混合料的低温抗裂性进行综合评价.试验结果表明:橡胶颗粒沥青混合料试件的破坏微应变均超过2 300,满足冬寒区的技术指标;无论是否掺加橡胶颗粒,随着温度的下降,沥青混合料破坏时的最大弯拉强度增大,弯拉应变降低,劲度模量增大;弯曲应变能密度在胶粒掺量为1%左右时具有较大的弯曲应变能密度值,此时橡胶颗粒沥青混合料具有较好的低温抗裂性.     

A computer generator for randomly layered structures

AcomputergeneratorforrandomlylayeredstructuresYUJia shun1,2,HEZhen hua2(1.TheInstituteofGeologicalandNuclearSciences,NewZealand;2.StateKeyLaboratoryofOilandGasReservoirGeologyandExploitation,ChengduUniversityofTechnology,China)Abstract:Analgorithmisintrod…     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

Quantitative trait loci （QTLs） for quality traits related to protein and starch in wheat

Quality traits in wheat （Triticum aestirum L.） were studied by quantitative trait locus （QTL） analysis in a recombinant inbred line （RIL） population, a set of 131 lines derived from Chuan 35050 × Shannong 483 cross （ChSh）. Grains from RILs were assayed for 21 quality traits related to protein and starch. A total of 35 putative QTLs for 19 traits with a single QTL explaining 7.99-40.52% of phenotypic variations were detected on 10 chromosomes, 1D, 2A, 2D, 3B, 3D, 5A, 6A, 6B, 6D, and 7B. The additive effects of 30 QTLs were positive, contributed by Chuan 35050, the remaining 5 QTLs were negative with the additive effect contributed by Shannong 483. For protein traits, 15 QTLs were obtained and most of them were located on chromosomes 1 D, 3B and 6D, while 20 QTLs for starch traits were detected and most of them were located on chromosomes 3D, 6B and 7B. Only 7 QTLs for protein and starch traits were co-located in three regions on chromosomes 1D, 2A and 2D. These protein and starch trait QTLs showed a distinct distribution pattern in certain regions and chromosomes. Twenty-two QTLs were clustered in 6 regions of 5 chromosomes. Two QTL clusters for protein traits were located on chromosomes 1D and 3B, respectively, three clusters for starch traits on chromosomes 3D, 6B and 7B, and one cluster including protein and starch traits on chromosome 1D.     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.