纳米ZnO/SBS改性沥青储存稳定性及其机理分析

为了改善纳米氧化锌/苯乙烯-丁二烯-苯乙烯嵌段共聚物(ZnO/SBS)改性沥青的热储存稳定性,选用两种基质沥青、两种SBS的纳米ZnO/SBS改性沥青,通过离析试验,研究分析了纳米ZnO/SBS改性沥青的制备工艺、基质沥青种类、SBS类型及掺量、纳米ZnO掺量等因素对纳米ZnO/SBS改性沥青稳定性的影响.采用表面稳定剂改善纳米ZnO/SBS改性沥青的热储存稳定性,利用荧光显微图像分析了纳米ZnO/SBS改性沥青的稳定机理.结果表明,纳米ZnO/SBS改性沥青离析主要是由于SBS的离析所引起,纳米ZnO的加入在一定程度上改善了SBS改性沥青热储存稳定性,但是效果甚微;添加稳定剂可以制得热储存稳定性良好的纳米ZnO/SBS改性沥青.     

SBS聚合物改性沥青热储存稳定性取样方法和评价指标

针对现行规范中离析试验评价聚合物改性沥青热储存稳定性的缺点,结合工程实际,设计开发了筒法离析试验.通过对不同种类、不同剂量的SBS聚合物改性沥青进行不同时刻的筒法离析试验,并对离析后上、下部沥青进行了软化点试验、动态剪切流变(DSR)试验和凝胶渗透色谱(GPC)试验,首次提出了采用离析率Rz 1作为SBS聚合物改性沥青热储存稳定性的评价指标.结果表明,筒法离析试验是一种更合理、更有效的评价方法.     

苯乙烯丁二烯苯乙烯嵌段共聚物改性沥青贮存稳定性评价方法

为了研究基于动态剪切流变（DSR）试验的苯乙烯丁二烯苯乙烯嵌段共聚物（SBS）改性沥青贮存稳定性的评价方法,通过选择SBSΙ-D改性沥青为研究对象,测试其在163 ℃下不同贮存时间的离析软化点差,基于相对应的复数剪切模量、相位角以及车辙因子,提出了以复数剪切模量离析参数、相位角离析参数、车辙因子离析参数以及三个参数与温度所形成的线性斜率为参数的SBS改性沥青贮存稳定性评价指标其计算模型。研究结果表明：SBS改性沥青的离析软化点差随着高温贮存时间的延长而逐渐增大,两者基本呈线性关系;离析后SBSΙ-D改性沥青上部1/3的弹性成分、抗变形能力及高温性能明显大于下部1/3;基于DSR试验的SBS改性沥青贮存稳定性评价指标的评价结果与基于离析软化点差所获得的的评价结果具有高度的一致性。     

改善SBS改性沥青储存稳定性的措施与机理分析

针对相容性和稳定性较差的SBS（聚苯乙烯-丁二烯-苯乙烯）聚合物兰炼改性沥青，采用试验与理论相结合的方法，研究添加不同剂量的化学试剂对改善其储存稳定性的作用，并分析了其微观形态，以及物理化学作用机理．结果显示通过向SBS兰炼改性沥青中加入一定剂量的合适的增容剂和稳定剂，可以极大地促进SBS在沥青中的溶胀，提高SBS兰炼改性沥青的相容性，并且使沥青与SBS之间，以及SBS相互间发生交联、接枝等化学反应，形成网络结构，从而改善SBS改性沥青的储存稳定性，同时提高了改性沥青的使用性能，使其达到规范要求．     

基于硫化机理的直投式SBS改性沥青稳定剂配方研究

为了改善SBS改性沥青的热储存稳定性,研究基于硫化机理,设计了38种稳定剂配方,通过测试样品48h离析软化点差、软化点、针入度、延度性能指标的变化,研究各配方下稳定剂对改性沥青热储存稳定性的改善效果,确定新型稳定剂的最佳配方。结果表明：新型直投式稳定剂最佳配方为硫(S)：二硫化四甲基秋兰姆(TMTD)：氧化锌(ZnO)：高岭土=60：16：4：1750,该稳定剂可以改善SBS改性沥青的热储存稳定性、有效地提高改性沥青的软化点,对135℃布氏粘度以及针入度均有一定的提升作用。     

胶粉/高黏剂复合改性SBS沥青的性能与改性机理

通过添加胶粉和高黏剂对SBS改性沥青进行复合改性。采用基本物理指标研究高黏改性沥青的制备工艺;采用软化点差值法评价高黏改性沥青的热储存稳定性;采用动态剪切流变试验(DSR)研究高黏改性沥青的高温流变性能和中温抗疲劳性能;借助傅里叶红外光谱(FTIR)和差示扫描量热法(DSC)对高黏改性沥青的改性机理进行分析。基本物理试验结果表明:胶粉有助于提高改性沥青的高温性能,但对其低温性能有不利影响,高黏剂能够大幅度提高改性沥青的黏度,最佳的胶粉掺量和三种高黏剂的掺量分别为:10%、8%、7%、8%。离析试验结果表明:三种高黏改性沥青的热储存稳定性满足规范要求。DSR试验结果表明:胶粉和高黏剂有助于提高成品SBS沥青的高温性能和感温性能;短期老化后,其高温性能提高,但对感温性能产生不利影响;胶粉和高黏剂的掺入提高了沥青的中温抗疲劳性能。FTIR结果表明:胶粉和高黏剂与SBS沥青之间既存在物理共混,也有化学反应的发生。DSC结果表明:通过高黏复合改性后,沥青的高温稳定性得到有效提高。     

SBS聚合物改性沥青技术性能

针对不同种类、不同工艺的SBS改性沥青，采用试验、理论相结合的方法，包括常规三大指标试验、SHRP动态剪切流变DSR试验、储存稳定性试验等，分析了加工工艺参数对SBS改性沥青技术性能以及相容性的影响。结果表明，不同品种的改性剂、不同的制备温度、不同的改性工艺均对改性沥青的性能产生较大影响。相比于其他因素而言，SBS改性沥青的改性工艺是影响其性能的主导因素；储存稳定性较好的改性沥青，其技术性能也较好；星型SBS改性沥青的技术性能优于线型SBS改性沥青；基于改性沥青的综合性能考虑，制备温度不宜过低。因此，通过掺配适当的稳定剂和助剂等措施改善改性工艺，是提高SBS改性沥青技术性能的最有效途径之一。     

基于硫化机理的直投式乙烯-丁二烯-苯乙烯嵌段共聚物改性沥青稳定剂配方

为了改善乙烯-丁二烯-苯乙烯嵌段共聚物(SBS)改性沥青的热储存稳定性,研究基于硫化机理,设计了38种稳定剂配方。通过测试样品48 h离析软化点差、软化点、针入度、延度性能指标的变化,研究各配方下稳定剂对改性沥青热储存稳定性的改善效果,确定新型稳定剂的最佳配方。结果表明:新型直投式稳定剂最佳配方为硫(S)、二硫化四甲基秋兰姆(TMTD)、氧化锌(Zn O)、高岭土质量之比为60∶16∶4∶1 750;该稳定剂可以改善SBS改性沥青的热储存稳定性、有效地提高改性沥青的软化点,对135℃布氏黏度以及针入度均有一定的提升作用。     

纳米OMMT/SBS/沥青复合材料的性能研究

采用熔融插层复合法制备了有机蒙脱土(OMMT)/苯乙烯与丁二烯的三嵌段共聚物(SBS)复合改性沥青,利用X-射线衍射仪(XRD)及光学显微镜对复合材料的微观结构进行了分析,讨论了不同质量分数的OMMT对SBS改性沥青物理性能以及对复合材料流变性能的影响,采用示差扫描量热计(DSC)对复合材料的热稳定性进行了研究,并运用离析实验对复合改性沥青的高温贮存稳定性进行了初步探讨。结果表明,OMMT的加入能有效地改善SBS的基本物理性能,提高改性沥青高温抗车辙能力、高温稳定性、耐老化性能以及贮存稳定性等。当OMMT的质量分数为3%时,复合改性沥青的综合性能最优。     

白炭黑对SBS改性沥青及沥青混合料性能影响

为了探明白炭黑对SBS改性沥青及沥青混合料性能的影响规律,研究采用白炭黑作为原材料,制备不同白炭黑掺量下的SBSI-D改性沥青,进行48 h离析软化点差、黏度、延度、针入度、软化点及老化后技术指标检测,并进行不同白炭黑掺量的SMA-13沥青混合料的动稳定度、TSR、残留稳定度、破坏应变、飞散损失及析漏损失试验。试验结果表明:白炭黑能够有效地提高SBS改性沥青的热存储稳定性、高温性能、粘滞性及抗老化性能;白炭黑能够提高SBS改性沥青混合料高温稳定性、水稳定性,减小析漏损失及飞散损失,对低温性能略有提升。     

Characterization of Ordovician carbonate reservoirs, southeastern Saskatchewan, Canada

The discovery of the prolific Ordovician Red River reservoirs in 1995 in southeastern Saskatchewan was the catalyst for extensive exploration activity which resulted in the discovery of more than 15 new Red River pools. The best yields of Red River production to date have been from dolomite reservoirs. Understanding the processes of dolomitization is, therefore, crucial for the prediction of the connectivity, spatial distribution and heterogeneity of dolomite reservoirs.The Red River reservoirs in the Midale area consist of 3～4 thin dolomitized zones, with a total thickness of about 20 m, which occur at the top of the Yeoman Formation. Two types of replacement dolomite were recognized in the Red River reservoir: dolomitized burrow infills and dolomitized host matrix. The spatial distribution of dolomite suggests that burrowing organisms played an important role in facilitating the fluid flow in the backfilled sediments. This resulted in penecontemporaneous dolomitization of burrow infills by normal seawater. The dolomite in the host matrix is interpreted as having occurred at shallow burial by evaporitic seawater during precipitation of Lake Almar anhydrite that immediately overlies the Yeoman Formation. However, the low δ18O values of dolomited burrow infills (-5.9‰～ -7.8‰, PDB) and matrix dolomites (-6.6‰～ -8.1‰, avg. -7.4‰ PDB) compared to the estimated values for the late Ordovician marine dolomite could be attributed to modification and alteration of dolomite at higher temperatures during deeper burial, which could also be responsible for its 87Sr/86Sr ratios (0.7084～0.7088) that are higher than suggested for the late Ordovician seawaters (0.7078～0.7080). The trace amounts of saddle dolomite cement in the Red River carbonates are probably related to "cannibalization" of earlier replacement dolomite during the chemical compaction.     

A computer generator for randomly layered structures

AcomputergeneratorforrandomlylayeredstructuresYUJia shun1,2,HEZhen hua2(1.TheInstituteofGeologicalandNuclearSciences,NewZealand;2.StateKeyLaboratoryofOilandGasReservoirGeologyandExploitation,ChengduUniversityofTechnology,China)Abstract:Analgorithmisintrod…     

海南岛地体及其毗邻陆缘晚中生代—新生代古地磁研究和构造演化

本文叙述了对海南岛及其毗邻大陆边缘白垩纪到第四纪地层岩石进行古地磁研究的全部工作过程。通过分析岩石中剩余磁矢量的磁偏角及磁倾角的变化,提出海南岛白垩纪以来经历的构造演化模式如下:早期伴随顺时针旋转而向南迁移,后期伴随逆时针转动并向北运移。联系该地区及邻区的地质、地球物理资料,对海南岛上述的构造地体运动提出以下认识:北部湾内早期有一拉张作用,主要是该作用使湾内地壳显著伸长减薄,形成北部湾盆地。从而导致了海南岛的早期构造运动,而海南岛后期的构造运动则主要是受南海海底扩张的影响。海南地体运动规律的阐明对于了解北部湾油气盆地的形成演化有重要的理论和实际意义。     

Exciton Seebeck in Molecular Systems

Various applications relevant to the exciton dynamics,such as the organic solar cell,the large-area organic light-emitting diodes and the thermoelectricity,are operating under temperature gradient.The potential abnormal behavior of the exicton dynamics driven by the temperature difference may affect the efficiency and performance of the corresponding devices.In the above situations,the exciton dynamics under temperature difference is mixed with     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

The elongation method,originally proposed by Imamura was further developed for many years in our group.As a method towards O(N)with high efficiency and high accuracy for any dimensional systems.This treatment designed for one-dimensional(ID)polymers is now available for three-dimensional(3D)systems,but geometry optimization is now possible only for 1D-systems.As an approach toward post-Hartree-Fock,it was also extended to     

《Chinese Science Bulletin》SUBJECT INDEX TO VOLUME 59(2014)

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An on-line scaling method for improving scalability of a database cluster

The explosive growth of the Internet and database applications has driven database to be more scalable and available, and able to support on-line scaling without interrupting service. To support more client's queries without downtime and degrading the response time, more nodes have to be scaled up while the database is running. This paper presents the overview of scalable and available database that satisfies the above characteristics. And we propose a novel on-line scaling method. Our method improves the existing on-line scaling method for fast response time and higher throughputs. Our proposed method reduces unnecessary network use, i.e. , we decrease the number of data copy by reusing the backup data. Also, our on-line scaling operation can be processed parallel by selecting adequate nodes as new node. Our performance study shows that our method results in significant reduction in data copy time.     

An improved R-tree based on childnode''s probability

R-Tree is a good structure for spatial searching. But in this indexing structure,either the sequence of nodes in the same level or sequence of traveling these nodes when queries are made is random. Since the possibility that the object appears in different MBR which have the same parents node is different, if we make the subnode who has the most possibility be traveled first, the time cost will be decreased in most of the cases. In some case, the possibility of a point belong to a rectangle will shows direct proportion with the size of the rectangle. But this conclusion is based on an assumption that the objects are symmetrically distributing in the area and this assumption is not always coming into existence. Now we found a more direct parameter to scale the possibility and made a little change on the structure of R-tree, to increase the possibility of founding the satisfying answer in the front sub trees. We names this structure probability based arranged R-tree (PBAR-tree).     

An Index mechanism for multi-scale view in spatial databases

There are numerous geometric objects stored in the spatial databases. An importance function in a spatial database is that users can browse the geometric objects as a map efficiently. Thus the spatial database should display the geometric objects users concern about swiftly onto the display window. This process includes two operations:retrieve data from database and then draw them onto screen. Accordingly, to improve the efficiency, we should try to reduce time of both retrieving object and displaying them. The former can be achieved with the aid of spatial index such as R-tree, the latter require to simplify the objects. Simplification means that objects are shown with sufficient but not with unnecessary detail which depend on the scale of browse. So the major problem is how to retrieve data at different detail level efficiently. This paper introduces the implementation of a multi-scale index in the spatial database SISP (Spatial Information Shared Platform) which is generalized from R-tree. The difference between the generalization and the R-tree lies on two facets: One is that every node and geometric object in the generalization is assigned with a importance value which denote the importance of them, and every vertex in the objects are assigned with a importance value,too. The importance value can be use to decide which data should be retrieve from disk in a query. The other difference is that geometric objects in the generalization are divided into one or more sub-blocks, and vertexes are total ordered by their importance value. With the help of the generalized R-tree, one can easily retrieve data at different detail levels.Some experiments are performed on real-life data to evaluate the performance of solutions that separately use normal spatial index and multi-scale spatial index. The results show that the solution using multi-scale index in SISP is satisfying.     

Integrating GIS Web services based on mediating architecture

The geographic information service is enabled by the advancements in general Web service technology and the focused efforts of the OGC in defining XML-based Web GIS service. Based on these models, this paper addresses the issue of services chaining,the process of combining or pipelining results from several interoperable GIS Web Services to create a customized solution. This paper presents a mediated chaining architecture in which a specific service takes responsibility for performing the process that describes a service chain. We designed the Spatial Information Process Language (SIPL) for dynamic modeling and describing the service chain, also a prototype of the Spatial Information Process Execution Engine (SIPEE) is implemented for executing processes written in SIPL. Discussion of measures to improve the functionality and performance of such system will be included.