合肥典型地层双线盾构近接下穿对高铁桥群桩的影响

为了了解合肥典型地层双线盾构近接下穿对高铁桥群桩的影响,以合肥地铁3号线盾构隧道施工近距离穿越高铁桥桩基群工程为例,利用有限元分析软件对盾构施工的全过程进行三维动态模拟,通过分析盾构施工过程中桩身横向位移、弯矩、轴力分布等变化规律,研究了双线盾构近接下穿对高铁桥群桩的扰动规律。结果表明:盾构隧道施工在穿越桩基础群时,距离盾构掌子面较近的桩受到的影响明显大于较远位置的桩;当盾构掌子面推进到与桩群相交处时产生的施工扰动最大;桩基础在盾构中心线上下一倍洞径深度范围内所受到的盾构施工扰动影响最大,桩身轴力和弯矩明显大于其他部位;且双线盾构隧道的后施工隧道的开挖使得先施工隧道周围桩基受到的扰动幅度得以降低。     

盾构切削复合地基对既有房屋的影响

截止目前,国内外尚无盾构切群桩复合地基斜向下穿条形基础砌体房屋的实际工程,为了探究整个切桩过程房屋沉降分布特征及变化规律,并为今后越来越多的类似工程的理论分析、设计计算和施工参数调整提供依据,本文依托郑州地铁5号线隧道工程,对盾构切群桩复合地基全过程中的房屋沉降数据和施工参数进行了分析,并给出了相应变形控制措施与建议。研究初步表明,在距离开始切桩位置约3.9倍隧道外径,以及盾尾脱离复合地基加固后约5.8倍隧道外径的范围内,盾构施工会对房屋沉降产生较大影响。房屋累计沉降最大值会出现在房屋与隧道轴线交叉点附近。盾构切桩下穿时,稳定土仓压力、增大同步注浆量、提高刀盘转速,盾尾脱离房屋后,不应大幅度调整施工参数,适当增大刀盘压力和千斤顶推力,保持刀盘扭矩、刀盘转速、同步注浆量和掘进速度不变,更有利于控制房屋沉降。     

卵石地层中地铁盾构近距下穿盾构隧道施工沉降控制

为研究卵石地层条件下盾构下穿施工时既有盾构隧道的沉降特征及其控制措施,依托北京地铁16号线盾构下穿既有地铁4号线盾构隧道工程,通过分析既有隧道沉降的数值模拟结果,结合现场监测数据和盾构施工参数,探讨了盾构的适应性改造,总结了隧道沉降的规律,阐明了调控盾构施工参数的经验。研究表明,为适应卵石地层条件,盾构须提高构件耐磨性、增设注浆及泡沫系统;既有隧道沉降在盾构通过时变化较大,而在盾构到达前和通过后变化较小,且盾构施工的再次扰动影响显著;为有效地控制既有隧道沉降,盾构施工参数应根据监测数据实时调控,保持较高的土仓压力和顶推力,通过提高注浆压力确保注浆质量。     

砂卵石地层地铁近接下穿既有盾构区间施工控制技术

为探究地铁暗挖近接施工下穿既有盾构区间加固技术适应性,以成都5号线近接下穿既有3号线为工程背景,提出适应于成都砂卵石地层的预埋注浆加固保护方案,且通过数值模拟研究了不同注浆加固范围的保护效果、注浆过程对隧道结构影响以及对下穿过程规律性进行讨论,并结合现场监测分析.结果表明:既有隧道注浆加固范围扩大,其隧道结构变形呈线性减小,隧道结构纵向沉降槽呈线性缩小,适当增大既有隧道注浆范围可控制其变形量;预埋钢花管注浆加固过程中,浆液压力和土体硬化将导致既有隧道结构竖向产生沉降,水平方向相向靠拢;地铁下穿过程中,既有隧道结构主要产生竖向沉降,先缓慢沉降,隧道穿过后沉降变形突增,再趋于稳定,前期有一定反应阶段;相比既有隧道,近距离的大范围注浆加固导致土体硬化,5号线结构变形预变形阶段极大缩短,反应时间短,施工风险增大.提出二次衬砌工序优化、深孔注浆加固补救措施以及节点位置格栅密排等措施能够降低既有盾构运营风险.     

流固耦合作用下盾构下穿高架桥稳定性分析

本文依托太原铁路枢纽新建西南环线盾构隧道,结合盾构施工中的监测资料,利用有限元分析软件进行数值模拟分析,在考虑流固耦合作用下,并结合实际监测资料,研究了盾构下穿高架桥时地表和地下结构的稳定性,得出了地表、桥承台和桥桩的变形规律及隧道周围孔隙水压力分布规律。研究结果表明：在富水地层中盾构下穿高架桥工程中,考虑流固耦合作用是必要且合理的;盾构隧道施工前采用隔离桩结合深层地层注浆的加固措施能有效地控制地表、桥承台和桥桩变形;盾构掘进过程中主要影响桥桩水平横向位移,对水平纵向和竖直方向位移影响较小;桥桩顶部受到的附加弯矩较大;深层地层注浆加固措施能减弱隧道周围流固耦合作用,降低隧道内涌水风险。     

天津市软土地层地铁盾构区间下穿施工对京沪高铁南仓特大桥影响的数值分析

为研究天津地区软土地层隧道盾构区间下穿施工对京沪高铁南仓特大桥的影响,以下穿京沪高铁的天津地铁7号线外院附中站-榆关道站区间隧道工程为背景,对下穿京沪高铁南仓特大桥段区间盾构隧道进行设计,通过运用Midas/GTS有限元软件数值分析方法对盾构区间下穿京沪高铁南仓特大桥进行有限元数值分析。研究盾构区间下穿京沪高铁南仓特大桥施工过程中桥面、桥墩、承台及桥桩位移变化规律特征。总结盾构区间侧穿桥桩施工过程中桥桩附加应力变化规律;揭示了盾构区间下穿京沪高铁特大桥施工过程中承台差异沉降及地层应力变化规律。结果表明,盾构隧道施工过程中京沪高铁天津南仓特大桥桥桩附加弯矩较小,桥面、承台、桥墩及桥桩沉降最大值均在控制标准值范围以内,桥桩水平位移最大值在控制标准值范围以内,不会对大桥产生破坏影响。可见在软土地区盾构施工对高铁特大桥有一定程度影响,但通过施加工程措施后,可有效降低对桥的影响程度,保证高铁桥的安全。研究成果可为类型工程施工设计提供参考。     

盾构施工对黄土地层的扰动及管片衬砌受荷特征

为探明黄土地层中地铁盾构隧道施工对地层的扰动以及管片衬砌结构承受荷载的特征,依托西安地铁2号线穿越黄土地层盾构隧道工程,采用颗粒离散元方法从细观层面对盾构施工引起的地层应力变化及开挖面失稳形态进行模拟分析,同时对实际作用在管片衬砌结构上的土压力和主体结构内力(轴力、弯矩)进行现场动态跟踪测试,分析盾构动态施工过程及后期稳定后的土压力对管片衬砌结构受力的影响.研究结果表明:临空面的产生导致隧道拱顶及两侧部分水平应力和垂直应力发生显著变化.管片衬砌结构内力受施工参数影响明显,尤其是千斤顶推力和注浆压力.     

浅覆地层盾构隧道下穿永宁门护城河的施工方案研究

以西安地铁二号线地铁隧道下穿永宁门护城河工程为依托,根据具体的工程地质和水文地质情况,利用开挖面的最小支护力原理,得出了盾构掌子面土仓内压力的安全范围,并就施工中河道内地表隆起较大的问题提出相应对策。采取在河道内堆载,并在盾构施工中合理控制土仓压力的措施,能有效控制地层变形,防止地表隆起。施工中的地层变形监测数据表明,提出的施工方案和技术措施正确可行,对未来类似条件下的隧道施工具有良好的参考价值。     

盾构隧道近接下穿施工对居民建筑楼群的影响研究

以深圳地铁10号线福田口岸站—福民站区间盾构隧道近距离下穿福民新村民居建筑楼群工程为依托,应用有限差分软件FLAC3D建立了包括既有建筑群、建筑基础、新建隧道和地层的数值模型,并根据实际施工方案对地铁盾构隧道的施工过程进行了数值模拟,研究在注浆预加固方案下隧道下穿施工对建筑楼群变形的影响。通过对各建筑沉降数据的分析,得出以下结论:(1)盾构隧道的近接下穿施工,将会导致既有建筑群产生一定程度的不均匀沉降;(2)在注浆预加固方案下进行施工,福民新村民居建筑楼群的最大沉降及最大倾斜度分别为18. 537 mm及0. 000 623,均小于相应规范规定的控制值,说明在注浆预加固方案下进行隧道掘进,可保证各相关民居建筑的沉降及变形控制在安全范围以内。     

上覆薄煤层采空区公路隧道开挖稳定性试验研究

隧道下穿煤层采空区施工将对周围地层产生扰动,影响隧道围岩及初期支护的稳定性.进行了上覆薄煤层采空区隧道开挖的室内相似模型试验,试验中通过测量隧道开挖过程中采空区地层、隧道拱顶的沉降及初期支护内力等参数,对上下台阶法和单侧壁导坑法进行了对比分析.测试结果表明,隧道开挖引起的采空区地层沉降受开挖方法的影响显著,上下台阶法开挖引起的采空区地层沉降高于单侧壁导坑法,沉降槽曲线较陡、沉降范围更宽.两种开挖方法中,围岩压力的最大值均位于右拱脚处,钢拱架最大弯矩出现在拱脚处,最大轴力位于拱腰或拱肩处.其它条件相同时,采用单侧壁导坑法开挖时初期支护背后的围岩压力、钢拱架内力和偏心距等普遍大于上下台阶法开挖.研究表明在隧道下穿倾斜煤层采空区施工时,采用单侧壁导坑法开挖可以显著减小对采空区地层及围岩的扰动,但同时需增强初期支护的刚度,确保围岩及隧道结构的整体稳定性.     

Characterization of Ordovician carbonate reservoirs, southeastern Saskatchewan, Canada

The discovery of the prolific Ordovician Red River reservoirs in 1995 in southeastern Saskatchewan was the catalyst for extensive exploration activity which resulted in the discovery of more than 15 new Red River pools. The best yields of Red River production to date have been from dolomite reservoirs. Understanding the processes of dolomitization is, therefore, crucial for the prediction of the connectivity, spatial distribution and heterogeneity of dolomite reservoirs.The Red River reservoirs in the Midale area consist of 3～4 thin dolomitized zones, with a total thickness of about 20 m, which occur at the top of the Yeoman Formation. Two types of replacement dolomite were recognized in the Red River reservoir: dolomitized burrow infills and dolomitized host matrix. The spatial distribution of dolomite suggests that burrowing organisms played an important role in facilitating the fluid flow in the backfilled sediments. This resulted in penecontemporaneous dolomitization of burrow infills by normal seawater. The dolomite in the host matrix is interpreted as having occurred at shallow burial by evaporitic seawater during precipitation of Lake Almar anhydrite that immediately overlies the Yeoman Formation. However, the low δ18O values of dolomited burrow infills (-5.9‰～ -7.8‰, PDB) and matrix dolomites (-6.6‰～ -8.1‰, avg. -7.4‰ PDB) compared to the estimated values for the late Ordovician marine dolomite could be attributed to modification and alteration of dolomite at higher temperatures during deeper burial, which could also be responsible for its 87Sr/86Sr ratios (0.7084～0.7088) that are higher than suggested for the late Ordovician seawaters (0.7078～0.7080). The trace amounts of saddle dolomite cement in the Red River carbonates are probably related to "cannibalization" of earlier replacement dolomite during the chemical compaction.     

A computer generator for randomly layered structures

AcomputergeneratorforrandomlylayeredstructuresYUJia shun1,2,HEZhen hua2(1.TheInstituteofGeologicalandNuclearSciences,NewZealand;2.StateKeyLaboratoryofOilandGasReservoirGeologyandExploitation,ChengduUniversityofTechnology,China)Abstract:Analgorithmisintrod…     

海南岛地体及其毗邻陆缘晚中生代—新生代古地磁研究和构造演化

本文叙述了对海南岛及其毗邻大陆边缘白垩纪到第四纪地层岩石进行古地磁研究的全部工作过程。通过分析岩石中剩余磁矢量的磁偏角及磁倾角的变化,提出海南岛白垩纪以来经历的构造演化模式如下:早期伴随顺时针旋转而向南迁移,后期伴随逆时针转动并向北运移。联系该地区及邻区的地质、地球物理资料,对海南岛上述的构造地体运动提出以下认识:北部湾内早期有一拉张作用,主要是该作用使湾内地壳显著伸长减薄,形成北部湾盆地。从而导致了海南岛的早期构造运动,而海南岛后期的构造运动则主要是受南海海底扩张的影响。海南地体运动规律的阐明对于了解北部湾油气盆地的形成演化有重要的理论和实际意义。     

Exciton Seebeck in Molecular Systems

Various applications relevant to the exciton dynamics,such as the organic solar cell,the large-area organic light-emitting diodes and the thermoelectricity,are operating under temperature gradient.The potential abnormal behavior of the exicton dynamics driven by the temperature difference may affect the efficiency and performance of the corresponding devices.In the above situations,the exciton dynamics under temperature difference is mixed with     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

The elongation method,originally proposed by Imamura was further developed for many years in our group.As a method towards O(N)with high efficiency and high accuracy for any dimensional systems.This treatment designed for one-dimensional(ID)polymers is now available for three-dimensional(3D)systems,but geometry optimization is now possible only for 1D-systems.As an approach toward post-Hartree-Fock,it was also extended to     

《Chinese Science Bulletin》SUBJECT INDEX TO VOLUME 59(2014)

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An on-line scaling method for improving scalability of a database cluster

The explosive growth of the Internet and database applications has driven database to be more scalable and available, and able to support on-line scaling without interrupting service. To support more client's queries without downtime and degrading the response time, more nodes have to be scaled up while the database is running. This paper presents the overview of scalable and available database that satisfies the above characteristics. And we propose a novel on-line scaling method. Our method improves the existing on-line scaling method for fast response time and higher throughputs. Our proposed method reduces unnecessary network use, i.e. , we decrease the number of data copy by reusing the backup data. Also, our on-line scaling operation can be processed parallel by selecting adequate nodes as new node. Our performance study shows that our method results in significant reduction in data copy time.     

An improved R-tree based on childnode''s probability

R-Tree is a good structure for spatial searching. But in this indexing structure,either the sequence of nodes in the same level or sequence of traveling these nodes when queries are made is random. Since the possibility that the object appears in different MBR which have the same parents node is different, if we make the subnode who has the most possibility be traveled first, the time cost will be decreased in most of the cases. In some case, the possibility of a point belong to a rectangle will shows direct proportion with the size of the rectangle. But this conclusion is based on an assumption that the objects are symmetrically distributing in the area and this assumption is not always coming into existence. Now we found a more direct parameter to scale the possibility and made a little change on the structure of R-tree, to increase the possibility of founding the satisfying answer in the front sub trees. We names this structure probability based arranged R-tree (PBAR-tree).     

An Index mechanism for multi-scale view in spatial databases

There are numerous geometric objects stored in the spatial databases. An importance function in a spatial database is that users can browse the geometric objects as a map efficiently. Thus the spatial database should display the geometric objects users concern about swiftly onto the display window. This process includes two operations:retrieve data from database and then draw them onto screen. Accordingly, to improve the efficiency, we should try to reduce time of both retrieving object and displaying them. The former can be achieved with the aid of spatial index such as R-tree, the latter require to simplify the objects. Simplification means that objects are shown with sufficient but not with unnecessary detail which depend on the scale of browse. So the major problem is how to retrieve data at different detail level efficiently. This paper introduces the implementation of a multi-scale index in the spatial database SISP (Spatial Information Shared Platform) which is generalized from R-tree. The difference between the generalization and the R-tree lies on two facets: One is that every node and geometric object in the generalization is assigned with a importance value which denote the importance of them, and every vertex in the objects are assigned with a importance value,too. The importance value can be use to decide which data should be retrieve from disk in a query. The other difference is that geometric objects in the generalization are divided into one or more sub-blocks, and vertexes are total ordered by their importance value. With the help of the generalized R-tree, one can easily retrieve data at different detail levels.Some experiments are performed on real-life data to evaluate the performance of solutions that separately use normal spatial index and multi-scale spatial index. The results show that the solution using multi-scale index in SISP is satisfying.     

Integrating GIS Web services based on mediating architecture

The geographic information service is enabled by the advancements in general Web service technology and the focused efforts of the OGC in defining XML-based Web GIS service. Based on these models, this paper addresses the issue of services chaining,the process of combining or pipelining results from several interoperable GIS Web Services to create a customized solution. This paper presents a mediated chaining architecture in which a specific service takes responsibility for performing the process that describes a service chain. We designed the Spatial Information Process Language (SIPL) for dynamic modeling and describing the service chain, also a prototype of the Spatial Information Process Execution Engine (SIPEE) is implemented for executing processes written in SIPL. Discussion of measures to improve the functionality and performance of such system will be included.