卵盘鹤虱籽油中脂肪酸组成测定

采用毛细管柱气相色谱法测定了卵盘鹤虱籽油中的脂肪酸组成及相对含量,鉴定了１３种脂肪酸,占脂肪酸总量的９８．６６％,样品所含主要脂肪酸为棕榈酸、油酸、亚油酸、α－亚麻酸和γ－亚麻酸。不饱和脂肪酸为９０．５７％,其中α－亚麻酸３６．１８％,γ－亚麻酸５．８６％,并进一步采用气相色谱法－－质谱联用方法对卵盘鹤虱籽油中脂肪酸组分定性。     

二十碳五烯酸和二十二碳六烯酸的代谢和生理机能

二十二碳六烯酸（简称ＤＨＡ）和二十碳五烯酸（简称ＥＰＡ）是鱼油中的生理活性物质．本文回顾了近几十年关于ＥＰＡ和ＤＨＡ的代谢及生理机能的研究．阐述了ＥＰＡ和花生四烯酸（简称ＡＡ）的两个重要代谢途径：环氧化酶途径和脂氧酶途径,指出ＥＰＡ和ＤＨＡ能抑制ＡＡ在这两个途径中的代谢．归纳了ＥＰＡ和ＤＨＡ主要生理作用：ＥＰＡ和ＤＨＡ能抑制血栓形成、降低血胆固醇和血脂、抗炎症;ＤＨＡ能抑制肿瘤的生长和抗过敏反应;ＤＨＡ可增加脑和神经系统的活性．     

青海湖裸鲤油脂中脂肪酸初步分析

用乙醚－正乙烷混合溶剂提取青海湖裸鲤油脂;用氢氧化钾－甲醇酯交换法甲酯化,以毛细管气相色谱法测定脂肪酸组成,鉴定了１５种主要脂肪酸,其中以棕榈酸,棕榈油酸,油酸、α－亚麻酸,二十碳五烯酸（ＥＰＡ）和二十二碳六烯酸（ＤＨＡ）为主。     

Fatty acid profiles of muscle from large yellow croaker (Pseudosciaena crocea R.) of different age

We investigated the fatty acid profiles of muscle from large yellow croaker (Pseudosciaena crocea R.) of different age. One- and two-year-old fish were cultured in floating net cages and sampled randomly for analysis. Moisture, protein, lipid and ash contents were determined by methods of Association of Analytical Chemist (AOAC) International. Fatty acid profile was determined by gas chromatography. Crude protein, fat, moisture and ash contents showed no significant differences between the two age groups. The contents of total polyunsaturated fatty acids and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) were significantly higher and eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) content was significantly lower in the two-year-old large yellow croaker than in the one-year-old (P<0.05). No significant differences were observed in the contents of total saturated fatty acids and monounsaturated fatty acids, or the ratio of n-3/n-6 fatty acids among the large yellow croakers of the two age groups. We conclude that large yellow croakers are good food sources of EPA and DHA.     

人体血浆中游离脂肪酸的气相色谱测定

建立了以ＣＨ３ＯＨ－ＢＦ３甲酯化、毛细管气相色谱法测定人体血浆中游离脂肪酸的分析方法。方法简便可靠，回收率高。利用该方法测定了７例血浆中游离脂肪酸组成和含量，取得满意结果     

班种草籽油中脂肪酸组成的研究

本文采用气相色谱、色谱／质谱法对班种草中脂肪酸的组成及相对含量进行了研究。鉴定了油酸、亚油酸、α－亚麻酸以及γ－亚麻酸等十三种脂肪酸,不饱和脂肪酸达８８．２７％,其中油酸为１７．１８％,亚油酸为２３．３４％,α－亚麻酸为２１．５５％,γ－亚麻酸为１０．５５％。     

桦木科3种野生植物籽油脂肪酸研究

采用毛细管气相色谱法,对青海境内的桦木科桦木属的三种野生植物种子的含油率、理化常数和脂肪酸组成及相对含量进行了测定。结果表明,所测植物籽油中,主要为棕榈酸、油酸、亚油酸和α－亚麻酸。     

油脂中脂肪酸的分析测定

采用毛细管气相色谱法测定了几种油脂的脂肪酸含量。对测定条件进行了选择,色谱柱为SE-30弹性石英毛细管柱(25 m×0.22 mm×0.2μm),柱温为190℃,载气流速为1 mL/min,分流比为1∶100。对棉籽油、花生油、大豆油、小米乳芽油、猪油中所含脂肪酸进行了分析,结果表明,所测油脂中不饱和脂肪酸的含量普遍高于饱和脂肪酸,其中大豆油中亚油酸的质量分数(下同)最高,达60.02%;植物油中不饱和脂肪酸的含量高于猪油,其中小米乳芽油的最高,达84.33%,而猪油只有50.43%。     

GN海带新品系脂肪酸的气相色谱-质谱联用分析

首次用乙醇提取、甲酯化处理的方法,对GN海带新品系脂肪酸的化学成分采用GC-MS技术进行分析研究。结果表明:海带中含有10种不饱和脂肪酸,占37.98%,其中亚油酸占9.29%,γ-亚麻酸占3.74%,EPA占1.12%,DHA占0.63%,花生四烯酸占4.9%;含有4种饱和脂肪酸,占56.22%的,其中棕榈酸(又名软脂酸)的含量高达36.23%。为海带新品系在生物制药和营养保健品领域的深度开发应用提供了科学依据。     

Effects of foliage boron-spraying on seed yields and fatty acid composition of tree peony (<Emphasis Type="Italic">Paeonia ostii</Emphasis> ‘Feng Dan’)

The influence of the foliage boron(B)-spaying concentration on the yield and fatty acid composition of tree peony (Paeonia ostii ‘Feng Dan’) was explored in the experiment of 2014-2015. In this research, a statistically significant correlation was found between the mass concentration of foliage boron- spraying and tree peony seed yield. Maximum yield increment of tree peony seeds was obtained when the boron-spraying concentration was 4 g/L. The composition of fatty acid was analyzed by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS), and the main components of the fatty acid composition were quantified by internal standard method. The increase in the oil extraction rate after foliage boron-spraying nutrition of different concentration was significant and ranged between 0.04% and 11.43%. Seed oil production and oil extraction rate were also increased due to the increase of seed yields. Furthermore, foliage boron-spraying had a significant effect on the content of linolenic acid and linoleic acid in seed oil.     

曼氏无针乌贼墨的主要营养成分研究

用氨基酸分析仪,气相色谱仪,原子吸收仪及经典的化不究析法对曼氏无针乌贼墨的氨基酸,脂肪酸,蛋白质,矿物质元素的组成和含量进行了测定,共测出16种氨基酸,9种脂肪酸和10．08％蛋白质,富含Ca,Mg,Fe,Zn等矿物质元素。     

响应面法优化酶法提取马鲛鱼油

为了提高马鲛鱼的综合利用价值,采用单因素实验和响应面优化实验对马鲛鱼下脚料中鱼油的提取工艺进行研究,并对其脂肪酸组成进行分析.结果表明:马鲛鱼油提取的适宜工艺条件是pH值为7,中性蛋白酶加酶量为1.5%,酶解时间为3 h,液固比为3∶1,酶解温度为52 ℃,马鲛鱼油提取率为75.38%.对马鲛鱼油的脂肪酸进行分析,共检出12种脂肪酸,其中,不饱和脂肪酸质量分数为54.13%,二十碳五烯酸(EPA)质量分数为8.40%,二十二碳六烯酸(DHA)质量分数为7.06%,EPA和DHA的质量分数较高.     

鱼油与微藻和植物油脂肪酸成分比较及其替代策略分析

【目的】水产养殖业的快速发展和鱼油价格的快速上涨,使得寻找能够替代鱼油的脂肪源日趋紧迫。【方法】采用直接转酯化进行气相色谱鉴定的方法测定鱼油、多种常见植物油和两种微藻的脂肪酸组成,以37种脂肪酸标准品作为参照,比较分析3类脂肪源的异同。【结果】鱼油的脂肪酸组成与微绿球藻(Nannochloropsis sp.)和裂壶藻(Schizochytriumsp.)相似,但植物油与鱼油相比缺乏EPA和DHA等n?3高不饱和脂肪酸。在满足必需脂肪酸需求的前提下,提出两种替代鱼油的策略:1使用38.0%亚麻籽油配合27.7%微绿球藻藻油和34.3%裂壶藻藻油替代鱼油的策略获得与鱼油一致的n?3/n?6多不饱和脂肪酸比率,能够较好地满足鱼类的营养需求,可作为替代鱼油的首选策略;2使用38.0%大豆油配合27.7%微绿球藻藻油和34.3%裂壶藻藻油替代鱼油的策略则获得与鱼油大体相同的主要脂肪酸类别,价格较亚麻籽油组低廉,可作为备选策略。【结论】使用高EPA和DHA含量的微藻藻油配合植物油替代鱼油在理论上是可行的。     

黄姑鱼仔稚鱼发育过程中氨基酸和脂肪酸的变化

分别测定1、5、10、20、45日龄黄姑鱼仔稚鱼中的氨基酸、游离氨基酸、脂肪酸组成。结果表明黄姑鱼仔稚鱼的氨基酸组型和游离氨基酸组型是不断变化的。必需氨基酸中的精氨酸、缬氨酸、亮氨酸、异亮氨酸、赖氨酸5种氨基酸占必需氨基酸总量的70%左右。非必需氨基酸中的天冬氨酸、谷氨酸和丙氨酸占非必需氨基酸总量的60%左右。随着仔稚鱼的生长,游离氨基酸含量呈显著降低的趋势。1日龄仔鱼的游离氨基酸含量最高,为12.134 g/100 g;45日龄稚鱼的游离氨基酸含量最低,为1.497 g/100 g。黄姑鱼仔稚鱼的主要脂肪酸为:16:0、18:0、16:1、18:1和DHA。各日龄黄姑鱼仔稚鱼体脂肪酸含量差异较大,但仔稚鱼的必需脂肪酸DHA、EPA和ARA始终保持较高的含量。     

几种油酸亚油酸的定性定量分析

用场解吸质谱和HP6890系列GC气相色谱仪、FFAP酸性毛细管色谱柱分析了国产工业级 和试剂能油酸以及生物级的亚油酸的组成。结果表明,上述油酸和亚油酸产品都是油酸和亚油酸为主的 脂肪酸混合物,但工业级油酸具有较宽的组成范围。这些结果能为应用于高水基液压液的脂肪酸产品的 选取提供技术基础。     

维医异常黑胆质证与肿瘤患者血浆脂肪酸含量变化的相关性

 从脂肪酸代谢水平阐释“异病同证”、“同证同理”等维医基础理论的科学性以及探讨不同肿瘤异常黑胆质证患者体内脂肪酸代谢变化。肿瘤病异常黑胆质证患者122 例,其中包括食管癌患者25例、肠癌患者20 例、肺癌患者33 例、乳腺癌患者20 例和胃癌患者24 例;另选35例健康志愿者为对照组;采用气相色谱法（gas chromatography,GC）对患者血浆进行10 种脂肪酸的定量检测;对患者与健康对照组之间的不同脂肪酸含量的差异性采用SPSS 16.0 软件进行独立样本的t 检验。结果显示,肉豆蔻酸在食管癌、肠癌、肺癌、乳腺癌和胃癌异常黑胆质证患者体内的含量均明显升高,这是本研究中所有肿瘤患者共同的特点;食管癌异常黒胆质证患者体内棕油酸、油酸、花生酸和DHA 含量明显升高,而亚油酸、花生四烯酸含量明显降低;肠癌异常黑胆质证患者体内棕榈酸和油酸含量明显升高;肺癌异常黑胆质证患者体内棕油酸、棕榈酸、油酸和花生酸含量明显升高,而亚油酸含量明显降低;乳腺癌异常黑胆质证患者体内棕油酸、棕榈酸、油酸、花生酸和EPA 含量明显升高,而硬脂酸和花生四烯酸含量明显降低;胃癌异常黑胆质证患者体内的棕油酸和DHA 含量明显升高,而亚油酸、EPA 和花生四烯酸含量明显降低。由此得出,不同病种肿瘤异常黑胆质证患者血浆脂肪酸代谢特点有共性,也有明显的差异性。     

The LDL receptor pathway delivers arachidonic acid for eicosanoid formation in cells stimulated by platelet-derived growth factor

Animal cells can convert 20-carbon polyunsaturated fatty acids into prostaglandins (PGs) and leukotrienes. These locally produced mediators of inflammatory and immunological reactions act in an autocrine or paracrine fashion. Arachidonic acid (AA), the precursor of most PGs and leukotrienes, is present in the form of lipid esters within plasma lipoproteins and cannot be synthesised de novo by animal cells. Therefore, AA or its plant-derived precursor, linoleic acid, must be provided to cells if PGs or leukotrienes are to be formed. Because several classes of lipoproteins, including low-density lipoproteins (LDL), very-low-density lipoproteins, and chylomicron remnants, are taken up by means of the LDL receptor, and because LDL and very-low-density lipoproteins, but not high-density lipoproteins, stimulate PG synthesis, we have suggested previously that PG formation is directly linked to the LDL pathway. Using fibroblasts with the receptor-negative phenotype of familial hypercholesterolaemia and anti-LDL receptor antibodies, we show here that LDL deliver AA for PG production and that an LDL receptor-dependent feedback mechanism inhibits the activity of PGH synthase, the rate-limiting enzyme of PG synthesis. These results indicate that the LDL pathway has a regulatory role in PG synthesis, in addition to its well-known role in the maintenance of cellular cholesterol homeostasis.     

国内色谱法研究人体内脂肪酸的综述

文章对国内色谱法研究人体内脂肪酸的文献进行了综述,包括气相色谱法(GC)、气相色谱质谱联用法(GC/MS)、高效液相色谱法(HPLC)。同时对脂肪酸测定结果与人的营养和疾病之间的关系进行了一定的探讨。     

食用植物油掺伪的气相色谱检测方法研究

用气相色谱法分析测定了常见植物油脂肪酸组成与含量，对其有关实验条件进行了优选，获得常见植物油脂脂肪酸组成与含量正常值。测定模拟掺伪常见植物油脂脂肪酸组成与含量获得掺伪常见植物油脂肪组成与含量的变化规律，建立了常见植物油油品的鉴别及其掺伪的气相色谱检测法，可快速鉴别常见植物油的种类，对常见植物油是否掺伪可作出快速拱别，同时对掺伪植物油可作定性、定量分析。经实际应用表明这种方法是行之有效的。     

平卧菊三七的脂肪酸成分分析

利用气相色谱-质谱联用仪,对平卧菊三七的脂肪酸成分进行分析,共检测出十四酸、棕榈油酸、软脂酸、十七酸、亚油酸、亚麻酸、硬脂酸、二十酸、二十二酸、二十四酸、二十六酸和二十八酸共12种脂肪酸,不饱和脂肪酸占总脂肪酸含量68.89%,表明平卧菊三七是一种营养价值较高的药材.