二十碳五烯酸和二十二碳六烯酸的代谢和生理机能

二十二碳六烯酸（简称ＤＨＡ）和二十碳五烯酸（简称ＥＰＡ）是鱼油中的生理活性物质．本文回顾了近几十年关于ＥＰＡ和ＤＨＡ的代谢及生理机能的研究．阐述了ＥＰＡ和花生四烯酸（简称ＡＡ）的两个重要代谢途径：环氧化酶途径和脂氧酶途径，指出ＥＰＡ和ＤＨＡ能抑制ＡＡ在这两个途径中的代谢．归纳了ＥＰＡ和ＤＨＡ主要生理作用：ＥＰＡ和ＤＨＡ能抑制血栓形成、降低血胆固醇和血脂、抗炎症；ＤＨＡ能抑制肿瘤的生长和抗过敏反应；ＤＨＡ可增加脑和神经系统的活性．

Metabolism and Physiological Function of Docosahexaenoic acid and Eicosapentaenoic acid

Docosahexaenoic acid(DHA) and eicosapentaenoic acid(EPA) are physiological activated ingredients in fish oil. Researches on metabolism and physiological function of DHA and EPA in the last decades are reviewed. This paper deals with two important metabolic ways of EPA and arachidonic acid(AA): the cyclooxygenase way and the lipooxygenase way, and suggests that EPA and DHA have suppressive effects on the metabolism of AA in the two cases. The main physiological functions of EPA and DHA are summarized as follows: EPA and DHA suppress thrombosis reaction, reduce the plasma cholesterol and triglyceride, and have anti-inflamatory activity; DHA suppresses the developement of tumor and allergic reaction. DHA enhances the activity of brain and nerve system.