2，4-二羟基苯乙酮缩氨基硫脲的微波固相合成及晶体结构

用2,4-二羟基苯乙酮和氨基硫脲为原料,在微波辅助作用下固相合成了2,4-二羟基苯乙酮缩氨基硫脲,利用红外光谱及单晶X射线法对目标化合物进行了表征,该化合物为单斜晶系,空间群为C2／c,晶体学参数n=2．0900（2）nm,b=0．79290（8）nm,c=1．32481（14）nm;β=100．2090（10）°;F（000）=944,Z=8,V=2·1607（4）nm3,Dc=1．365g·cm^-3,Mr=225．27,最终结构偏离因子R=0．0460,Rw=0．1309,S=1．031,最终差值电子密度的最大值和最小值分别为401nm^-3。和-247nm^-3．     

配合物[ML2]的合成及晶体结构(M=Ni2+,Cu2+;HL=C7H7NO)

标题化合物[ML2]（M=Ni^2-,Cu^2-;HL=C7H7NO,2-亚胺基甲基苯酚）由2-亚胺基甲基苯酚与NiCl2或CuCl2在无水乙醇中反应制得．用X射线衍射分析测定了两个化合物晶体结构．结果表明：它们均属单斜晶系,空间群为P2（1）／c,中心离子M（Ⅱ）的配位环境呈平面四方形．配合物[Ni（C7H6NO）2）]的晶体学参数：a=1．2918（3）nm,b=1．7512（4）nm,c=0．8110（2）nm,β=95．56（3）°,V=1．826（6）nm^3,Z=2,Dc=1．627Mg／m^3,Mr=298．97,μ=1．591mm^-1,F（000）=920,最终结构偏离因子R=0．0487,Ru=0．1199,S=1．018,最终差值电子云密度的最高峰和最低峰分别为1120nm^-3和-1226nm^-3配合物[Cu（C7H6NO）2）]的晶体学参数：a=1．2954（13）nm,b=0．5843（8）nm,c=0.8039（10）nm,β=94．69（3）°,V=0．6064（9）nm^3,Z=2,Dc=1．664Mg／m^3,Mr=303．80,μ=1．798mm^-1,F（000）=310,最终结构偏离因子R=0．0449,Rw=0．1196,S=1．077,最终差值电子云密度的最高峰和最低峰分别为484nm^-3和-388nm^-3．     

两种Cr(Ⅲ)配合物的合成、结构和光物理性质

采用溶剂热合成方法,得到了2种Cr（Ⅲ）配合物：Cr（oxinate）3·CH3CH2OH（1）和Cr（oxinate）3·CH3OH（2）．对2种化合物的单晶体进行X-射线衍射分析,确定了分子结构和晶体结构．2种化合物均为单斜晶系,P2（1）／n空间群．晶胞参数分别为：a=1．1255nm,b=1．3281nm,c=1．6783nm,α=90°,β=94．479°,γ=90°,V=2．5011nm^3,Z=4,F=1．052,R=0．0511（1）;a=1．0912nm,b=1．3136nm,c=1．6847nm,α=90°,β=97．73°,γ=90°,V=2．3930nm^3,Z=4,F=1．098,R=0．0467（2）．结构解析表明,2种化合物均存在着分子内氢键．对2种化合物的UV—VIS-NIR和荧光光谱进行了测定、分析指认和对比．     

Na3H3[C4FN3OH4]6[TeMo6O24]·8H2O和Na2H[C4FN3OH4]2[Al（OH）6Mo6O18]·13H2O的合成与晶体结构

采用常规方法合成了2个Anderson型多金属氧酸盐Na3H3[C4FN3OH4]6[TeMo6O24]·8H2O（Ⅰ）和Na2H[C4FN3OH4]2[Al（OH）6Mo6O18]·13H2O（Ⅱ）．通过元素分析、红外光谱、热重分析、X射线单晶衍射对其进行了表征．结果表明：2个化合物均属于三斜晶系,P-1空间群;化合物Ⅰ的晶胞参数a=1．10691（10）nm,b=1．14899（10）nm,c=1．35807（12）nm,a=71．63（2）°,β=66．25（10）°,γ=67．44（2）°,V=1．4334（2）nm^3,Z=1,R1=0．0748,wR2=0．1279;化合物Ⅱ的晶胞参数a=0．68788（4）nm,b=1．16845（7）nm,C=1．30690（8）nm,a=81．3390（10）°,β=77．8900（10）°,γ=79．5480（10）°,V=1．00307（10）nm^3,Z=1,R1=0．0314,wR2=0．0995．     

K5H11[WO2（PW9O34）2]·33H2O和K6Na2H2[Ni4（H2O）2（PW9O34）2]·23H2O的合成与表征

在常规条件下合成了2种具有一维链状结构的多金属钨酸盐K5H11[WO2（PW9O34）2]·33H2O（1）和K6Na2H2[Ni4（H2O）2（PW9O34）2]·23H2O（2）．采用X射线单晶结构分析、元素分析和红外光谱对其进行了表征．结果表明：化合物1属于正交晶系,Fddd空间群;晶胞参数a=2．9063nm,b=3．1790nm,c=3．9148nm,α=90．00°,β=90．00°γ=90．00°,V：36．1940nm^3,Z=2,R1=0．0706,ωR2=0．1621．化合物2属于单斜晶系,P2（1）／n空间群;晶胞参数a=1．1916nm,b=1．6547nm,C=2．1211nm,α=90．00°,β=100．66°,γ=90．00°,V=4．1098nm^3,Z=16,R1=0．0638,ωR2=0．1432．     

[Ag （his）2 ]NO3·0.5H2O的合成和晶体结构

利用扩散法合成了标题化合物[Ag（His）2]NO3·0．5H2O（1）,X射线单晶衍射分析结果表明,标题化合物分子式为：AgCl2H19N2O750,Mr=489．21,属正交晶系,P2（1）2（1）2空间群,晶胞参数：a=0．9675（3）nm,b=3．4113（9）nm,c=0．52193（13）nm,α=90°,β=90°,γ=90°,V=1．72227（8）nm^3,Z=4,Dcak=1．866gcm^-3,μ=1．228mm^-1,F（000）=984．0,R1=0．0272,wR=0．0639,化合物由配离子[Ag（his）2]^＋,1个NO3^-阴离子和0．5个水分子组成：中心银（Ⅰ）离子采用二配位的构型,2个L-组氨酸分别通过咪唑环中的2个N原子与Ag（Ⅰ）配位,化合物通过分子间氢键作用形成超分子结构．     

三维超分子化合物[Cd2（Dppz）4（1，2-BDC）2]·4H2O的水热合成、晶体结构和荧光性质

以邻苯二甲酸（1,2－H2BDC）和二-吡啶－（3,2-a：2’,3’－c）－吩嗪（Dppz）为混合配体,用水热方法合成了一种三维超分子化合物：[Cd2（Dppz）4（1,2-BDC）2]·4H2O,并通过X射线衍射对其结构进行表征．结果表明,该化合物属单斜晶系,C2／c空间群,晶胞参数为：α=2．49617（10）nm,b=1．71596（10）nm,c=1．82232（8）nm,β=96．293（1）°,V=7．7586（6）nm^3,Z=4,R1=0．0456,wR2=0．0939．荧光光谱分析结果表明,该化合物室温下显示出较强的蓝色荧光性质．     

金属磷酸盐Al8P2O16（OH）4C3N2H6·H2O的水热合成及晶体结构

采用水热合成的方法,在酸性条件下合成出一个三维微孔化合物Al8P2O16（OH）4C3N2H6·H2O并对其进行了X射线单晶衍射的测定,晶体学数据为：Imma空间群,a=18．655（2）nln,b=8．5370（10）nm,c=13．2196（16）nm,V=2105．3（4）nm^3,a=90°,Z=2,R1=0．0937。     

水介质中7-(4-溴苯基)-7,14-二氢化色烯并[4,3-b]苯并[f]喹啉-6-酮的合成及其晶体结构

以水为介质,氯化三乙基苄基铵（TEBAC）为相转移催化剂,在回流条件下,N-（4-溴苯亚甲基）-2-萘胺与4-羟基香豆素反应,合成了标题化合物C26H16BrNO2,其结构通过IR,^1HNMR,元素分析及单晶X射线衍射分析确定．结果表明：晶体属于单斜晶系,空间群P21／c,a=0．73681（8）nm,b=1．35483（14）nm,c=1．9662（3）nm,β=100．372（4）°,Mr=454．31,V=1．9307（4）nm^3,Dc=1．563g／cm^3,Z=4,μ（Mo Ks）=0．2153 cm^-1,F（000）=920．晶体结构用直接法解出,使用全矩阵最小二乘法对原子参数进行修正,最终的偏离因子R1=0．0446,Rw=0．0968．     

[Ca（H—Sulf）（H2O）6]（H—Sulf）·3H2O的合成及晶体结构

Ca（OH）2与柳氮磺胺吡啶（H2-Sulf）反应生成化合物[Ca（H—Sulf）（H2O）6]（H—Sulf）·3H2O。单晶X-射线衍射结构分析表明,标题化合物的化学式为C36H44CaN8O19S2,Mr=996．99,属三斜晶系,P-1空间群,晶胞参数：a=1．15786（11）nm,6—1．50224（15）nm,c=1．53953（15）nm,a=113．129（2）°,β=109．302（2）°,γ=92．477（2）°,V=2．2775（4）nm^3,Z=2,Dc=1．454Mg／m^3,R1=0．142,wR2=0．297（I〉2σ（I））,5=1．027。标题化合物为离子型化合物,中心Ca（Ⅱ）采用七配位的变形加帽八面体几何构型,柳氮磺胺吡啶的羧基采用单齿配位方式与Ca（Ⅱ）形成配位键,羟基和吡啶N均未参与配位。在晶胞堆积中,化合物通过复杂分子内和分子间氢键形成三维的超分子结构。     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Characterization of Ordovician carbonate reservoirs, southeastern Saskatchewan, Canada

The discovery of the prolific Ordovician Red River reservoirs in 1995 in southeastern Saskatchewan was the catalyst for extensive exploration activity which resulted in the discovery of more than 15 new Red River pools. The best yields of Red River production to date have been from dolomite reservoirs. Understanding the processes of dolomitization is, therefore, crucial for the prediction of the connectivity, spatial distribution and heterogeneity of dolomite reservoirs.The Red River reservoirs in the Midale area consist of 3～4 thin dolomitized zones, with a total thickness of about 20 m, which occur at the top of the Yeoman Formation. Two types of replacement dolomite were recognized in the Red River reservoir: dolomitized burrow infills and dolomitized host matrix. The spatial distribution of dolomite suggests that burrowing organisms played an important role in facilitating the fluid flow in the backfilled sediments. This resulted in penecontemporaneous dolomitization of burrow infills by normal seawater. The dolomite in the host matrix is interpreted as having occurred at shallow burial by evaporitic seawater during precipitation of Lake Almar anhydrite that immediately overlies the Yeoman Formation. However, the low δ18O values of dolomited burrow infills (-5.9‰～ -7.8‰, PDB) and matrix dolomites (-6.6‰～ -8.1‰, avg. -7.4‰ PDB) compared to the estimated values for the late Ordovician marine dolomite could be attributed to modification and alteration of dolomite at higher temperatures during deeper burial, which could also be responsible for its 87Sr/86Sr ratios (0.7084～0.7088) that are higher than suggested for the late Ordovician seawaters (0.7078～0.7080). The trace amounts of saddle dolomite cement in the Red River carbonates are probably related to "cannibalization" of earlier replacement dolomite during the chemical compaction.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

A computer generator for randomly layered structures

AcomputergeneratorforrandomlylayeredstructuresYUJia shun1,2,HEZhen hua2(1.TheInstituteofGeologicalandNuclearSciences,NewZealand;2.StateKeyLaboratoryofOilandGasReservoirGeologyandExploitation,ChengduUniversityofTechnology,China)Abstract:Analgorithmisintrod…     

An Index mechanism for multi-scale view in spatial databases

There are numerous geometric objects stored in the spatial databases. An importance function in a spatial database is that users can browse the geometric objects as a map efficiently. Thus the spatial database should display the geometric objects users concern about swiftly onto the display window. This process includes two operations:retrieve data from database and then draw them onto screen. Accordingly, to improve the efficiency, we should try to reduce time of both retrieving object and displaying them. The former can be achieved with the aid of spatial index such as R-tree, the latter require to simplify the objects. Simplification means that objects are shown with sufficient but not with unnecessary detail which depend on the scale of browse. So the major problem is how to retrieve data at different detail level efficiently. This paper introduces the implementation of a multi-scale index in the spatial database SISP (Spatial Information Shared Platform) which is generalized from R-tree. The difference between the generalization and the R-tree lies on two facets: One is that every node and geometric object in the generalization is assigned with a importance value which denote the importance of them, and every vertex in the objects are assigned with a importance value,too. The importance value can be use to decide which data should be retrieve from disk in a query. The other difference is that geometric objects in the generalization are divided into one or more sub-blocks, and vertexes are total ordered by their importance value. With the help of the generalized R-tree, one can easily retrieve data at different detail levels.Some experiments are performed on real-life data to evaluate the performance of solutions that separately use normal spatial index and multi-scale spatial index. The results show that the solution using multi-scale index in SISP is satisfying.     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

正The periodicity of the elements and the non-reactivity of the inner-shell electrons are two related principles of chemistry,rooted in the atomic shell structure.Within compounds,Group I elements,for example,invariably assume the+1 oxidation state,and their chemical properties differ completely from those of the p-block elements.These general rules govern our understanding of chemical structures and reactions.Using first principles calcula-     

Exchange-Correlation and Electronic Excitation Energies from Pairing Matrix Fluctuations

We have developed an adiabatic connection to formulate the ground-state exchange-correlation energy in terms of pairing matrix linear fluctuations.This formulation of the exchange-correlation energy opens a new channel for density functional approximations based on the many-body perturbation theory.We illustrate the potential of such approaches with an approximation based on the particle-particle Random Phase Approximation(pp-RPA).This re-     

Density Functional Theory for the Response of Periodic Systems to Electric Fields Based on the Vector Potential Approach

正The electronic and nuclear(structural/vibrational)response of 1D-3D nanoscale systems to electric fields gives rise to a host of optical,mechanical,spectral,etc.properties that are of high theoretical and applied interest.Due to the computational difficulty of treating such large systems it is convenient to model them as infinite and periodic(at least,in first approximation).The fundamental theoretical/computational problem in doing so is that     

On the Thermodynamic Limit for Responses to Static Electromagnetic Fields

For molecular systems,the quantum-mechanical treatment of their responses to static electromagnetic fields usually employs a scalar-potential treatment of the electric field and a vector-potential treatment of the magnetic field.Although the potential for each field separately is associated with the choice of an(unphysical)origin,the precise choice of the origin for the electrostatic field has little consequences for the results.This is different for the