土体-框架结构振动台模型实验研究

在进行土体-框架结构的振动台模型实验中,测出了模型体系的加速度、位移和应变反应.首先分析了实验各阶段系统的自振频率及阻尼比的变化情况,然后着重比较了各工况下框架结构的加速度、层间位移和应变反应规律,并与刚性地基实验进行了对比.实验结果表明,相对于仅有水平激振,竖向激振的参与可使结构的反应增加,且位移、应变反应的增量要大于加速度反应的增量;桩体应变要小于框架上的应变;基础上的加速度反应要大于土表反应.土-结构相互作用下的测试结果普遍要大于刚性地基情况下的结果,并且加速度峰值、层间位移峰值沿楼层的变化趋势也不相同,基于刚性地基假定下的计算结果可能偏于不安全,对于结构的抗震设计考虑土-结构相互作用的影响很有必要.     

黄土地区地上两层地铁车站抗震性能振动台试验

为研究黄土地区地下一层地上两层地铁车站结构的抗震性能,进行包括地上、地下结构及周围土层的振动台试验研究.在简要介绍模型设计和试验工况的基础上,重点根据试验中各传感器所记录的数据,对模型土箱的边界效应、模型地基与模型结构的动力反应、土与结构的相互作用等进行分析探讨.试验结果表明:地下一层地上两层地铁车站模型结构地上部分受输入地震动峰值加速度影响较大,地上部分的最终破坏模式是整体侧向倒塌;车站模型结构地下部分受地下结构周围土层影响较大,土层位移不大时地下结构无明显破坏;地上地下结构交接处的破坏最为严重.模型车站结构的存在对土体动力反应的影响较小,并随输入地震动峰值的增大而减弱.     

地下水条件下平行双隧道对场地地震反应影响的分析

通过有限元方法建立含有地下水及平行双隧道结构的场地模型,在模型底部输入水平地震波,分析场地表面在均匀土和层状土两种场地条件下的加速度变化规律。研究结果表明:隧道间距大小对地面的地震反应不是单纯的放大或缩小作用,而是影响地表加速度峰值的出现位置;地下水与地下结构的存在使地表不同位置呈现不同的反映情况,且层状土场地的放大效应比均匀土要大;双隧道对地震波的反射叠加作用,场地表面产生竖向加速度,其中隧道内侧的竖向加速度要大于隧道外侧,隧道外侧的竖向加速度要大于隧道上方的竖向加速度。     

土-筏基钢框架结构动力相互作用试验研究

为了解土-结构动力相互作用,分别在土槽和刚性地基上进行大比例筏板基础-钢框架顶层低频激振,通过改变上部结构刚度而进行了4个工况的试验对比,对采集的信号进行频谱分析和时域分析,得到不同工况下刚框架频率和动力反应,发现土体对结构频率与动力反应的关系呈现出一定的规律,这种规律主要是由上部结构的刚度变化引起的.土槽中的结构比刚性地基结构自振频率有所折减,随着上部结构刚度的增加土槽中的结构自振频率折减增多,试验最大值可达21.63%.结构各层柱的最大剪力、各楼层加速度峰值及位移峰值有明显的变化规律,加速度折减可达30%以上.     

大比例模型稳态激振试验研究

设计并制作了一个土桩上部结构动力相互作用1/2比例框架模型,并对模型进行了弹性范围内的顶部稳态激振试验.对比了忽略重力加速度模拟模型、部分考虑重力加速度模拟模型、考虑重力加速度模拟模型3种工况下顶部机械激振的模型动力反应情况,发现结构顶部速度响应与底部速度响应存在较大不同,并且随着所考虑的重力荷载的增加,模型的基频逐渐降低,频率的变化基本符合相似规律.通过与实测值进行对比发现,本文所建有限元计算模型基本符合实际情况.通过计算,发现结构的频率、加速度响应随土层弹性模量的变化基本呈指数函数变化,提出了通过制造基于考虑土结构动力相互作用的人工地基达到减震效果的新思路.     

列车振动荷载对邻近深基坑的既有站变形影响

通过模拟的轮轨激振荷载 ,分析新建的平行换乘车站深基坑开挖过程中 ,既有车站结构的动力响应 .分析认为 :在换乘站基坑开挖过程中 ,由列车动荷载引起的既有车站结构位移在允许值的 7%范围以内 ;车振荷载主要引起连续墙的竖向振动加速度 ,但基坑开挖后 ,竖向振动加速度变化不大 ,而水平振动加速度幅值有较大增长 .     

风和地震下上海中心幕墙支撑结构与主结构协同分析

通过将幕墙支撑结构与主体结构整体建模,对风荷载及水平地震作用下幕墙支撑结构与主体结构相对竖向变形特性及其对支撑结构受力影响以及竖向地震作用下支撑结构竖向不均匀变形、内力及加速度反应及其对设计的影响进行了详细分析与研究,研究结果表明,在水平荷载作用下,主体结构与环梁竖向相对变形引起径向支撑的附加弯矩,通过设置滑动构造可减小弯矩保证支撑受力安全;在竖向地震作用下,幕墙系统将产生较大的不均匀变形对板块产生不利影响、吊杆产生较大附加轴力、环梁竖向加速度反应显著,设计时应对以上不利因素进行评估以保证幕墙系统在地震作用下的安全.     

土-桩-结构非线性相互作用体系行波效应

采用并行计算方法,分别选取长周期地震波和普通地震波作为输入,以某典型桥梁工程为背景建立土桩桥梁结构非线性相互作用分析模型,对在不同类型地震波作用下的土桩结构非线性相互作用体系进行了行波效应分析,探讨了桩土接触效应和并行计算加速比等问题.分析结果表明:接触面效应对群桩水平向地震反应的影响较小,在竖直向则会产生明显的不协调现象.考虑接触面效应时,行波输入下的结构水平向加速度反应略小于一致输入,竖向加速度反应则远大于一致输入,水平向和竖向的位移反应也较大.长周期地震动行波输入下的水平向加速度和位移反应结果均大于普通地震波.对于此类大计算量三维有限元分析,采用并行计算方法可以有效提高计算效率.     

轨道-路基体系一致动力相似设计方法与动力试验

在室内动力试验中,为考虑缩尺模型轨道和路基结构的动力效应以及二者的相互作用,提出了轨道-路基体系一致动力相似设计方法:即在对轨道结构进行动力相似设计的同时,保持轨道-路基模型的加速度相似比为1,再通过轨道和路基遵循相同的长度相似比、控制路基模型剪切波速相似来进行路基结构动力设计.采用该方法进行了缩尺比为1/4的轨道-路基模型结构的相似设计,开展了不同激振频率工况下模型体系的动力试验,测试并分析了路基模型不同位置处的加速度反应等,确定了试验模型体系一阶固有频率.结果表明:加速度在向下传递过程中存在时间尺度上的滞后效应;同一激振频率下,路基不同结构层处加速度频谱分析的特征频率一致.     

格构锚固边坡地震响应的振动台试验研究

设计并完成比例尺为1∶8的边坡大型振动台模型试验,研究格构锚杆框架支护边坡在汶川波水平向、竖直向和水平竖直双向激振下的动力响应特性.研究结果表明:3种激振方式都会使边坡产生水平和竖直向加速度动力响应,且呈现出明显的非线性特征.水平向激振主要产生水平向加速度放大效应,边坡上方动力响应强度比中下方动力响应强度明显,内部动力响应强度比坡面动力响应强度明显;竖直向激振主要产生竖直向加速度放大效应,边坡中上方坡内动力响应强度大于坡面动力响应强度,边坡下方坡内动力响应强度则稍弱于坡面动力响应强度;加速度动力响应峰值放大系数(PGAA)随坡高也呈显著的非线性特征:在水平向激振下,水平和竖直向PGAA都是随坡高非线性增大;在竖直向激振下,水平向PEAA和激振加速度峰值AZmax≥0.400g时的竖直向PGAA随坡高非线性增大;在水平和竖直双向激振下,边坡中下方水平向PGAA和AXmax≥0.400g时竖直向PGAA随坡高非线性增大.3种激振方式下动位移响应主要出现在水平方向上,且呈现出非线性特征.水平向或水平竖直双向激振下,主要产生水平方向的永久位移,其量值接近但方向相反;竖直向激振下产生的水平和竖直向永久位移较小.3种激振方式下主要产生水平方向动土压力响应,响应程度比较接近,呈现出非线性特征,动土压力峰值的最大值都出现在坡中.     

Characterization of Ordovician carbonate reservoirs, southeastern Saskatchewan, Canada

The discovery of the prolific Ordovician Red River reservoirs in 1995 in southeastern Saskatchewan was the catalyst for extensive exploration activity which resulted in the discovery of more than 15 new Red River pools. The best yields of Red River production to date have been from dolomite reservoirs. Understanding the processes of dolomitization is, therefore, crucial for the prediction of the connectivity, spatial distribution and heterogeneity of dolomite reservoirs.The Red River reservoirs in the Midale area consist of 3～4 thin dolomitized zones, with a total thickness of about 20 m, which occur at the top of the Yeoman Formation. Two types of replacement dolomite were recognized in the Red River reservoir: dolomitized burrow infills and dolomitized host matrix. The spatial distribution of dolomite suggests that burrowing organisms played an important role in facilitating the fluid flow in the backfilled sediments. This resulted in penecontemporaneous dolomitization of burrow infills by normal seawater. The dolomite in the host matrix is interpreted as having occurred at shallow burial by evaporitic seawater during precipitation of Lake Almar anhydrite that immediately overlies the Yeoman Formation. However, the low δ18O values of dolomited burrow infills (-5.9‰～ -7.8‰, PDB) and matrix dolomites (-6.6‰～ -8.1‰, avg. -7.4‰ PDB) compared to the estimated values for the late Ordovician marine dolomite could be attributed to modification and alteration of dolomite at higher temperatures during deeper burial, which could also be responsible for its 87Sr/86Sr ratios (0.7084～0.7088) that are higher than suggested for the late Ordovician seawaters (0.7078～0.7080). The trace amounts of saddle dolomite cement in the Red River carbonates are probably related to "cannibalization" of earlier replacement dolomite during the chemical compaction.     

An Index mechanism for multi-scale view in spatial databases

There are numerous geometric objects stored in the spatial databases. An importance function in a spatial database is that users can browse the geometric objects as a map efficiently. Thus the spatial database should display the geometric objects users concern about swiftly onto the display window. This process includes two operations:retrieve data from database and then draw them onto screen. Accordingly, to improve the efficiency, we should try to reduce time of both retrieving object and displaying them. The former can be achieved with the aid of spatial index such as R-tree, the latter require to simplify the objects. Simplification means that objects are shown with sufficient but not with unnecessary detail which depend on the scale of browse. So the major problem is how to retrieve data at different detail level efficiently. This paper introduces the implementation of a multi-scale index in the spatial database SISP (Spatial Information Shared Platform) which is generalized from R-tree. The difference between the generalization and the R-tree lies on two facets: One is that every node and geometric object in the generalization is assigned with a importance value which denote the importance of them, and every vertex in the objects are assigned with a importance value,too. The importance value can be use to decide which data should be retrieve from disk in a query. The other difference is that geometric objects in the generalization are divided into one or more sub-blocks, and vertexes are total ordered by their importance value. With the help of the generalized R-tree, one can easily retrieve data at different detail levels.Some experiments are performed on real-life data to evaluate the performance of solutions that separately use normal spatial index and multi-scale spatial index. The results show that the solution using multi-scale index in SISP is satisfying.     

A computer generator for randomly layered structures

AcomputergeneratorforrandomlylayeredstructuresYUJia shun1,2,HEZhen hua2(1.TheInstituteofGeologicalandNuclearSciences,NewZealand;2.StateKeyLaboratoryofOilandGasReservoirGeologyandExploitation,ChengduUniversityofTechnology,China)Abstract:Analgorithmisintrod…     

海南岛地体及其毗邻陆缘晚中生代—新生代古地磁研究和构造演化

本文叙述了对海南岛及其毗邻大陆边缘白垩纪到第四纪地层岩石进行古地磁研究的全部工作过程。通过分析岩石中剩余磁矢量的磁偏角及磁倾角的变化,提出海南岛白垩纪以来经历的构造演化模式如下:早期伴随顺时针旋转而向南迁移,后期伴随逆时针转动并向北运移。联系该地区及邻区的地质、地球物理资料,对海南岛上述的构造地体运动提出以下认识:北部湾内早期有一拉张作用,主要是该作用使湾内地壳显著伸长减薄,形成北部湾盆地。从而导致了海南岛的早期构造运动,而海南岛后期的构造运动则主要是受南海海底扩张的影响。海南地体运动规律的阐明对于了解北部湾油气盆地的形成演化有重要的理论和实际意义。     

Exciton Seebeck in Molecular Systems

Various applications relevant to the exciton dynamics,such as the organic solar cell,the large-area organic light-emitting diodes and the thermoelectricity,are operating under temperature gradient.The potential abnormal behavior of the exicton dynamics driven by the temperature difference may affect the efficiency and performance of the corresponding devices.In the above situations,the exciton dynamics under temperature difference is mixed with     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

The elongation method,originally proposed by Imamura was further developed for many years in our group.As a method towards O(N)with high efficiency and high accuracy for any dimensional systems.This treatment designed for one-dimensional(ID)polymers is now available for three-dimensional(3D)systems,but geometry optimization is now possible only for 1D-systems.As an approach toward post-Hartree-Fock,it was also extended to     

《Chinese Science Bulletin》SUBJECT INDEX TO VOLUME 59(2014)

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An on-line scaling method for improving scalability of a database cluster

The explosive growth of the Internet and database applications has driven database to be more scalable and available, and able to support on-line scaling without interrupting service. To support more client's queries without downtime and degrading the response time, more nodes have to be scaled up while the database is running. This paper presents the overview of scalable and available database that satisfies the above characteristics. And we propose a novel on-line scaling method. Our method improves the existing on-line scaling method for fast response time and higher throughputs. Our proposed method reduces unnecessary network use, i.e. , we decrease the number of data copy by reusing the backup data. Also, our on-line scaling operation can be processed parallel by selecting adequate nodes as new node. Our performance study shows that our method results in significant reduction in data copy time.     

An improved R-tree based on childnode''s probability

R-Tree is a good structure for spatial searching. But in this indexing structure,either the sequence of nodes in the same level or sequence of traveling these nodes when queries are made is random. Since the possibility that the object appears in different MBR which have the same parents node is different, if we make the subnode who has the most possibility be traveled first, the time cost will be decreased in most of the cases. In some case, the possibility of a point belong to a rectangle will shows direct proportion with the size of the rectangle. But this conclusion is based on an assumption that the objects are symmetrically distributing in the area and this assumption is not always coming into existence. Now we found a more direct parameter to scale the possibility and made a little change on the structure of R-tree, to increase the possibility of founding the satisfying answer in the front sub trees. We names this structure probability based arranged R-tree (PBAR-tree).     

Integrating GIS Web services based on mediating architecture

The geographic information service is enabled by the advancements in general Web service technology and the focused efforts of the OGC in defining XML-based Web GIS service. Based on these models, this paper addresses the issue of services chaining,the process of combining or pipelining results from several interoperable GIS Web Services to create a customized solution. This paper presents a mediated chaining architecture in which a specific service takes responsibility for performing the process that describes a service chain. We designed the Spatial Information Process Language (SIPL) for dynamic modeling and describing the service chain, also a prototype of the Spatial Information Process Execution Engine (SIPEE) is implemented for executing processes written in SIPL. Discussion of measures to improve the functionality and performance of such system will be included.