炸药废水的绿色化处理工艺研究

采用超临界水氧化技术处理炸药生产废水，探讨了超临界水氧化降解炸药废水的规律。结果表明：反应温度是影响炸药废水COD去除率的主要因素，在超临界条件下，COD的去除率随着温度的升高而增加。在反应温度为550℃、压力24MPa、反应停留时间为120s的条件下，COD去除率可以达到99．98％以上。     

超临界氧化技术处理吐氏酸生产废水

为更好地处理难降解的高浓度有机废水,研究了在间歇式超临界水反应装置内,超临界水氧化技术处理吐氏酸生产废水的最佳条件及其处理效果.通过单因素试验和正交试验,系统地研究了不同条件下废水COD和色度的去除率.当温度为380℃、压力为24 MPa、时间为150 s以及过氧比为1.8倍时,COD去除率可达96.7%,色度去除率可达97.5%,且反应后废水的可生化性有极大改善.     

超临界水氧化法处理HTS分子筛生产废水

超临界水氧化技术是处理高浓度难降解有机废水领域的一种高效、环境友好型的处理技术。利用超临界水氧化法处理钛硅(HTS)分子筛生产废水,主要考察了反应温度和停留时间对超临界水氧化处理钛硅(HTS)分子筛生产废水过程中COD去除率和氨氮去除率的影响,并在实验数据的基础上对COD转化率的反应动力学方程进行研究。实验结果表明,在23MPa和氧气过量的条件下,反应温度为793 K和停留时间120 s条件下,COD转化率和氨氮去除率分别可以达到99.96%和99.37%,处理出水能够达到排放标准。动力学研究结果表明,反应温度763~793 K范围内该反应为一级反应,活化能为34.67 k J·mol-1,指前因子为12.41。     

含油废水的超临界水氧化反应机理及动力学特性

针对传统的处理方法不能有效地去除油田开采废水中化学需氧量(COD)的缺点,引入超临界水氧化法作为含油废水的深度处理技术,研究了含油废水在超临界水中的氧化降解过程,并用自由基反应机理解释了超临界水氧化反应的机理.实验结果表明:超临界水氧化法是一种高效快速的有机废物处理技术,COD的去除率近90%;反应温度、停留时间是影响废水COD去除率的主要因素,随着反应温度、停留时间的增加,废水COD去除率显著增大;氧化反应对废水的反应级数为1.62,对氧为0.22,反应活化能和频率因子分别为(92.2±9.9)kJ.mol-1和(3.53±3.33)×103,所建立的反应动力学模型与实验结果的偏差在±10%之内.此外,在分析综述基础上指出了超临界水氧化处理过程存在的问题及可能的解决方法.     

臭氧氧化法处理感光废水中COD的研究

考察臭氧氧化法处理感光废水过程中反应时间、反应温度、原水稀释倍数、初始pH值、臭氧通入量等因素对COD去除率的影响。在优化条件下,显影废水中COD去除率为61.6%、定影废水中COD去除率为72.6%。     

超临界水氧化法处理含染料废水的工艺研究

探讨了超临界水氧化处理水中活性染料雅格素藏青-R-150%的工艺条件方法,考察了反应温度、压力、停留时间、初始浓度、氧化剂用量、pH值等工艺参数对水中雅格素藏青-R-150%去除率的影响.实验结果表明,超临界水中的氧化反应能有效去除水中的TOC,反应温度、反应时间、初始浓度、pH值是重要的影响因素.在380℃,25 MPa,停留时间3.2 m in,pH为7的条件下处理活性染料雅格素藏青-R-150%时,其COD去除率可达98.06%.     

超临界水氧化油田含油污泥无害化处理研究

实验研究了以超临界水氧化法(SCWO)处理油田含油污泥实现含油污泥无害化处理.考察了反应温度、反应压力、停留时间、pH值等条件对含油污泥COD去除率的影响.实验结果表明:一氧化碳和醋酸是中间产物,二氧化碳是最终产物.当反应温度为440℃、反应压力为24MPa、反应停留时间为10min、pH为10时,含油污泥中的COD去除率可达到98%以上.反应停留时间和反应温度是影响含油污泥中COD去除率的主要因素.随着反应停留时间和反应温度的增加,含油污泥COD去除率增加;反应压力和氧化剂质量浓度对含油污泥COD去除率也很重要,但当反应压力和氧化剂浓度达到一定值时,对含油污泥COD去除影响不大.     

甲醇超临界水氧化的实验研究

以过量的双氧水作为氧化剂,进行了380,400,420℃三个温度的超临界水氧化处理甲醇废水的实验研究。随着温度升高甲醇和COD去除率速度增加,在420℃时120min甲醇和COD的去除率都可达到99％以上。380℃时直到180min甲醇和COD的去除串分别为96．3％和93．1％;400℃到150min时甲醇去除半达到97.5％,到180min时COD去除率也达到了98．7％。在甲醇的氧化分解历程中,经历了先被氧化分解为甲醛的中间过程,然后再被完全氧化为二氧化碳和水。     

超临界水氧化处理毒死蜱产生的缩合废水

采用连续流超临界水氧化技术处理毒死蜱生产废水,研究了反应温度、压力、停留时间及过氧量4个因素对处理毒死蜱生产废水效果的影响。结果表明:温度、压力、停留时间和过氧倍数均对超临界水氧化的污染物转化进程产生影响,其中温度对有机氮的转化影响最为显著,温度大于450℃,有机氮转化完全,COD、TN的去除率分别大于99%和90%,而氨氮转化去除的反应条件较为苛刻,与同步脱氮技术相结合,可实现COD、氨氮等污染物的高效去除和达标排放。     

超临界水氧化毒死蜱缩合废水实验研究

采用连续流超临界水氧化技术处理毒死蜱生产废水,研究了反应温度、压力、停留时间及过氧量四个因素对处理毒死蜱生产废水效果的影响,结果表明：温度、压力、停留时间和过氧倍数均对超临界水氧化的污染物转化进程产生影响,其中温度对有机氮的转化影响最为显著,温度大于450℃,有机氮转化完全,COD、TN的去除率分别大于99%和90%,而氨氮转化去除的反应条件较为苛刻,与同步脱氮技术相结合,可实现COD、氨氮等污染物的高效去除和达标排放。     

An Index mechanism for multi-scale view in spatial databases

There are numerous geometric objects stored in the spatial databases. An importance function in a spatial database is that users can browse the geometric objects as a map efficiently. Thus the spatial database should display the geometric objects users concern about swiftly onto the display window. This process includes two operations:retrieve data from database and then draw them onto screen. Accordingly, to improve the efficiency, we should try to reduce time of both retrieving object and displaying them. The former can be achieved with the aid of spatial index such as R-tree, the latter require to simplify the objects. Simplification means that objects are shown with sufficient but not with unnecessary detail which depend on the scale of browse. So the major problem is how to retrieve data at different detail level efficiently. This paper introduces the implementation of a multi-scale index in the spatial database SISP (Spatial Information Shared Platform) which is generalized from R-tree. The difference between the generalization and the R-tree lies on two facets: One is that every node and geometric object in the generalization is assigned with a importance value which denote the importance of them, and every vertex in the objects are assigned with a importance value,too. The importance value can be use to decide which data should be retrieve from disk in a query. The other difference is that geometric objects in the generalization are divided into one or more sub-blocks, and vertexes are total ordered by their importance value. With the help of the generalized R-tree, one can easily retrieve data at different detail levels.Some experiments are performed on real-life data to evaluate the performance of solutions that separately use normal spatial index and multi-scale spatial index. The results show that the solution using multi-scale index in SISP is satisfying.     

Characterization of Ordovician carbonate reservoirs, southeastern Saskatchewan, Canada

The discovery of the prolific Ordovician Red River reservoirs in 1995 in southeastern Saskatchewan was the catalyst for extensive exploration activity which resulted in the discovery of more than 15 new Red River pools. The best yields of Red River production to date have been from dolomite reservoirs. Understanding the processes of dolomitization is, therefore, crucial for the prediction of the connectivity, spatial distribution and heterogeneity of dolomite reservoirs.The Red River reservoirs in the Midale area consist of 3～4 thin dolomitized zones, with a total thickness of about 20 m, which occur at the top of the Yeoman Formation. Two types of replacement dolomite were recognized in the Red River reservoir: dolomitized burrow infills and dolomitized host matrix. The spatial distribution of dolomite suggests that burrowing organisms played an important role in facilitating the fluid flow in the backfilled sediments. This resulted in penecontemporaneous dolomitization of burrow infills by normal seawater. The dolomite in the host matrix is interpreted as having occurred at shallow burial by evaporitic seawater during precipitation of Lake Almar anhydrite that immediately overlies the Yeoman Formation. However, the low δ18O values of dolomited burrow infills (-5.9‰～ -7.8‰, PDB) and matrix dolomites (-6.6‰～ -8.1‰, avg. -7.4‰ PDB) compared to the estimated values for the late Ordovician marine dolomite could be attributed to modification and alteration of dolomite at higher temperatures during deeper burial, which could also be responsible for its 87Sr/86Sr ratios (0.7084～0.7088) that are higher than suggested for the late Ordovician seawaters (0.7078～0.7080). The trace amounts of saddle dolomite cement in the Red River carbonates are probably related to "cannibalization" of earlier replacement dolomite during the chemical compaction.     

A computer generator for randomly layered structures

AcomputergeneratorforrandomlylayeredstructuresYUJia shun1,2,HEZhen hua2(1.TheInstituteofGeologicalandNuclearSciences,NewZealand;2.StateKeyLaboratoryofOilandGasReservoirGeologyandExploitation,ChengduUniversityofTechnology,China)Abstract:Analgorithmisintrod…     

Perspherical Approaches for Electrons in Atoms and Charged Excitons in Quantum Wells

Instead of following Fock’s expansion,we solve the Schrodinger equation for some quantum mechanical manybody systems such as electrons in atoms and charged excitons in quantum wells in a similar way in hyperspherical coordinates by expanding the wave functions into orthonormal complete basis sets of the hyperspherical hannonics(HHs)of hyperangles and generalized Laguerre polynomials(GLPs)of the hyperradius.This leads the equation to     

Advances in broadband wireless communications under high-mobility scenarios

Future mobile communication systems aim at providing very high data transmission rates, even in high-mobility scenarios such as high-speed wheel-track trains, maglev trains, highway vehicles, airplanes, guided missiles or spacecraft. A particularly important commercial application is the strong and increasing worldwide demand for high- speed broadband wireless communications （up to 574.8 km/ h test speeds or 380 km/h commercial speeds） in railways, providing data, voice and video services for applications such as onboard entertainment services to passengers, train control, train dispatch, train sensor status handling and sur- veillance. In such high-mobility scenarios, there are a number of communication challenges, including fast hand- over, location updating, high-speed channel modeling, estimation and equalization, anti-Doppler spreading tech- niques, fast power control, and dedicated network architec- ture. Because signal transmission in very high-speed scenarios will inevitably experience serious deterioration, it is imperative to develop key broadband mobile communi- cation techniques for such high-speed vehicles.     

Wuhan University Journal of Natural Sciences TOTAL CONTENTS

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海南岛地体及其毗邻陆缘晚中生代—新生代古地磁研究和构造演化

本文叙述了对海南岛及其毗邻大陆边缘白垩纪到第四纪地层岩石进行古地磁研究的全部工作过程。通过分析岩石中剩余磁矢量的磁偏角及磁倾角的变化,提出海南岛白垩纪以来经历的构造演化模式如下:早期伴随顺时针旋转而向南迁移,后期伴随逆时针转动并向北运移。联系该地区及邻区的地质、地球物理资料,对海南岛上述的构造地体运动提出以下认识:北部湾内早期有一拉张作用,主要是该作用使湾内地壳显著伸长减薄,形成北部湾盆地。从而导致了海南岛的早期构造运动,而海南岛后期的构造运动则主要是受南海海底扩张的影响。海南地体运动规律的阐明对于了解北部湾油气盆地的形成演化有重要的理论和实际意义。     

Scale-based spatial data model for GIS

Being the primary media of geographical information and the elementary objects manipulated, almost all of maps adopt the layer-based model to represent geographic information in the existent GIS. However, it is difficult to extend the map represented in layer-based model. Furthermore, in Web-Based GIS, It is slow to transmit the spatial data for map viewing. In this paper, for solving the questions above, we have proposed a new method for representing the spatial data. That is scale-based model. In this model we represent maps in three levels: scale-view, block, and spatial object, and organize the maps in a set of map layers, named Scale-View, which associates some given scales.Lastly, a prototype Web-Based GIS using the proposed spatial data representation is described briefly.     

Exciton Seebeck in Molecular Systems

Various applications relevant to the exciton dynamics,such as the organic solar cell,the large-area organic light-emitting diodes and the thermoelectricity,are operating under temperature gradient.The potential abnormal behavior of the exicton dynamics driven by the temperature difference may affect the efficiency and performance of the corresponding devices.In the above situations,the exciton dynamics under temperature difference is mixed with     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

The elongation method,originally proposed by Imamura was further developed for many years in our group.As a method towards O(N)with high efficiency and high accuracy for any dimensional systems.This treatment designed for one-dimensional(ID)polymers is now available for three-dimensional(3D)systems,but geometry optimization is now possible only for 1D-systems.As an approach toward post-Hartree-Fock,it was also extended to