影响金针菇多酚氧化酶活性因素研究

目的 从金针菇中提取多酚氧化酶,并对其特性进行研究.方法 采用分光光度法研究温度、pH、抑制剂对金针菇多酚氧化酶活力的影响.结果 以邻苯二酚为底物,金针菇多酚氧化酶(Polyphenoloxidase fromFlammulina velutipes,FVPPO)的酶促褐变产物在可见光波长295 nm处有最大吸收峰;在pH为5.0～6.0范围内酶活力较大;在20～40℃的范围内随着温度升高,酶活性逐渐增强;在40℃时PPO活性最强;抗坏血酸、柠檬酸、EDTA-2Na对金针菇多酚氧化酶的活性都有抑制作用,在同浓度下,对金针菇PPO活性的抑制效果次序为抗坏血酸>柠檬酸>EDTA-2Na.结论 金针菇多酚氧化酶的最适pH为6.0,最适温度为40℃,抗坏血酸对金针菇PPO活性的抑制作用最强.     

香水梨中多酚氧化酶的活性研究

以磷酸盐作为缓冲液。提取梨中多酚氧化酶的粗酶液。以邻苯二酚为底物。用分光光度法研究了多酚氧化酶作用的最适条件以及一些化学试剂对酶活性的影响．结果表明：香水梨中多酚氧化酶酶促反应的适宜温度为25℃,最适pH值为5．0。半胱氨酸、维生素C为较好的抑制剂,柠檬酸对多酚氧化酶的抑制作用随浓度不同而不同．     

黄花梨多酚氧化酶特性及防褐变处理

从黄花梨中提取多酚氧化酶,并对其特性进行研究.以邻苯二酚为底物采用分光光度法测定了不同pH值、温度、底物浓度、酶浓度及抑制剂对PPO活性影响.结果表明:黄花梨PPO具有同工酶.黄花梨PPO的最适pH值为6.0,最适温度为25℃,并在此基础上考察了抗坏血酸、柠檬酸、亚硫酸氢钠和L-半胱氨酸对PPO的褐变抑制效果.     

菊芋多酚氧化酶的酶学性质

为了解菊芋提取物氧化变色的机理,用分光光度法分别研究了以邻苯二酚为底物的酶促褐变反应动力学和pH值、温度、底物浓度、酶浓度对该反应的影响,以及不同底物对多酚氧化酶活性的影响,揭示了菊芋多酚氧化酶(PPO)的基本酶学性质.结果表明:菊芋PPO催化邻苯二酚氧化反应的最适pH值为4.8,最适温度为35℃;菊芋PPO的热稳定性差,85℃以上加热处理5min就可使其大部分失活;菊芋PPO酶促褐变反应动力学符合米氏方程所描述的规律,相应的动力学参数Km=0.013 mol/L,Vmax=7.5 mmol/s.菊芋PPO的活性随酶浓度的增加而增大,酶的添加量超过0.8mL后,增速逐步减小;菊芋多酚氧化酶对邻位多酚的氧化具有专一性.     

刺嫩芽中多酚氧化酶活性的影响因素研究

研究了pH、温度以及抑制剂与激活剂对从新鲜刺嫩芽中提取出的多酚氧化酶（PPO）活性的影响,及温度对其热稳定性的影响.结果表明：以邻苯二酚为底物,该酶的最适pH为4.4,在pH 4.0-4.8内有较高的稳定性;最适温度为12.5℃,在30℃以上失活;70℃热处理90 s可以钝化PPO的活性;抗坏血酸（Vc）,L-Cys对PPO有抑制作用,SDS对PPO有激活作用.     

多孔菌（Polyporus）多酚氧化酶的性质研究

研究了多孔菌（PoLyporus）多酚氧化酶的产酶曲线及酶作用最适条件;结果表明在该培养条件下,多孔菌第12天达产酶高峰,峰值酶活为529μ/ml,酶作用的最适PH值为6.0,最酶解温度为30℃,Mg^2 对漆酶有激活作用,而Ag^ 、Cl^-则能明显无抑止漆酶活性。     

超声处理钝化鲜切苹果多酚氧化酶动力学研究

研究了超声处理对鲜切苹果多酚氧化酶的钝化效果,并采用一级动力学分析了超声功率(240 ～600W)、温度(30 ～50℃)对鲜切苹果多酚氧化酶的钝化动力学影响.结果表明,鲜切苹果多酚氧化酶的最适温度是30℃,随着热处理时间的延长酶活逐渐下降.超声功率、时间、温度都能显著影响钝化多酚氧化酶的效果,随着超声功率的增加、时间的延长以及温度的升高,超声处理对鲜切苹果多酚氧化酶的钝化效应越大.苹果多酚氧化酶的钝化符合一级反应动力学模型,随着功率和温度的升高,k值上升,D值下降.超声处理降低了多酚氧化酶的热敏感性.     

白腐菌多酚氧化酶研究

研究了彩绒革盖菌、多孔菌和毛栓菌多酚氧化酶的产酶曲线，及酶作用的最适pH值、最适酶解温度对酶活的影响．结果表明，来自不同白腐菌的多酚氧化酶其产酶曲线不同，酶的特性也有差别．     

中华管鞭虾多酚氧化酶生化特性研究

对中华管鞭虾中多酚氧化酶(PPO)的活性及其影响因素进行研究,讨论了最适反应温度、pH、特异性底物及其酶动力学性质,激活剂对酚氧化酶的激活作用,抑制剂对酚氧化酶的抑制作用。结果表明:中华管鞭虾酚氧化酶的最适反应温度为45℃,最适反应pH为8.0;十二烷基硫酸钠(SDS)对PPO的激活作用最大,其次为胰凝乳酶和β-葡聚糖,激活率分别为71.9%、62.4%和33.4%;4-己基间苯二酚对PPO抑制作用最强。     

Coriolus versicolor木素降解酶研究

研究了彩绒革盖菌在液体培养条件下的漆酶、多酚氧化酶、愈创木酚氧化酶和锰过氧化物酶的部分特性;结果表明,不同酶类的产酶曲线,酶作用的最适pH值、最适作用温度,金属离子对酶活的影响各不相同.     

Characterization of Ordovician carbonate reservoirs, southeastern Saskatchewan, Canada

The discovery of the prolific Ordovician Red River reservoirs in 1995 in southeastern Saskatchewan was the catalyst for extensive exploration activity which resulted in the discovery of more than 15 new Red River pools. The best yields of Red River production to date have been from dolomite reservoirs. Understanding the processes of dolomitization is, therefore, crucial for the prediction of the connectivity, spatial distribution and heterogeneity of dolomite reservoirs.The Red River reservoirs in the Midale area consist of 3～4 thin dolomitized zones, with a total thickness of about 20 m, which occur at the top of the Yeoman Formation. Two types of replacement dolomite were recognized in the Red River reservoir: dolomitized burrow infills and dolomitized host matrix. The spatial distribution of dolomite suggests that burrowing organisms played an important role in facilitating the fluid flow in the backfilled sediments. This resulted in penecontemporaneous dolomitization of burrow infills by normal seawater. The dolomite in the host matrix is interpreted as having occurred at shallow burial by evaporitic seawater during precipitation of Lake Almar anhydrite that immediately overlies the Yeoman Formation. However, the low δ18O values of dolomited burrow infills (-5.9‰～ -7.8‰, PDB) and matrix dolomites (-6.6‰～ -8.1‰, avg. -7.4‰ PDB) compared to the estimated values for the late Ordovician marine dolomite could be attributed to modification and alteration of dolomite at higher temperatures during deeper burial, which could also be responsible for its 87Sr/86Sr ratios (0.7084～0.7088) that are higher than suggested for the late Ordovician seawaters (0.7078～0.7080). The trace amounts of saddle dolomite cement in the Red River carbonates are probably related to "cannibalization" of earlier replacement dolomite during the chemical compaction.     

An Index mechanism for multi-scale view in spatial databases

There are numerous geometric objects stored in the spatial databases. An importance function in a spatial database is that users can browse the geometric objects as a map efficiently. Thus the spatial database should display the geometric objects users concern about swiftly onto the display window. This process includes two operations:retrieve data from database and then draw them onto screen. Accordingly, to improve the efficiency, we should try to reduce time of both retrieving object and displaying them. The former can be achieved with the aid of spatial index such as R-tree, the latter require to simplify the objects. Simplification means that objects are shown with sufficient but not with unnecessary detail which depend on the scale of browse. So the major problem is how to retrieve data at different detail level efficiently. This paper introduces the implementation of a multi-scale index in the spatial database SISP (Spatial Information Shared Platform) which is generalized from R-tree. The difference between the generalization and the R-tree lies on two facets: One is that every node and geometric object in the generalization is assigned with a importance value which denote the importance of them, and every vertex in the objects are assigned with a importance value,too. The importance value can be use to decide which data should be retrieve from disk in a query. The other difference is that geometric objects in the generalization are divided into one or more sub-blocks, and vertexes are total ordered by their importance value. With the help of the generalized R-tree, one can easily retrieve data at different detail levels.Some experiments are performed on real-life data to evaluate the performance of solutions that separately use normal spatial index and multi-scale spatial index. The results show that the solution using multi-scale index in SISP is satisfying.     

A computer generator for randomly layered structures

AcomputergeneratorforrandomlylayeredstructuresYUJia shun1,2,HEZhen hua2(1.TheInstituteofGeologicalandNuclearSciences,NewZealand;2.StateKeyLaboratoryofOilandGasReservoirGeologyandExploitation,ChengduUniversityofTechnology,China)Abstract:Analgorithmisintrod…     

海南岛地体及其毗邻陆缘晚中生代—新生代古地磁研究和构造演化

本文叙述了对海南岛及其毗邻大陆边缘白垩纪到第四纪地层岩石进行古地磁研究的全部工作过程。通过分析岩石中剩余磁矢量的磁偏角及磁倾角的变化,提出海南岛白垩纪以来经历的构造演化模式如下:早期伴随顺时针旋转而向南迁移,后期伴随逆时针转动并向北运移。联系该地区及邻区的地质、地球物理资料,对海南岛上述的构造地体运动提出以下认识:北部湾内早期有一拉张作用,主要是该作用使湾内地壳显著伸长减薄,形成北部湾盆地。从而导致了海南岛的早期构造运动,而海南岛后期的构造运动则主要是受南海海底扩张的影响。海南地体运动规律的阐明对于了解北部湾油气盆地的形成演化有重要的理论和实际意义。     

Exciton Seebeck in Molecular Systems

Various applications relevant to the exciton dynamics,such as the organic solar cell,the large-area organic light-emitting diodes and the thermoelectricity,are operating under temperature gradient.The potential abnormal behavior of the exicton dynamics driven by the temperature difference may affect the efficiency and performance of the corresponding devices.In the above situations,the exciton dynamics under temperature difference is mixed with     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

The elongation method,originally proposed by Imamura was further developed for many years in our group.As a method towards O(N)with high efficiency and high accuracy for any dimensional systems.This treatment designed for one-dimensional(ID)polymers is now available for three-dimensional(3D)systems,but geometry optimization is now possible only for 1D-systems.As an approach toward post-Hartree-Fock,it was also extended to     

《Chinese Science Bulletin》SUBJECT INDEX TO VOLUME 59(2014)

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An on-line scaling method for improving scalability of a database cluster

The explosive growth of the Internet and database applications has driven database to be more scalable and available, and able to support on-line scaling without interrupting service. To support more client's queries without downtime and degrading the response time, more nodes have to be scaled up while the database is running. This paper presents the overview of scalable and available database that satisfies the above characteristics. And we propose a novel on-line scaling method. Our method improves the existing on-line scaling method for fast response time and higher throughputs. Our proposed method reduces unnecessary network use, i.e. , we decrease the number of data copy by reusing the backup data. Also, our on-line scaling operation can be processed parallel by selecting adequate nodes as new node. Our performance study shows that our method results in significant reduction in data copy time.     

An improved R-tree based on childnode''s probability

R-Tree is a good structure for spatial searching. But in this indexing structure,either the sequence of nodes in the same level or sequence of traveling these nodes when queries are made is random. Since the possibility that the object appears in different MBR which have the same parents node is different, if we make the subnode who has the most possibility be traveled first, the time cost will be decreased in most of the cases. In some case, the possibility of a point belong to a rectangle will shows direct proportion with the size of the rectangle. But this conclusion is based on an assumption that the objects are symmetrically distributing in the area and this assumption is not always coming into existence. Now we found a more direct parameter to scale the possibility and made a little change on the structure of R-tree, to increase the possibility of founding the satisfying answer in the front sub trees. We names this structure probability based arranged R-tree (PBAR-tree).     

Integrating GIS Web services based on mediating architecture

The geographic information service is enabled by the advancements in general Web service technology and the focused efforts of the OGC in defining XML-based Web GIS service. Based on these models, this paper addresses the issue of services chaining,the process of combining or pipelining results from several interoperable GIS Web Services to create a customized solution. This paper presents a mediated chaining architecture in which a specific service takes responsibility for performing the process that describes a service chain. We designed the Spatial Information Process Language (SIPL) for dynamic modeling and describing the service chain, also a prototype of the Spatial Information Process Execution Engine (SIPEE) is implemented for executing processes written in SIPL. Discussion of measures to improve the functionality and performance of such system will be included.