汽油脱臭过程中过氧化物的生成及其对脱臭催化剂活性的影响

在汽油脱臭过程中，油品中的过氧化物能导致催化剂磺化酞菁钴的活性逐渐降低，其作用机制是过氧化物氧化催化剂中的二价钴生成了催化活性较小的三价钴，使催化活性逐渐减弱。     

硫的掺杂对Co-N-C催化剂转移氢化性能的影响

在M-N-C型催化剂中引入非金属元素对其进行改性，是一种卓有成效的催化剂优化方法．针对Co-N-C催化剂在硝基苯转移氢化反应中催化活性的不足，以多孔有机聚合物作为有机前驱体，引入不同的硫源，通过高温热解法设计合成了两种硫掺杂修饰的Co-N-C催化剂，并将其应用于硝基苯的转移氢化反应中，研究硫的引入方式对催化剂构效关系的影响．通过SEM、PXRD、TEM、元素含量、氮气吸脱附分析和XPS等系列表征方法对催化剂进行表征．结果表明，所有Co-N-C催化剂在热解过程中均形成石墨碳层和多壁碳纳米管，钴纳米颗粒形成了相同的物相和碳层包覆结构．硫的掺杂影响了催化剂的形貌和钴纳米颗粒的粒径．硫元素与氮元素之间具有协同掺杂的作用，硫的掺杂影响了氮的掺杂形态，提高了吡啶氮的含量．钴硫相互作用仅存在于由分子硫源制备得到的催化剂Co-NPC-S中．催化转移氢化反应结果表明，硫改性催化剂Co-NPC-S和Co-NSPC的催化活性远高于未改性的CoNPC，这是因为硫元素的掺杂促进了氮元素的掺杂，强化了碳层与钴纳米颗粒之间的电子转移作用．另外，由骨架硫源制备得到的催化剂Co-NSPC具有最高的催化活性，这可能是由于...     

低压铁钴氨合成催化剂研究

探索了不同钴含量对熔体氨合成催化剂性能影响的规律，从而找出合适的催化剂配方．Fe- Co氨合成催化剂在较低温度、压力下，有较高的催化活性，而且具有良好的抗毒性和耐热性。     

苯乙烯在以CeO2为助催化剂的酞菁钴-分子筛催化下环氧化的研究

以KX分子筛内原位合成的含CeO2助剂的酞菁钴为催化剂，考察了苯乙烯与过氧化氢的环氧化反应．研究表明该催化剂对苯乙烯的环氧化有一定的催化活性．对该条件下的环氧化反应机理进行了初步探讨．     

双核酞菁钴磺酸铵用于催化裂化汽油的脱臭

采用尿素法合成了双核酞菁钴磺酸铵;通过正交实验及单因素实验,考察了双核酞菁钴磺酸铵在液-液催化氧化法中对催化裂化汽油脱臭的最佳工艺条件碱液质量分数为10%,催化剂加入量为1.0 g·L-1,反应温度为40℃,反应时间为3min;与磺化酞菁钴和美国进口脱臭催化剂ARI 100-EXL的脱硫醇效果进行了比较,结果表明双核酞菁钴磺酸铵对汽油的脱臭效果明显优越于磺化酞菁钴催化剂,与进口催化剂的脱臭效果基本相当.     

西佛碱钴络合物对亚甲基的催化氧化研究

以西佛碱（Ｓｃｈｉｆｆｂａｓｅ）钴为催化剂与分子氧形成活化络合物，将亚甲基氧化羰基，考察了不同西佛碱结构氧化反应中的催化活性差异，并以Ｎ，Ｎ′－丙撑二（水杨叉亚胺）钴为催化剂，研究了由４，４′－双（二乙氨基）二苯甲烷制备４，４′－双（二乙氨基）二苯甲酮的氧化反应中，催化剂浓度，空气流速，反应温度，反应时间及溶剂等因素的影响，得到最佳反应条件。     

季铵碱化酞菁钴的合成及其脱硫醇动力学

首次合成了一种在同一分子内兼有氧化催化中心和碱中心的新型轻质油品脱硫醇催化剂季锭碱化酞菁钴。动力学实验结果表明，其分子内的氧化催化中心与碱中心在催化硫醇氧化反应中具有协同作用，并表现出比磺化酞菁钴好的催化活性。     

季铵碱化酞菁钴的合成及其脱硫醇动力学

首次合成了一种在同一分子内兼有氧化催化中心和碱中心的新型轻质油品脱硫醇催化剂季铵碱化钛菁钴，动力学实验结果表明，其分子内的氧化催化中心在催化硫醇氧化反应中具有协同作用，并表现出比磺化酞菁钴好的催化活性。     

制备条件对卟啉钴氧还原催化性能的影响

采用合成后未经提纯的粗卟啉、Co(OH)2和碳粉制备卟啉钴用于质子交换膜燃料电池阴极氧还原反应电催化剂．研究了试样组成和热处理温度等制备条件对催化性能的影响．采用薄层电板结合循环伏安法和单体燃料电池I-V特性评价了所制备的电催化剂对氧还原反应的催化活性．     

改性杂多酸催化剂的制备及其在甲缩醛合成中的催化活性

以A12O3、SiO2、TiO2、ZrO2、ZrO2-SiO2为载体制备了负载型磷钨杂多酸催化剂及CsxH3-xPWl2O40(X=1，l.5，2，2．5，3)磷钨杂多酸铯盐催化剂．考察了这些催化剂在甲酵与甲缩缩合制甲缩醛反应中的催化活性，结果表明：以SiO2、ZrO2、ZrO2-SiO2为载体制备的固载化杂多酸催化剂具有良好的催化活性，而A12O3、TiO2负载的杂多酸催化剂活性很差．杂多酸铯盐Cs2H3-xPWl2O40的催化活性则随Cs^ 离子含量的增加而升高，Cs2.5H0.5PW12O40给出最高的甲缩醛产率；但当H^ 离子完全被Cs^ 离子取代后，催化活性显著下降．     

无碱脱臭工艺中活化剂的作用原理

用实验方法研究了活性剂在无碱脱臭过程中的作用原理。实验表明,无碱脱臭工艺中活化剂有两种作用:(1)碱催化的作用,即活化剂的存在加速硫醇的氧化。在硫醇氧化的过程中,活化剂本身不断消耗和再生。(2)表面活性剂作用,在反应过程中一方面可以增加硫醇在活化剂相中的溶解度,又可以作为清洁剂,洗涤活性炭表面上吸附的毒性,使催化剂床层维持高活性、长寿命。     

国内外轻质油品脱臭催化剂研究进展

从新型催化剂、新型催化剂载体以及新的催化剂固载化方法三个方面综合论述了国内外轻质油品脱臭催化剂研究的进展情况。     

Characterization of Ordovician carbonate reservoirs, southeastern Saskatchewan, Canada

The discovery of the prolific Ordovician Red River reservoirs in 1995 in southeastern Saskatchewan was the catalyst for extensive exploration activity which resulted in the discovery of more than 15 new Red River pools. The best yields of Red River production to date have been from dolomite reservoirs. Understanding the processes of dolomitization is, therefore, crucial for the prediction of the connectivity, spatial distribution and heterogeneity of dolomite reservoirs.The Red River reservoirs in the Midale area consist of 3～4 thin dolomitized zones, with a total thickness of about 20 m, which occur at the top of the Yeoman Formation. Two types of replacement dolomite were recognized in the Red River reservoir: dolomitized burrow infills and dolomitized host matrix. The spatial distribution of dolomite suggests that burrowing organisms played an important role in facilitating the fluid flow in the backfilled sediments. This resulted in penecontemporaneous dolomitization of burrow infills by normal seawater. The dolomite in the host matrix is interpreted as having occurred at shallow burial by evaporitic seawater during precipitation of Lake Almar anhydrite that immediately overlies the Yeoman Formation. However, the low δ18O values of dolomited burrow infills (-5.9‰～ -7.8‰, PDB) and matrix dolomites (-6.6‰～ -8.1‰, avg. -7.4‰ PDB) compared to the estimated values for the late Ordovician marine dolomite could be attributed to modification and alteration of dolomite at higher temperatures during deeper burial, which could also be responsible for its 87Sr/86Sr ratios (0.7084～0.7088) that are higher than suggested for the late Ordovician seawaters (0.7078～0.7080). The trace amounts of saddle dolomite cement in the Red River carbonates are probably related to "cannibalization" of earlier replacement dolomite during the chemical compaction.     

A computer generator for randomly layered structures

AcomputergeneratorforrandomlylayeredstructuresYUJia shun1,2,HEZhen hua2(1.TheInstituteofGeologicalandNuclearSciences,NewZealand;2.StateKeyLaboratoryofOilandGasReservoirGeologyandExploitation,ChengduUniversityofTechnology,China)Abstract:Analgorithmisintrod…     

海南岛地体及其毗邻陆缘晚中生代—新生代古地磁研究和构造演化

本文叙述了对海南岛及其毗邻大陆边缘白垩纪到第四纪地层岩石进行古地磁研究的全部工作过程。通过分析岩石中剩余磁矢量的磁偏角及磁倾角的变化,提出海南岛白垩纪以来经历的构造演化模式如下:早期伴随顺时针旋转而向南迁移,后期伴随逆时针转动并向北运移。联系该地区及邻区的地质、地球物理资料,对海南岛上述的构造地体运动提出以下认识:北部湾内早期有一拉张作用,主要是该作用使湾内地壳显著伸长减薄,形成北部湾盆地。从而导致了海南岛的早期构造运动,而海南岛后期的构造运动则主要是受南海海底扩张的影响。海南地体运动规律的阐明对于了解北部湾油气盆地的形成演化有重要的理论和实际意义。     

Exciton Seebeck in Molecular Systems

Various applications relevant to the exciton dynamics,such as the organic solar cell,the large-area organic light-emitting diodes and the thermoelectricity,are operating under temperature gradient.The potential abnormal behavior of the exicton dynamics driven by the temperature difference may affect the efficiency and performance of the corresponding devices.In the above situations,the exciton dynamics under temperature difference is mixed with     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

The elongation method,originally proposed by Imamura was further developed for many years in our group.As a method towards O(N)with high efficiency and high accuracy for any dimensional systems.This treatment designed for one-dimensional(ID)polymers is now available for three-dimensional(3D)systems,but geometry optimization is now possible only for 1D-systems.As an approach toward post-Hartree-Fock,it was also extended to     

《Chinese Science Bulletin》SUBJECT INDEX TO VOLUME 59(2014)

正~~     

An on-line scaling method for improving scalability of a database cluster

The explosive growth of the Internet and database applications has driven database to be more scalable and available, and able to support on-line scaling without interrupting service. To support more client's queries without downtime and degrading the response time, more nodes have to be scaled up while the database is running. This paper presents the overview of scalable and available database that satisfies the above characteristics. And we propose a novel on-line scaling method. Our method improves the existing on-line scaling method for fast response time and higher throughputs. Our proposed method reduces unnecessary network use, i.e. , we decrease the number of data copy by reusing the backup data. Also, our on-line scaling operation can be processed parallel by selecting adequate nodes as new node. Our performance study shows that our method results in significant reduction in data copy time.