黄原酯棉吸附金属离子性能及其应用的研究

本文系统研究了黄原酯棉对金属离子的吸咐性能，探讨了黄原酯棉对金属离子的吸附机理。通过吸附、洗脱、干扰离子试验，建立了黄原酯棉吸附富集原子吸收法测定痕量铜、铅、镉的新方法，用于天然水、自来水、饮料及盐类中痕量铜、铅、镉的测定。     

黄原酯棉对铅（Ⅱ）和铜（Ⅱ）吸附特性的研究

医用脱脂棉经氢氧化钠浸泡制成碱纤维，再用二硫化碳黄原酯化后，经水洗、干燥而制成黄原酯棉。研究了自制的黄原酯棉对铅（Ⅱ）和铜（Ⅱ）的动态吸附特性，其吸附回收效果用火焰原子吸收分光光反法进行测定检验。结果表明：在ｐＨ＝１～５的范围内，浓度为２０～５００μｇ／Ｌ的铅（Ⅱ）和铜（Ⅱ）能被定量吸附回收，回收率在９７％～１０３％之间，定量富集倍数在１００倍以上；所制黄原酯棉对铅（Ⅱ）和铜（Ⅱ）的饱和吸附量均在１ｍｇ／ｇ（ＣＣＸ）左右为宜，这既能满足一般要求，也使制品有一定强度；在用盐酸调节试液酸度和作为洗脱液时，回收率低，而用硝酸代替之时，可达到定量回收，所选洗脱液是１ｍＬ５０％（Ｖ／Ｖ）的硝酸溶液。     

超声辅助分离富集-催化极谱法测定中草药中痕量镉

针对中草药中重金属镉含量较低,不易直接测定的问题,本文提出了以巯基棉在超声辅助条件下分离富集,催化极谱法测定中草药中痕量镉的新方法。研究发现,在超声辅助下巯基棉对草药中痕量镉具有良好的吸附作用,被吸附的镉可用醋酸和磷酸分步定量洗脱,基于此建立了超声辅助巯基棉分离富集中草药中痕量镉的方法。在最佳条件下,巯基棉对镉的富集因子为8,方法检出限为0.52 ng/m L,加标回收率为97.1%~102%,将该方法用于麦冬和鱼腥草中痕量镉的测定,结果满意。     

马铃薯淀粉黄原酸酯基高吸水树脂对Pb~(2+)吸附机理的研究

以马铃薯淀粉黄原酸酯为原料制备高吸水树脂,并对其吸附Pb2+的动力学和吸附热力学行为进行了研究.结果表明:马铃薯淀粉黄原酸酯基高吸水树脂在初始浓度100mg/L溶液中对Pb2+的吸附在200min后基本达到吸附平衡,吸附容量高达80.65mg/g.该高吸水树脂对Pb2+的静态吸附过程符合准二级动力学方程和Langmuir等温吸附方程,且吸附是一种自发过程.     

纤维素黄原酸酯对水中Ni~(2+)离子的吸附研究

采用脱脂棉与二硫化碳反应制备纤维素黄原酸酯,并对含镍离子的废水进行吸附研究,考察了吸附温度、吸附时间、溶液pH值以及吸附剂用量等因素对吸附率及吸附量的影响.结果表明,当吸附温度为50℃、吸附时间为2h、溶液pH值为8.0、吸附剂用量为2.0g时,纤维素黄原酸酯对镍离子吸附量可达26.11mg/g,吸附率97.18%.纤维素黄原酸酯对镍离子的吸附效果较好而且纤维素黄原酸酯的制备工艺简单,是一种高效、价廉的水处理剂.     

巯基棉富集—氢化物原子荧光法测定尿液中硒

巯基棉对硒(Ⅲ)有较强的吸附能力,本文通过对吸附条件的试验,提出在5.0mol.L~(-1)盐酸介质中,用巯基棉富集尿液中硒,试液流速为2.0ml/min,以Hcl和HNO_3为100∶4的混合液作为洗脱液,采用氢化物原子荧光法测定富集液中硒含量。实验结果表明,此方法的检出限可达0.01μg.L~(-1)、RSD为4.3～3.1％,尿样加标回收率为92.5～104.0％。     

黄原酯棉富集分离火焰原子吸收法测定煤中痕量铅

研究了黄原酯棉富集分离火焰原子吸收光谱法测定煤中痕量铅的方法。试验结果表明：该方法较简便、快速和准确,相对标准偏差小于８．２％,回收率在９０％～１０８％之间     

β—砜基黄原酸酯制备中的介质效应及其非对映异构体的确证

制备β－砜基黄原酸酯过程中应用ＨＭＰＡ可增强β－砜基醇锂的亲核性，使醇锂定量地转化为黄原酸酯．通过测定中间体β－砜基醇结构确证了β－砜基黄原酸酯非对映异构体的结构．     

褪色光度法测定痕量铬（Ⅲ）

在稀盐酸介质中,痕量铬(Ⅲ)能够催化溴酸钾氧化靛蓝胭脂红的反应,由此建立了催化动力学光度法测定痕量铬(Ⅲ)的方法.通过实验确定了反应的最佳条件.方法线性范围为0.04～0.8mg/L,检出限为4.32×10-9g/mL.将该方法用于废水、污水中痕量铬(Ⅲ)的测定,获得了较满意的结果.     

聚乙烯吡啶化学修饰电极预富集-GFAAS测定废水中痕量Cr(VI)和Cr(Ⅲ)的研究

本文研究了用聚乙烯吡啶化学修饰电极预富集——石墨炉原子吸收法测定废水中痕量Cr(Ⅵ)和Cr(Ⅲ)的方法.废水中的痕量Cr(Ⅵ)被富集到经聚乙烯吡啶修饰的钨丝电极上,然后放入石墨杯中进行原子吸收测定“Cr(Ⅲ)在碱性条件下经H_2O_2氧化为Cr(Ⅵ),同法测定在pH为4的HCl介质中,测定的线性范围为1～25ng/m1,对含Cr(Ⅵ)10ng/ml的溶液十次平行测定,相对标准偏差为5.4%,检出限0.4ng/ml,二十多种共存离子不干扰测定.样品测定回收率在94～104%之间.     

Characterization of Ordovician carbonate reservoirs, southeastern Saskatchewan, Canada

The discovery of the prolific Ordovician Red River reservoirs in 1995 in southeastern Saskatchewan was the catalyst for extensive exploration activity which resulted in the discovery of more than 15 new Red River pools. The best yields of Red River production to date have been from dolomite reservoirs. Understanding the processes of dolomitization is, therefore, crucial for the prediction of the connectivity, spatial distribution and heterogeneity of dolomite reservoirs.The Red River reservoirs in the Midale area consist of 3～4 thin dolomitized zones, with a total thickness of about 20 m, which occur at the top of the Yeoman Formation. Two types of replacement dolomite were recognized in the Red River reservoir: dolomitized burrow infills and dolomitized host matrix. The spatial distribution of dolomite suggests that burrowing organisms played an important role in facilitating the fluid flow in the backfilled sediments. This resulted in penecontemporaneous dolomitization of burrow infills by normal seawater. The dolomite in the host matrix is interpreted as having occurred at shallow burial by evaporitic seawater during precipitation of Lake Almar anhydrite that immediately overlies the Yeoman Formation. However, the low δ18O values of dolomited burrow infills (-5.9‰～ -7.8‰, PDB) and matrix dolomites (-6.6‰～ -8.1‰, avg. -7.4‰ PDB) compared to the estimated values for the late Ordovician marine dolomite could be attributed to modification and alteration of dolomite at higher temperatures during deeper burial, which could also be responsible for its 87Sr/86Sr ratios (0.7084～0.7088) that are higher than suggested for the late Ordovician seawaters (0.7078～0.7080). The trace amounts of saddle dolomite cement in the Red River carbonates are probably related to "cannibalization" of earlier replacement dolomite during the chemical compaction.     

A computer generator for randomly layered structures

AcomputergeneratorforrandomlylayeredstructuresYUJia shun1,2,HEZhen hua2(1.TheInstituteofGeologicalandNuclearSciences,NewZealand;2.StateKeyLaboratoryofOilandGasReservoirGeologyandExploitation,ChengduUniversityofTechnology,China)Abstract:Analgorithmisintrod…     

海南岛地体及其毗邻陆缘晚中生代—新生代古地磁研究和构造演化

本文叙述了对海南岛及其毗邻大陆边缘白垩纪到第四纪地层岩石进行古地磁研究的全部工作过程。通过分析岩石中剩余磁矢量的磁偏角及磁倾角的变化,提出海南岛白垩纪以来经历的构造演化模式如下:早期伴随顺时针旋转而向南迁移,后期伴随逆时针转动并向北运移。联系该地区及邻区的地质、地球物理资料,对海南岛上述的构造地体运动提出以下认识:北部湾内早期有一拉张作用,主要是该作用使湾内地壳显著伸长减薄,形成北部湾盆地。从而导致了海南岛的早期构造运动,而海南岛后期的构造运动则主要是受南海海底扩张的影响。海南地体运动规律的阐明对于了解北部湾油气盆地的形成演化有重要的理论和实际意义。     

Exciton Seebeck in Molecular Systems

Various applications relevant to the exciton dynamics,such as the organic solar cell,the large-area organic light-emitting diodes and the thermoelectricity,are operating under temperature gradient.The potential abnormal behavior of the exicton dynamics driven by the temperature difference may affect the efficiency and performance of the corresponding devices.In the above situations,the exciton dynamics under temperature difference is mixed with     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

The elongation method,originally proposed by Imamura was further developed for many years in our group.As a method towards O(N)with high efficiency and high accuracy for any dimensional systems.This treatment designed for one-dimensional(ID)polymers is now available for three-dimensional(3D)systems,but geometry optimization is now possible only for 1D-systems.As an approach toward post-Hartree-Fock,it was also extended to     

《Chinese Science Bulletin》SUBJECT INDEX TO VOLUME 59(2014)

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An on-line scaling method for improving scalability of a database cluster

The explosive growth of the Internet and database applications has driven database to be more scalable and available, and able to support on-line scaling without interrupting service. To support more client's queries without downtime and degrading the response time, more nodes have to be scaled up while the database is running. This paper presents the overview of scalable and available database that satisfies the above characteristics. And we propose a novel on-line scaling method. Our method improves the existing on-line scaling method for fast response time and higher throughputs. Our proposed method reduces unnecessary network use, i.e. , we decrease the number of data copy by reusing the backup data. Also, our on-line scaling operation can be processed parallel by selecting adequate nodes as new node. Our performance study shows that our method results in significant reduction in data copy time.     

An improved R-tree based on childnode''s probability

R-Tree is a good structure for spatial searching. But in this indexing structure,either the sequence of nodes in the same level or sequence of traveling these nodes when queries are made is random. Since the possibility that the object appears in different MBR which have the same parents node is different, if we make the subnode who has the most possibility be traveled first, the time cost will be decreased in most of the cases. In some case, the possibility of a point belong to a rectangle will shows direct proportion with the size of the rectangle. But this conclusion is based on an assumption that the objects are symmetrically distributing in the area and this assumption is not always coming into existence. Now we found a more direct parameter to scale the possibility and made a little change on the structure of R-tree, to increase the possibility of founding the satisfying answer in the front sub trees. We names this structure probability based arranged R-tree (PBAR-tree).     

Integrating GIS Web services based on mediating architecture

The geographic information service is enabled by the advancements in general Web service technology and the focused efforts of the OGC in defining XML-based Web GIS service. Based on these models, this paper addresses the issue of services chaining,the process of combining or pipelining results from several interoperable GIS Web Services to create a customized solution. This paper presents a mediated chaining architecture in which a specific service takes responsibility for performing the process that describes a service chain. We designed the Spatial Information Process Language (SIPL) for dynamic modeling and describing the service chain, also a prototype of the Spatial Information Process Execution Engine (SIPEE) is implemented for executing processes written in SIPL. Discussion of measures to improve the functionality and performance of such system will be included.     

Tracking data management using topology of moving object database system for moving object constrained trajectory in LBS application

Advances in wireless technologies and positioning technologies and spread of wireless devices, an interest in LBS (Location Based Service) is arising. To provide location based service, tracking data should have been stored in moving object database management system (called MODBMS) with proper policies and managed efficiently. So the methods which acquire the location information at regular time intervals then, store and manage have been studied. In this paper, we suggest tracking data management techniques using topology that is corresponding to the moving path of moving object. In our techniques, we update the MODBMS when moving object arrived at a street intersection or a curved road which is represented as the node in topology and predict the location at past and future with attribute of topology and linear function. In this technique, location data that are corresponding to the node in topology are stored, thus reduce the number of update and amount of data. Also in case predicting the location,because topology are used as well as existing location information, accuracy for prediction is increased than applying linear function or spline function.