支持向量机在表面肌电信号模式分类中的应用

采用小波变换的方法对实验采集的原始四通道表面肌电信号(sEMG)进行了分析,并提取小波分解系数的奇异值构建特征矢量,利用“一对一”分类策略和二叉树设计的多类支持向量机(SVM)分类器,很好地实现了对前臂8种运动表面肌电信号的模式分类,8种运动模式的平均识别率为98.75%.研究表明SVM分类准确率明显优于传统的BP神经网络、Elman神经网络和RBF神经网络分类器,且识别精度高,鲁棒性好,对肌电信号及其他非平稳生理电信号的模式识别,提供了一种具有良好应用前景的新方法.     

基于多路卷积神经网络的手势识别方法

为提高利用表面肌电信号(sEMG:Surface Electromyography)进行手势识别的准确率并解决其受不同提取特征影响的问题,提出了一种基于多路卷积神经网络(MB-CNN:Multi-Branch Convolutional Neural Networks)的手势识别方法.首先,使用MYO手环采集8种不同手势的sEMG信号;然后,利用滑动窗口法对sEMG信号进行活动段提取,生成大小为64×8的原始训练样本;其次,作为对比实验,提取7种不同的时域和频域特征,利用机器学习算法进行手势识别.最后,在避免常规特征提取的情况下,构建了一种多路卷积神经网络模型用于手势识别,测试集上准确率达97.89％.实验表明,针对手势识别问题,该方法高效可行.     

人体腿部表面肌电信号特征提取方法

表面肌电信号(sEMG,surface electromyography)作为人体运动检测的主要信息源之一,已被广泛应用于康复训练福祉机器人领域。针对人体下肢动作识别的问题,提出了一种针对表面肌电信号进行小波变换的特征提取方法。在肌电信号的频域分布中,该方法选取小波子空间中活动段的平均功率组成特征向量。为验证所提出方法的有效性,设计实现了一种微型便携式多通道sEMG信号采集系统,并利用支持向量机(SVM,support vector machine)构建分类器对腿部动作进行识别。实验结果表明:该方法能有效识别腿部常见的4种动作,同一个体动作识别率能达到95%以上,不同个体识别率平均能达到85%,能够较好地应用于下肢运动障碍患者的日常康复训练。     

基于相空间重构的光纤周界信号识别算法研究

文章将相空间重构和复小波包变换引入入侵信号类型的识别,对原始信号进行相空间重构,以便更深地反映光纤入侵振动数据混沌特性的内在动力性属性。以相空间重构嵌入维数作为复小波包变换数据输入长度,避免输入信号长度的随意性。采用复小波包提取重构信号的能量分布特征构成入侵信号识别的特征集,以主成分分析对原始特征集降维,通过网格参数寻优算法得到支持向量机(support vector machine,SVM)回归模型的最优参数,以最优参数进行SVM入侵类型识别。实验结果表明,该方法能正确监测入侵事件且误报率与漏报率低。     

WiGNet:一种适用于无线感知场景的手势识别模型

针对现有Wi-Fi感知技术的手势识别研究中存在因感知特征辨识度较低及难以提取而导致识别准确率不高的问题,在对感知数据进行多维重构并施以二维离散小波变换的基础上,提出了一种基于卷积神经网络的高精度手势识别模型WiGNet。首先,在对信道状态信息影响因子分析的基础上,提取振幅数据作为手势识别的基础数据;其次,将感知数据重构为多维矩阵形式,以充分提取手势动作的时空特征;然后,对重构数据在时间和空间维度上进行二维离散小波变换,以实现感知数据的降噪和平滑;最后,使用神经架构搜索技术优化网络深度以及卷积核个数的合理化配置,并提出较好适配重构数据的手势识别模型WiGNet。实验结果表明：对感知数据进行二维离散小波变换后,特征辨识度和模型整体运算速度均有显著提升;WiGNet在自建数据集上和公共数据集上的平均识别准确率分别达到98.1%和96.0%,均优于同类模型。此外,WiGNet在实现高精度手势识别的同时,还能保持较快运算速度,并兼具一定的鲁棒性。     

基于张量线性拉普拉斯判别的肌电特征提取方法

为了有效分析表面肌电(sEMG)信号蕴含的时-频-空域多维特征,提出了一种基于张量线性拉普拉斯判别(TLLD)的sEMG特征提取方法.首先对sEMG信号做复Morlet小波变换,构造具有时间、空间、频率、任务的四阶张量数据;然后运用TLLD分析方法获得投影矩阵,把训练集和测试集分别投影在投影矩阵中获得具有较大区分度的特征;最后使用分类器对腕屈、腕伸、上臂内旋、上臂外旋、握拳、伸拳6种动作模式进行识别.实验结果表明,所提方法平均分类准确率达到了98%以上,识别性能优于均方根、自回归系数、张量高阶判别分析3种特征提取方法.     

基于小波包变换的下肢肌电假肢控制信息源的研究

肌电信号作为下肢假肢的控制信息源必须经过信号处理与特征提取.小波变换能将各种交织在一起的由不同频率组成的混合信号分解成不同频段的信号,检测出许多其他分析方法忽略的信号特性,因此小波变换常被用于表面肌电信号处理.而小波包变换对信号逐渐变宽的频谱可以进一步分割细化,具有良好的局部化品质,比正交小波变换更优越.该文将利用小波包变换方法对站立与行走过程中大腿股四头肌部位的肌电信号进行分析和特征提取,并利用各频段能量构造特征矢量,经过学习矢量量化神经网络训练,能够有效地从股四头肌采集的肌电信号中识别站立及行走的运动模式.     

心室晚电位识别的一种方法

论文采用小波包分析和人工神经网络相结合的方法完成对心室晚电位的识别。首先利用小波包分解技术提取心电信号的特征，将不同频带子信号的能量作为心电信号的一组特征值，然后采用径向基函数网络实现对晚电位的分类。经过对28例3导信号平均心电图实验数据的处理，取得了较高的识别准确率。     

基于肌音信号分析的踝关节动作模式识别

通过测量分析受试者小腿胫骨前肌和腓骨短肌的肌音信号,对踝关节背伸、跖屈、外展、内收等4个动作进行模式识别研究。提出了基于二次包络线的不等长信号分割算法,以及基于非线性小波变换的奇异值特征提取方法,并使用SVM分类器进行模式识别。结果表明:基于不等长分割的算法可以有效截取踝关节肌音信号的动作段信号;在两通道信号采集的情况下,利用非线性小波变换得到的奇异值特征在踝关节四模式识别中总体准确率可以达到87.8%,验证了本文提出的分析方法的有效性。     

基于肘关节表面肌电信号的负载识别

针对大多数肌电信号只进行特定肢体动作识别而没有对肢体进行外加负载识别的问题,提出一种基于表面肌电信号(surface electromyography, s EMG)的负载识别方法。首先,采用4通道表面电极采集肘关节在不同负载下的s EMG信号;然后,利用时域、频域特征提取方法对s EMG信号进行特征提取构成特征向量;最后,利用支持向量机(support vector maching, SVM)、BP神经网络和RBF神经网络对特征向量进行分类识别。结果表明以时域特征值识别,SVM的识别效果最佳,准确率为96.2%;以频域特征值识别,BP神经网络的识别效果最佳,准确率为87.5%;以时、频域组合特征值识别,RBF神经网络的识别效果最佳,准确率为90.4%。可见通过s EMG信号进行负载识别具有一定的可行性,为s EMG信号的广泛应用奠定基础。     

Characterization of Ordovician carbonate reservoirs, southeastern Saskatchewan, Canada

The discovery of the prolific Ordovician Red River reservoirs in 1995 in southeastern Saskatchewan was the catalyst for extensive exploration activity which resulted in the discovery of more than 15 new Red River pools. The best yields of Red River production to date have been from dolomite reservoirs. Understanding the processes of dolomitization is, therefore, crucial for the prediction of the connectivity, spatial distribution and heterogeneity of dolomite reservoirs.The Red River reservoirs in the Midale area consist of 3～4 thin dolomitized zones, with a total thickness of about 20 m, which occur at the top of the Yeoman Formation. Two types of replacement dolomite were recognized in the Red River reservoir: dolomitized burrow infills and dolomitized host matrix. The spatial distribution of dolomite suggests that burrowing organisms played an important role in facilitating the fluid flow in the backfilled sediments. This resulted in penecontemporaneous dolomitization of burrow infills by normal seawater. The dolomite in the host matrix is interpreted as having occurred at shallow burial by evaporitic seawater during precipitation of Lake Almar anhydrite that immediately overlies the Yeoman Formation. However, the low δ18O values of dolomited burrow infills (-5.9‰～ -7.8‰, PDB) and matrix dolomites (-6.6‰～ -8.1‰, avg. -7.4‰ PDB) compared to the estimated values for the late Ordovician marine dolomite could be attributed to modification and alteration of dolomite at higher temperatures during deeper burial, which could also be responsible for its 87Sr/86Sr ratios (0.7084～0.7088) that are higher than suggested for the late Ordovician seawaters (0.7078～0.7080). The trace amounts of saddle dolomite cement in the Red River carbonates are probably related to "cannibalization" of earlier replacement dolomite during the chemical compaction.     

A computer generator for randomly layered structures

AcomputergeneratorforrandomlylayeredstructuresYUJia shun1,2,HEZhen hua2(1.TheInstituteofGeologicalandNuclearSciences,NewZealand;2.StateKeyLaboratoryofOilandGasReservoirGeologyandExploitation,ChengduUniversityofTechnology,China)Abstract:Analgorithmisintrod…     

海南岛地体及其毗邻陆缘晚中生代—新生代古地磁研究和构造演化

本文叙述了对海南岛及其毗邻大陆边缘白垩纪到第四纪地层岩石进行古地磁研究的全部工作过程。通过分析岩石中剩余磁矢量的磁偏角及磁倾角的变化,提出海南岛白垩纪以来经历的构造演化模式如下:早期伴随顺时针旋转而向南迁移,后期伴随逆时针转动并向北运移。联系该地区及邻区的地质、地球物理资料,对海南岛上述的构造地体运动提出以下认识:北部湾内早期有一拉张作用,主要是该作用使湾内地壳显著伸长减薄,形成北部湾盆地。从而导致了海南岛的早期构造运动,而海南岛后期的构造运动则主要是受南海海底扩张的影响。海南地体运动规律的阐明对于了解北部湾油气盆地的形成演化有重要的理论和实际意义。     

Exciton Seebeck in Molecular Systems

Various applications relevant to the exciton dynamics,such as the organic solar cell,the large-area organic light-emitting diodes and the thermoelectricity,are operating under temperature gradient.The potential abnormal behavior of the exicton dynamics driven by the temperature difference may affect the efficiency and performance of the corresponding devices.In the above situations,the exciton dynamics under temperature difference is mixed with     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

The elongation method,originally proposed by Imamura was further developed for many years in our group.As a method towards O(N)with high efficiency and high accuracy for any dimensional systems.This treatment designed for one-dimensional(ID)polymers is now available for three-dimensional(3D)systems,but geometry optimization is now possible only for 1D-systems.As an approach toward post-Hartree-Fock,it was also extended to     

《Chinese Science Bulletin》SUBJECT INDEX TO VOLUME 59(2014)

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An on-line scaling method for improving scalability of a database cluster

The explosive growth of the Internet and database applications has driven database to be more scalable and available, and able to support on-line scaling without interrupting service. To support more client's queries without downtime and degrading the response time, more nodes have to be scaled up while the database is running. This paper presents the overview of scalable and available database that satisfies the above characteristics. And we propose a novel on-line scaling method. Our method improves the existing on-line scaling method for fast response time and higher throughputs. Our proposed method reduces unnecessary network use, i.e. , we decrease the number of data copy by reusing the backup data. Also, our on-line scaling operation can be processed parallel by selecting adequate nodes as new node. Our performance study shows that our method results in significant reduction in data copy time.     

An improved R-tree based on childnode''s probability

R-Tree is a good structure for spatial searching. But in this indexing structure,either the sequence of nodes in the same level or sequence of traveling these nodes when queries are made is random. Since the possibility that the object appears in different MBR which have the same parents node is different, if we make the subnode who has the most possibility be traveled first, the time cost will be decreased in most of the cases. In some case, the possibility of a point belong to a rectangle will shows direct proportion with the size of the rectangle. But this conclusion is based on an assumption that the objects are symmetrically distributing in the area and this assumption is not always coming into existence. Now we found a more direct parameter to scale the possibility and made a little change on the structure of R-tree, to increase the possibility of founding the satisfying answer in the front sub trees. We names this structure probability based arranged R-tree (PBAR-tree).     

Integrating GIS Web services based on mediating architecture

The geographic information service is enabled by the advancements in general Web service technology and the focused efforts of the OGC in defining XML-based Web GIS service. Based on these models, this paper addresses the issue of services chaining,the process of combining or pipelining results from several interoperable GIS Web Services to create a customized solution. This paper presents a mediated chaining architecture in which a specific service takes responsibility for performing the process that describes a service chain. We designed the Spatial Information Process Language (SIPL) for dynamic modeling and describing the service chain, also a prototype of the Spatial Information Process Execution Engine (SIPEE) is implemented for executing processes written in SIPL. Discussion of measures to improve the functionality and performance of such system will be included.     

Tracking data management using topology of moving object database system for moving object constrained trajectory in LBS application

Advances in wireless technologies and positioning technologies and spread of wireless devices, an interest in LBS (Location Based Service) is arising. To provide location based service, tracking data should have been stored in moving object database management system (called MODBMS) with proper policies and managed efficiently. So the methods which acquire the location information at regular time intervals then, store and manage have been studied. In this paper, we suggest tracking data management techniques using topology that is corresponding to the moving path of moving object. In our techniques, we update the MODBMS when moving object arrived at a street intersection or a curved road which is represented as the node in topology and predict the location at past and future with attribute of topology and linear function. In this technique, location data that are corresponding to the node in topology are stored, thus reduce the number of update and amount of data. Also in case predicting the location,because topology are used as well as existing location information, accuracy for prediction is increased than applying linear function or spline function.