一株高效产油脂真菌的选育及其油脂成分分析

以早期从海洋环境中分离得到的38株海洋真菌为材料,采用苏丹黑染色法初筛,摇瓶法复筛,得到1株油脂产率相对较高(27.96%)的菌株MD2,经鉴定,该菌株为粘红酵母(Rhodotorula glutinis).再以MD2为出发菌株,经紫外诱变、亚硝基胍诱变和紫外-亚硝基胍复合诱变,最终得到突变菌株MD2-1;采用酸热法提取粘红酵母MD2-1的菌体油脂,测定了其产脂能力,并采用气相色谱-质谱联用法(GC-MS)测定其脂肪酸组成.结果表明:MD2-1的产脂能力较强,油脂质量达菌体干质量的45.32%,较MD2提高17.36%;MD2-1菌体油脂中检测出9种脂肪酸,其脂肪酸组成与植物油近似,其中10-十八(碳)烯酸占脂肪酸总量的71.53%,为10-十八(碳)烯酸工业化生产提供菌种资源,为其规模化生产奠定基础.     

产油脂微生物菌种的筛选、鉴定及其油脂组成分析

从富含油脂的土样中分离获得47株产油脂菌株,筛选获得7株油脂含量高的菌株,其中菌株华2-1的油脂含量达到48.60%,菌株鉴定表明该菌株为深黄伞形霉(Umbelopsis isabellina),其油脂的脂肪酸组成与植物油相似,主要为亚油酸、棕榈酸、油酸、亚麻酸和硬脂酸,含量分别:39.25%,19.67%,2.67%,18.81%和6.67%,不饱和脂肪酸含量达87.07%,为微生物油脂生产奠定基础.     

餐饮废水的微生物降解技术初步研究

通过对餐饮废水中的微生物进行培养、分离,以黄豆油降解率为指标筛选得到两个高效菌种,编号为F11和F19.经初步鉴定,F11为浅白隐球酵母(Cyrptococeus albidus),F19属葡萄球菌属(Staphylococcus).利用紫外分光光度法测定废水中油脂的含量,结果显示浅白隐球酵母和葡萄球菌在48 h内对黄豆油的降解率分别为98.2%和93.8%.对两个菌株进行产脂肪酶验证,结果表明两株菌都具有较高的产脂肪酶能力.     

产甘油酵母菌株的分离与鉴定

针对西部极端微生物资源开发,从川西北高寒草地野生花粉中分离耐高渗的酵母菌株,通过采用形态和生理生化试验对分离出的3株编号为SCU-1、SCU-2、SCU-3的酵母菌株进行鉴定,初步鉴定3个菌株为：粉状毕赤酵母(Pichia farinosa)、克鲁丝假丝酵母(Candida kru-sei)、酿酒酵母(Saccharomyces cereuisiae),通过对3株酵母菌株的产甘油鉴定结果显示,耐高渗粉状毕赤酵母可通过产生甘油适应外界渗透压变化。     

耐高COD淀粉废水的高产油脂粘红酵母的驯化和筛选

为减轻高COD淀粉废水对产油菌株粘红酵母生长的抑制,提高油脂产量,本文利用淀粉废水对该菌株进行了耐高COD梯度驯化,并采用流式细胞仪对经尼罗红染色的粘红酵母细胞进行了高油脂含量菌株的筛选。结果表明：经多次驯化后,粘红酵母耐受淀粉废水COD高达75000mg/L;流式细胞仪筛选得到一株油脂含量为25.7%（质量分数）的粘红酵母,比原始菌株油脂提高了140%。400L发酵罐实验表明,在初始COD 75000mg/L,葡萄糖质量浓度为36g/L,pH4.8及30℃条件下,培养33h后,粘红酵母生物量达25.3g/L,菌体油脂含量为29.5%,COD降至5600mg/L,降解率为92.5%。     

福建药白曲中优势菌的筛选及其特性研究

对福建药白曲中的优势菌进行分离纯化,得到4株毛霉(M1,M2,M3,M4)和3株酵母(Y1,Y2,Y3).初步鉴定3株酵母分别为啤酒酵母葡萄酒变种、产膜毕氏酵母和汉逊酵母.对毛霉和酵母的生理特性研究表明:毛霉产酶高峰期是在发酵第3~4d;4株毛霉中M4产蛋白酶、糖化酶和淀粉酶均相对较高,同时能产生特殊的酒香味;酵母生长最适温度为30℃,最适pH5~6,生长对数期为5~15 h;3株酵母中,Y1产酒精能力最高.综合考虑福建黄酒酿造工艺,选取毛霉M4和酵母Y1作为纯菌种酿造菌株.     

浓香型大曲中一株酵母菌的分离鉴定及其挥发性产物分析

大曲是酒醅中酵母菌的重要来源,酵母菌对产酒、产酯、生香等都有相应的影响。研究大曲中的酵母菌对指导大曲生产、稳定大曲质量、提升白酒品质具有重要意义和价值。试验采用传统平板分离法从浓香型大曲中分离得到一株酵母菌,先通过形态特征观察并利用Biolog微生物鉴定系统进行鉴定,然后对其固态发酵代谢的挥发性产物进行GC-MS分析。结果表明,该菌株为休哈塔假丝酵母(Candida shehatae),其挥发性产物主要为乙醇、异戊醇和苯乙醇等醇类,并含有多种其他香味物质如异戊酸、苯乙醛、辛酸乙酯等。揭示了浓香型大曲中存在休哈塔假丝酵母,其主要作用为发酵产酒和产香味物质。     

"神舟"五号飞船搭载茅台酒大曲中酵母菌的分离及特性的初步研究

对经“神舟”五号载人飞船搭载的茅台酒大曲中的酵母菌进行了分离，从中筛选出一株产酒精体积分数达6．2％和产酯达0．627g／L的菌株MT-14作为备用菌种资源，初步鉴定为酵母属的酿酒酵母（Saccharamyces Cerevisiae），其发酵特性优于厂家提供的茅台酒酵母JG3220。     

一株α-淀粉酶生产菌的分离鉴定及其产酶条件优化

平板水解圈法从土壤中分离产淀粉酶菌株。通过碘比色法测定产淀粉酶分离菌株的酶活,筛选出一株产酶量较高的菌株,鉴定其种类,并对其产酶条件优化及酶学性质进行研究。通过革兰氏染色、生化鉴定和16SrDNA序列比对鉴定该菌的种类;从pH、温度、碳源、氮源等方面进行产酶条件优化。菌种经16S rDNA PCR序列分析比对,为枯草芽孢杆菌,因此将分离到的菌株命名为Bacillus subtislis-Y9;菌株最佳培养基配方为：淀粉6g,酵母膏13g,氯化钠5g,添加1.0%的吐温于1000mL蒸馏水中;最佳培养条件为：初始pH值为7.5;培养温度为37℃,培养时间36h。在上述培养基和优化培养条件下菌株发酵液的α-淀粉酶酶活达到7.1U/mL,约为出发菌种的5.5倍。酶学研究显示,α-淀粉酶的最适反应温度为40～60℃,反应体系pH值为6.6,并需添加0.5%CaCl2。     

枇杷果实表面酵母的分离与分子生物学鉴定

对福建省云霄县枇杷果园产的4月份早钟和解放钟两种枇杷果实表面酵母菌群分离并进行特征分析和分子鉴定,为开发枇杷酒酿造专用酵母资源提供依据.研究通过富集培养和划线分离,从成熟的枇杷果皮上分离出203株酵母,经菌落形态和镜检进行初筛选出17类不同形态酵母,进行真菌核糖体RNA(rRNA)基因ITS(Internal Transcribed Spacer)序列测定及系统发育分析,确定9属13种酵母.研究分离得到菌株,为构建特色型枇杷酒酵母提供基因资源,同时也可为枇杷果实的储藏等研究提供参考.     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Lower Paleozoic oil relationships within Williston Basin, Canada

The Williston Basin is a significant petroleum province, containing oil production zones that include the Middle Cambrian to Lower Ordovician, Upper Ordovician, Middle Devonian, Upper Devonian and Mississippian and within the Jurassic and Cretaceous. The oils of the Williston Basin exhibit a wide range of geochemical characteristics defined as "oil families", although the geochemical signature of the Cambrian Deadwood Formation and Lower Ordovician Winnipeg reservoired oils does not match any "oil family". Despite their close stratigraphic proximity, it is evident that the oils of the Lower Palaeozoic within the Williston Basin are distinct. This suggests the presence of a new "oil family" within the Williston Basin. Diagnostic geochemical signatures occur in the gasoline range chromatograms, within saturate fraction gas chromatograms and biomarker fingerprints. However, some of the established criteria and cross-plots that are currently used to segregate oils into distinct genetic families within the basin do not always meet with success, particularly when applied to the Lower Palaeozoic oils of the Deadwood and Winnipeg Formation.     

An Analysis of Catherine＇s Character——Wuthering Heights

Wuthering Heights, Emily Bronte＇s only novel, was published in December of 1847 under the pseudonym Ellis Bell. The book did not gain immediate success, but it is now thought one of the finest novels in the English language. Catherine is the key character of this masterpiece, because everybody and everything center on her though she had a short life. We can understand this masterpiece better if we know Catherine well.     

Characterization of Ordovician carbonate reservoirs, southeastern Saskatchewan, Canada

The discovery of the prolific Ordovician Red River reservoirs in 1995 in southeastern Saskatchewan was the catalyst for extensive exploration activity which resulted in the discovery of more than 15 new Red River pools. The best yields of Red River production to date have been from dolomite reservoirs. Understanding the processes of dolomitization is, therefore, crucial for the prediction of the connectivity, spatial distribution and heterogeneity of dolomite reservoirs.The Red River reservoirs in the Midale area consist of 3～4 thin dolomitized zones, with a total thickness of about 20 m, which occur at the top of the Yeoman Formation. Two types of replacement dolomite were recognized in the Red River reservoir: dolomitized burrow infills and dolomitized host matrix. The spatial distribution of dolomite suggests that burrowing organisms played an important role in facilitating the fluid flow in the backfilled sediments. This resulted in penecontemporaneous dolomitization of burrow infills by normal seawater. The dolomite in the host matrix is interpreted as having occurred at shallow burial by evaporitic seawater during precipitation of Lake Almar anhydrite that immediately overlies the Yeoman Formation. However, the low δ18O values of dolomited burrow infills (-5.9‰～ -7.8‰, PDB) and matrix dolomites (-6.6‰～ -8.1‰, avg. -7.4‰ PDB) compared to the estimated values for the late Ordovician marine dolomite could be attributed to modification and alteration of dolomite at higher temperatures during deeper burial, which could also be responsible for its 87Sr/86Sr ratios (0.7084～0.7088) that are higher than suggested for the late Ordovician seawaters (0.7078～0.7080). The trace amounts of saddle dolomite cement in the Red River carbonates are probably related to "cannibalization" of earlier replacement dolomite during the chemical compaction.     

Design and analysis of generic LBS application developing platform

Location based services is promising due to its novel working style and contents.A software platform is proposed to provide application programs of typical location based services and support new applications developing efficiently. The analysis shows that this scheme is easy implemented, low cost and adapt to all kinds of mobile nework system.     

橡胶颗粒沥青混合料低温抗裂性试验研究

以AC-13级配为基础,将橡胶颗粒代替部分集料掺入混合料中,以低温弯曲试验为评价方法对不同橡胶颗粒掺量下沥青混合料的低温抗裂性进行研究,并引入应变能密度值对混合料的低温抗裂性进行综合评价.试验结果表明:橡胶颗粒沥青混合料试件的破坏微应变均超过2 300,满足冬寒区的技术指标;无论是否掺加橡胶颗粒,随着温度的下降,沥青混合料破坏时的最大弯拉强度增大,弯拉应变降低,劲度模量增大;弯曲应变能密度在胶粒掺量为1%左右时具有较大的弯曲应变能密度值,此时橡胶颗粒沥青混合料具有较好的低温抗裂性.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

Quantitative trait loci （QTLs） for quality traits related to protein and starch in wheat

Quality traits in wheat （Triticum aestirum L.） were studied by quantitative trait locus （QTL） analysis in a recombinant inbred line （RIL） population, a set of 131 lines derived from Chuan 35050 × Shannong 483 cross （ChSh）. Grains from RILs were assayed for 21 quality traits related to protein and starch. A total of 35 putative QTLs for 19 traits with a single QTL explaining 7.99-40.52% of phenotypic variations were detected on 10 chromosomes, 1D, 2A, 2D, 3B, 3D, 5A, 6A, 6B, 6D, and 7B. The additive effects of 30 QTLs were positive, contributed by Chuan 35050, the remaining 5 QTLs were negative with the additive effect contributed by Shannong 483. For protein traits, 15 QTLs were obtained and most of them were located on chromosomes 1 D, 3B and 6D, while 20 QTLs for starch traits were detected and most of them were located on chromosomes 3D, 6B and 7B. Only 7 QTLs for protein and starch traits were co-located in three regions on chromosomes 1D, 2A and 2D. These protein and starch trait QTLs showed a distinct distribution pattern in certain regions and chromosomes. Twenty-two QTLs were clustered in 6 regions of 5 chromosomes. Two QTL clusters for protein traits were located on chromosomes 1D and 3B, respectively, three clusters for starch traits on chromosomes 3D, 6B and 7B, and one cluster including protein and starch traits on chromosome 1D.     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

A computer generator for randomly layered structures

AcomputergeneratorforrandomlylayeredstructuresYUJia shun1,2,HEZhen hua2(1.TheInstituteofGeologicalandNuclearSciences,NewZealand;2.StateKeyLaboratoryofOilandGasReservoirGeologyandExploitation,ChengduUniversityofTechnology,China)Abstract:Analgorithmisintrod…