基于图像处理的钢棒自动打包计数系统的研究

研究了一种基于图像处理的钢棒在线自动打包计数系统.为该系统设计了一种可从复杂背景图像中提取圆形目标的分割算法,并对如何在生产过程中获得复杂背景下钢棒的清晰图像,提取钢棒不同规格的特征参数进行了讨论.系统采用模块化硬件设计, 图像处理软件满足实时检测的要求, 可以有效地检测出打包的棒材数量.     

成捆特钢棒材端面字符识别算法研究

为实现特钢棒材生产信息的全流程可追溯,分析特钢棒材生产环境及形状特点,采用基于双标志点的标记方案进行标记并利用机器视觉技术实现成捆特钢端面字符的识别。首先,采用Hough变换将成捆特钢棒材端面图像分割成单根;其次,采用基于小波变换的图像增强算法完成单根特钢棒材端面图像的增强;再次,将MSER算法和边缘检测算法相结合完成单根特钢棒材字符区域的检测,并基于投影法完成字符的分割;最后,通过创建和训练SVM分类器完成每一根特钢棒材端面字符识别,并将成捆特钢棒材端面字符识别结果输出保存。结果表明,新算法可以满足成捆特钢棒材生产过程中字符识别要求,字符识别准确率可达到97.35%。新算法将Hough变换、基于小波变换的图像增强算法、MSER算法、边缘检测算法、投影法及SVM分类器等算法融合到特钢棒材端面字符识别过程中,为特钢棒材生产过程中的信息获取、信息传递及信息追溯的技术实现提供了参考。     

嵌入自适应注意力机制YOLOv3的类圆杆物计数方法研究

为解决类圆杆物生产分装过程中传统计数方法计数准确率低和检测速度慢等问题,采用一种融合GIoU优化算法与注意力机制YOLOv3的类圆杆物检测计数方法(adaptive attentional mechanism YOLOv3,AAM-YOLOv3)。首先使用数据增强技术对标定数据进行扩增,减少模型过拟合现象;然后,以K-means算法聚类训练数据,自适应确定锚框尺寸,并采用GIoU算法优化回归损失函数;最后,引入混合注意力模块(CBAM)强化检测网络提取目标位置有效特征,忽略不重要特征信息,以克服传统YOLOv3算法中因特征提取不充分而导致目标漏检的问题。结果表明,所提出的AAM-YOLOv3模型检测mAP值为97.5%,计数准确率为98.9%,较改进前分别提高5.8%和4.4%,检测速度达到40 fps。所提算法以及检测计数方法可快速高效地实现类圆杆物的准确计数,能满足生产分装过程检测要求。     

基于融合技术的棒材定支数图像识别

棒材成捆时的定支数包装是个一直没有得到很好解决的问题,为此文章提出了一种基于融合技术的图像识别方案。该方案首先用CCD采集棒材定支包装时的端面图像,然后用阈值化和基于边界的方法对图像进行初始分割,最后进行融合、去粘连及计数。实验结果表明该方案有利于计数准确性的提高。     

基于扫描线种子填充的二值图像聚类算法

提出了一种基于扫描线种子填充的二值图像快速聚类算法 .该算法步骤为 :对二值图像进行扫描 ,如果检测到了目标点 ,则将该点作为新的聚类的种子 ,将该种子扩展到整个目标区域 ,形成一个包含目标区域的聚类 .该算法的特点为 :只需一次扫描即可动态生成所有聚类 ,聚类总数动态生成 ,每一时刻只有一个聚类被处理 ,可提前进行一些后续处理 ,算法描述简单 ,易于编程实现 .     

基于计算机视觉的棒材在线计数系统研究

以计算机视觉技术为基础,利用色彩与阈值相结合的分割算法将端面目标从复杂的背景中分割出来,运用形态学处理方法实现端面边缘的快速检测,通过边界追踪算法提取连通区域的边界长度来实现棒材的计数.该系统较好地解决了粘连和堆叠棒材的准确计数问题,实时性好,可靠性高.     

结合SLIC超像素和DBSCAN聚类的眼底图像硬性渗出检测方法

为自动检测出眼底图像中的硬性渗出,结合简单线性迭代聚类(SLIC)超像素分割算法和基于密度的聚类算法(DBSCAN),提出一种对眼底图像硬性渗出的检测方法.首先,采用SLIC超像素分割算法对彩色眼底图像进行过分割;然后,采用DBSCAN对上述分割得到的超像素进行聚类,形成簇;最后,分割出目标图像,并选用标准糖尿病视网膜病变数据库(DIARETDB0和DIARETDB1)的眼底图像验证上述组合算法的可行性.实验结果表明:算法能够快速、可靠地检测出眼底图像中的硬性渗出,具有可直接对彩色图像进行分割、特征提取的特点.     

智能视频的公交客流量统计算法

为了解决复杂背景及运动状态下城市公交客流量的准确检测、识别与统计问题,提出了运动矢量跟踪方法,研究了公交乘客头部运动特征及客流量统计算法.传统的帧间差分、边缘检测等目标检测算法很难处理紧邻的多目标情况.利用类圆形处理提取类似圆形的目标连通域,对目标特征点进行运动矢量跟踪,实现了上、下公交车人数的准确统计.     

基于OTSU分割的云层背景下弱目标检测算法研究

在各种背景的弱目标检测算法研究中,采用了最大类间方差(OTSU)分割的检测算法,对于不同大小的目标提出了两种不同的处理方法.在背景简单的小目标的预处理中利用中值滤波和OTSU相结合的方法;对于背景相对复杂的大目标的检测采用自适应门限、拉普拉斯(Log)滤波和OTSU分割的检测算法,把目标提取出来.自适应门限用于增强图像,使图像的背景灰度变得均匀;Log高通滤波器可以有效地去除背景;OTSU是经典的非参数,无监督自适应阈值选取方法,对图像经过阈值分割后,图像将变成包含少量可能目标点的二值图像.仿真实验表明:该算法能够有效地去除背景天空的强浮云,具有计算量小等优点,能够很好地检测出目标.     

棒材端面图像的阈值分割算法

采用几种常用的阈值分割算法以及一种最大类间方差法的推广方法对棒材端面图像进行分割,将其分为目标区域和背景区域两部分,通过比较得出对棒材端面图像最有效的阈值分割算法。实验结果表明,迭代法和最大类间方差法的推广方法对图像的分割效果较好。     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Characterization of Ordovician carbonate reservoirs, southeastern Saskatchewan, Canada

The discovery of the prolific Ordovician Red River reservoirs in 1995 in southeastern Saskatchewan was the catalyst for extensive exploration activity which resulted in the discovery of more than 15 new Red River pools. The best yields of Red River production to date have been from dolomite reservoirs. Understanding the processes of dolomitization is, therefore, crucial for the prediction of the connectivity, spatial distribution and heterogeneity of dolomite reservoirs.The Red River reservoirs in the Midale area consist of 3～4 thin dolomitized zones, with a total thickness of about 20 m, which occur at the top of the Yeoman Formation. Two types of replacement dolomite were recognized in the Red River reservoir: dolomitized burrow infills and dolomitized host matrix. The spatial distribution of dolomite suggests that burrowing organisms played an important role in facilitating the fluid flow in the backfilled sediments. This resulted in penecontemporaneous dolomitization of burrow infills by normal seawater. The dolomite in the host matrix is interpreted as having occurred at shallow burial by evaporitic seawater during precipitation of Lake Almar anhydrite that immediately overlies the Yeoman Formation. However, the low δ18O values of dolomited burrow infills (-5.9‰～ -7.8‰, PDB) and matrix dolomites (-6.6‰～ -8.1‰, avg. -7.4‰ PDB) compared to the estimated values for the late Ordovician marine dolomite could be attributed to modification and alteration of dolomite at higher temperatures during deeper burial, which could also be responsible for its 87Sr/86Sr ratios (0.7084～0.7088) that are higher than suggested for the late Ordovician seawaters (0.7078～0.7080). The trace amounts of saddle dolomite cement in the Red River carbonates are probably related to "cannibalization" of earlier replacement dolomite during the chemical compaction.     

A computer generator for randomly layered structures

AcomputergeneratorforrandomlylayeredstructuresYUJia shun1,2,HEZhen hua2(1.TheInstituteofGeologicalandNuclearSciences,NewZealand;2.StateKeyLaboratoryofOilandGasReservoirGeologyandExploitation,ChengduUniversityofTechnology,China)Abstract:Analgorithmisintrod…     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

海南岛地体及其毗邻陆缘晚中生代—新生代古地磁研究和构造演化

本文叙述了对海南岛及其毗邻大陆边缘白垩纪到第四纪地层岩石进行古地磁研究的全部工作过程。通过分析岩石中剩余磁矢量的磁偏角及磁倾角的变化,提出海南岛白垩纪以来经历的构造演化模式如下:早期伴随顺时针旋转而向南迁移,后期伴随逆时针转动并向北运移。联系该地区及邻区的地质、地球物理资料,对海南岛上述的构造地体运动提出以下认识:北部湾内早期有一拉张作用,主要是该作用使湾内地壳显著伸长减薄,形成北部湾盆地。从而导致了海南岛的早期构造运动,而海南岛后期的构造运动则主要是受南海海底扩张的影响。海南地体运动规律的阐明对于了解北部湾油气盆地的形成演化有重要的理论和实际意义。     

An Index mechanism for multi-scale view in spatial databases

There are numerous geometric objects stored in the spatial databases. An importance function in a spatial database is that users can browse the geometric objects as a map efficiently. Thus the spatial database should display the geometric objects users concern about swiftly onto the display window. This process includes two operations:retrieve data from database and then draw them onto screen. Accordingly, to improve the efficiency, we should try to reduce time of both retrieving object and displaying them. The former can be achieved with the aid of spatial index such as R-tree, the latter require to simplify the objects. Simplification means that objects are shown with sufficient but not with unnecessary detail which depend on the scale of browse. So the major problem is how to retrieve data at different detail level efficiently. This paper introduces the implementation of a multi-scale index in the spatial database SISP (Spatial Information Shared Platform) which is generalized from R-tree. The difference between the generalization and the R-tree lies on two facets: One is that every node and geometric object in the generalization is assigned with a importance value which denote the importance of them, and every vertex in the objects are assigned with a importance value,too. The importance value can be use to decide which data should be retrieve from disk in a query. The other difference is that geometric objects in the generalization are divided into one or more sub-blocks, and vertexes are total ordered by their importance value. With the help of the generalized R-tree, one can easily retrieve data at different detail levels.Some experiments are performed on real-life data to evaluate the performance of solutions that separately use normal spatial index and multi-scale spatial index. The results show that the solution using multi-scale index in SISP is satisfying.     

《Chinese Science Bulletin》SUBJECT INDEX TO VOLUME 59(2014)

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Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

The elongation method,originally proposed by Imamura was further developed for many years in our group.As a method towards O(N)with high efficiency and high accuracy for any dimensional systems.This treatment designed for one-dimensional(ID)polymers is now available for three-dimensional(3D)systems,but geometry optimization is now possible only for 1D-systems.As an approach toward post-Hartree-Fock,it was also extended to     

Exciton Seebeck in Molecular Systems

Various applications relevant to the exciton dynamics,such as the organic solar cell,the large-area organic light-emitting diodes and the thermoelectricity,are operating under temperature gradient.The potential abnormal behavior of the exicton dynamics driven by the temperature difference may affect the efficiency and performance of the corresponding devices.In the above situations,the exciton dynamics under temperature difference is mixed with