极低硫钢的精炼脱硫动力学模型

通过对影响脱硫反应限制性环节的分析,将持续接触和瞬时接触两种反应模式综合考虑,建立了精炼脱硫动力学模型,并通过实验室"极低硫钢精炼脱硫"实验数据对模型进行验证.结果表明,本模型的预测结果与实验结果比较吻合.     

超低硫钢精炼工艺

在感应炉上进行了一系列对比实验,研究结果表明：顶渣＋喂线工艺比完全顶渣工艺具有更快的脱硫效果,含ＢａＯ精炼渣系比传统的ＣａＯ－ＣａＦ２渣系具有更强的脱硫能力;当钢中氧和硫都很低时,ＣａＳｉ合金能起到显著的深脱硫作用,由研究结果得出超低硫钢（ｗｓ〈０．００１０％）钢液精炼的主要工艺参数。     

冶金工业废渣所配制LF炉精炼渣的脱硫试验研究

以3种冶金工业废渣为主要原料配制LF炉精炼渣,并在某钢铁厂LF炉精炼生产中进行脱硫试验,分析新配制的LF炉精炼渣在冶炼过程中的脱硫效果及其影响因素。结果表明,与原用渣相比,新配制的精炼渣在出钢过程中的平均脱硫率明显提高,其中配加铝渣后的精炼渣脱硫效果最优,出钢过程的平均脱硫率可达57.6%,平均冶炼时间缩短20.7 min;铝渣中的铝能还原渣中的FeO,降低渣的氧化性;当精炼渣的碱度(R)为2.3、渣指数(MI)值在0.28~0.5范围内以及渣中w(FeO)0.65%时,可使渣钢间硫的分配系数LS100,从而取得良好的脱硫效果。     

低温等离子体精炼效应的实验

研究探索了直流辉光低温等离子体对Sn-S合金熔体的精炼效应．实验结果表明：在氢等离子体作用下熔体中的硫可以脱除到极低的水平,但是只有在熔体作为阴极时才能获得良好的精炼效果．通过改变气体种类、压力和熔体极性,研究了各种因素对熔体脱硫的影响．根据实验结果和等离子体物理知识,讨论了直流辉光等离子体精炼效应的机理,认为主要是由于低温等离子体中活性氢粒子与熔体中杂质反应生成气态的产物,它们随气体排出而达到精炼的目的．     

转炉钢水炉外脱硫剂成分优化及应用实践

为提高脱硫率,利用转炉出钢过程中钢渣混冲的良好动力学条件,通过伴随钢流添加脱硫剂,达到降低钢中硫含量的目的。经多次工艺试验,优化的脱硫剂成分为CaO60%Al2O332%SiO28%。粒度10--20mm,加入量7kg/t,放钢过程脱硫率达32.4%,精炼脱硫率达96%。为生产超低硫钢提供了基础条件。     

LF炉冶炼超低硫钢的工艺条件

提出了采用热力学计算分析确定LF炉冶炼超低硫钢工艺条件的方法·分析表明,可通过提高炉渣碱度、强化渣钢脱氧、控制渣钢原始硫质量分数和渣质量,来实现超低硫钢的冶炼·150tLF炉生产实践表明,在原始钢水硫平均为00146%条件下,通过控制规定的工艺条件,经LF处理后的钢水硫质量分数平均可达00044%·再经VD处理后,可实现成品硫质量分数为00027%的超低硫钢生产·在上述条件基础上,将原始硫质量分数控制在00058%以下或保证渣金硫的分配比在250以上或采用双渣操作,LF炉可精炼0002%以下极低硫钢     

BaO,B2O3对CaO基精炼渣熔化性能及脱硫能力的影响

在CaO基精炼渣中加入BaO和B2O3进行改质,对改质后的精炼渣进行熔化性能和脱硫性能的实验研究.结果表明,BaO可以降低精炼渣的熔点和粘度,有效地改善钢-渣反应的动力学条件,同时增强精炼渣的脱硫能力.当BaO含量为15%～25%时,脱硫率稳定在90%以上;而B2O3对精炼渣的脱硫率无明显影响,可取代CaF2作为助熔剂加入.     

超低硫钢生产工艺的实践

在济钢生产X80、X100管线钢为平台的超低硫钢的工艺基础上,对LF深脱硫控制技术进行了分析研究,结果表明LF深脱硫主要取决于精炼渣系配比、钢包底吹氩工艺、钢水温度和钢水中[Als]含量。通过工艺调整,使生产X80、X100管线钢时LF炉终点w[S]可稳定控制在15ppm以内,平均控制在10ppm。     

高氟化钙还原性炉渣平一电混合炼钢

(一)前言 用电炉钢渣处理平炉钢水的平炉电炉混合炼钢方法,无疑地对钢的质量能大大改善。这种炉渣不但能完成去硫、脱氧而且能降低钢中的夹杂,去除钢中气体的综合任务。 根据当前生产情况,硫成为炼钢过程中最大的障碍,大大延长精炼时间,影响炉体寿命及钢的质量。为了解决此任务,我们采用混合炼钢的方法,扩大电炉造渣量,并改变炉渣成份,从而在炉外有效的解决了在炉内难以解决的脱硫任务,并提高钢的质量。熔清钢中硫在     

转炉炼钢脱硫试验与脱硫反应理论分析

在90 t顶底复吹转炉上进行了12炉次炼钢过程的脱硫试验,并分别在每炉开吹后的5、10、15 min(出钢前)测量其炉温,且取钢和渣样,测量其钢、渣的组成.结果表明,随着冶炼的开展,钢中硫的含量先升高后降低,渣中硫的含量则逐渐升高;炉渣的脱硫能力随炉渣氧化性的增大而减小,随着炉温的升高逐渐增大,随着炉渣碱度的升高,则先增加后减小.生产现场工业试验结果与转炉渣-钢脱硫反应理论分析结果相一致.     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Lower Paleozoic oil relationships within Williston Basin, Canada

The Williston Basin is a significant petroleum province, containing oil production zones that include the Middle Cambrian to Lower Ordovician, Upper Ordovician, Middle Devonian, Upper Devonian and Mississippian and within the Jurassic and Cretaceous. The oils of the Williston Basin exhibit a wide range of geochemical characteristics defined as "oil families", although the geochemical signature of the Cambrian Deadwood Formation and Lower Ordovician Winnipeg reservoired oils does not match any "oil family". Despite their close stratigraphic proximity, it is evident that the oils of the Lower Palaeozoic within the Williston Basin are distinct. This suggests the presence of a new "oil family" within the Williston Basin. Diagnostic geochemical signatures occur in the gasoline range chromatograms, within saturate fraction gas chromatograms and biomarker fingerprints. However, some of the established criteria and cross-plots that are currently used to segregate oils into distinct genetic families within the basin do not always meet with success, particularly when applied to the Lower Palaeozoic oils of the Deadwood and Winnipeg Formation.     

An Analysis of Catherine＇s Character——Wuthering Heights

Wuthering Heights, Emily Bronte＇s only novel, was published in December of 1847 under the pseudonym Ellis Bell. The book did not gain immediate success, but it is now thought one of the finest novels in the English language. Catherine is the key character of this masterpiece, because everybody and everything center on her though she had a short life. We can understand this masterpiece better if we know Catherine well.     

Characterization of Ordovician carbonate reservoirs, southeastern Saskatchewan, Canada

The discovery of the prolific Ordovician Red River reservoirs in 1995 in southeastern Saskatchewan was the catalyst for extensive exploration activity which resulted in the discovery of more than 15 new Red River pools. The best yields of Red River production to date have been from dolomite reservoirs. Understanding the processes of dolomitization is, therefore, crucial for the prediction of the connectivity, spatial distribution and heterogeneity of dolomite reservoirs.The Red River reservoirs in the Midale area consist of 3～4 thin dolomitized zones, with a total thickness of about 20 m, which occur at the top of the Yeoman Formation. Two types of replacement dolomite were recognized in the Red River reservoir: dolomitized burrow infills and dolomitized host matrix. The spatial distribution of dolomite suggests that burrowing organisms played an important role in facilitating the fluid flow in the backfilled sediments. This resulted in penecontemporaneous dolomitization of burrow infills by normal seawater. The dolomite in the host matrix is interpreted as having occurred at shallow burial by evaporitic seawater during precipitation of Lake Almar anhydrite that immediately overlies the Yeoman Formation. However, the low δ18O values of dolomited burrow infills (-5.9‰～ -7.8‰, PDB) and matrix dolomites (-6.6‰～ -8.1‰, avg. -7.4‰ PDB) compared to the estimated values for the late Ordovician marine dolomite could be attributed to modification and alteration of dolomite at higher temperatures during deeper burial, which could also be responsible for its 87Sr/86Sr ratios (0.7084～0.7088) that are higher than suggested for the late Ordovician seawaters (0.7078～0.7080). The trace amounts of saddle dolomite cement in the Red River carbonates are probably related to "cannibalization" of earlier replacement dolomite during the chemical compaction.     

Design and analysis of generic LBS application developing platform

Location based services is promising due to its novel working style and contents.A software platform is proposed to provide application programs of typical location based services and support new applications developing efficiently. The analysis shows that this scheme is easy implemented, low cost and adapt to all kinds of mobile nework system.     

橡胶颗粒沥青混合料低温抗裂性试验研究

以AC-13级配为基础,将橡胶颗粒代替部分集料掺入混合料中,以低温弯曲试验为评价方法对不同橡胶颗粒掺量下沥青混合料的低温抗裂性进行研究,并引入应变能密度值对混合料的低温抗裂性进行综合评价.试验结果表明:橡胶颗粒沥青混合料试件的破坏微应变均超过2 300,满足冬寒区的技术指标;无论是否掺加橡胶颗粒,随着温度的下降,沥青混合料破坏时的最大弯拉强度增大,弯拉应变降低,劲度模量增大;弯曲应变能密度在胶粒掺量为1%左右时具有较大的弯曲应变能密度值,此时橡胶颗粒沥青混合料具有较好的低温抗裂性.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

Quantitative trait loci （QTLs） for quality traits related to protein and starch in wheat

Quality traits in wheat （Triticum aestirum L.） were studied by quantitative trait locus （QTL） analysis in a recombinant inbred line （RIL） population, a set of 131 lines derived from Chuan 35050 × Shannong 483 cross （ChSh）. Grains from RILs were assayed for 21 quality traits related to protein and starch. A total of 35 putative QTLs for 19 traits with a single QTL explaining 7.99-40.52% of phenotypic variations were detected on 10 chromosomes, 1D, 2A, 2D, 3B, 3D, 5A, 6A, 6B, 6D, and 7B. The additive effects of 30 QTLs were positive, contributed by Chuan 35050, the remaining 5 QTLs were negative with the additive effect contributed by Shannong 483. For protein traits, 15 QTLs were obtained and most of them were located on chromosomes 1 D, 3B and 6D, while 20 QTLs for starch traits were detected and most of them were located on chromosomes 3D, 6B and 7B. Only 7 QTLs for protein and starch traits were co-located in three regions on chromosomes 1D, 2A and 2D. These protein and starch trait QTLs showed a distinct distribution pattern in certain regions and chromosomes. Twenty-two QTLs were clustered in 6 regions of 5 chromosomes. Two QTL clusters for protein traits were located on chromosomes 1D and 3B, respectively, three clusters for starch traits on chromosomes 3D, 6B and 7B, and one cluster including protein and starch traits on chromosome 1D.     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

A computer generator for randomly layered structures

AcomputergeneratorforrandomlylayeredstructuresYUJia shun1,2,HEZhen hua2(1.TheInstituteofGeologicalandNuclearSciences,NewZealand;2.StateKeyLaboratoryofOilandGasReservoirGeologyandExploitation,ChengduUniversityofTechnology,China)Abstract:Analgorithmisintrod…