微生物对原油的乳化及促进白腐真菌原油降解研究

从胜利油田东辛采油厂含油废水中分离到3株能以原油为唯一碳源和能源并能乳化原油的菌株，采用油膜扩散法测其乳化能力，筛选原油乳化较好的菌株并预处理原油，再接种白腐真菌降解原油.结果表明筛选的3株细菌（分别命名为zsh7、zsh10、zsh11）发酵液使油膜空斑直径均大于19 cm.分别接种3株菌株和白腐真菌，在7天内可显著提高白腐真菌对原油的降解率，从71％分别提高到90％、93％、954％.经鉴定3株菌株分别为短芽孢杆菌属(Brevibacillus sp) 、芽孢杆菌属（Bacullus sp     

石油降解菌的筛选及其降解能力的初步研究

为了获得高效石油降解菌株，以原油为唯一碳源，从克拉玛依石油污染土壤中分离筛选得到14株细菌，利用紫外分光光度法、氯化三苯基四氮唑法和吐温80法对其石油降解能力进行了研究。结果表明：菌株中M3、M7、M9和M11的石油降解能力较高，降解率分别达到71．6％、56．2％、88．2％和60．3％，且这些菌株均有较高的TTC-脱氢酶活性和脂酶活性，因此可以根据两种酶活性的高低初步判断菌株的石油降解能力。     

海水中原油生物的降解

研究了自行分离的两株原油降解菌SYl和SY2的降解特性．结果表明，在不加任何营养盐下，菌株SYl和SY2的原油降解率分别达到41．3％和42．6％，实际海水的盐含量、温度、pH值和氧溶解量能够满足菌株降解原油的需求，并且具有较宽的底物利用范围．建立了菌株SYl和SY2降解原油的动力学模型，该模型基本符合Miehealis-Menten方程．     

高效原油降解菌的筛选及其降解能力的研究

从原油污染的土壤和水体中分离到3株高效原油降解菌，其中LSD-3在原油浓度为120mg／L的废水中，经过5d的培养，原油的降解率为69％左右．并对单菌株和混合菌种降解原油的能力做了比较，发现混合菌种比单菌株对原油具有更好的降解能力，达到75％以上．同时对混合菌种降解原油的最适条件做了研究，确定了混合菌种降解原油的最适条件为pH值7．5、矿化度7800mg／L、温度40℃、好氧、原油浓度为50～150mg／L．     

两株芽孢杆菌对玉门油田原油的降解作用

以石油为唯一碳源，从被石油污染的玉门油田土壤中，分离、筛选出2株高效降解石油的茵株A和B，研究了它们对原油的降解能力．结果表明，经12d后，A、B对原油的降解率分别可迭61．71％和53．12％．GC-MS分析表明，饱和烃中的正构烷烃、烷基环己烷、烷基苯和二环烷均能被明显降解，芳香烃中的萘和烷基萘经降解后几乎消失，菲和烷基菲经菌A作用后发生明显降解．茵株经鉴定，二者均为芽孢杆茵．     

高效降解泔脚垃圾微生物制剂的研制

从堆肥土壤中筛选得到16株产蛋白酶、纤维素酶、淀粉酶、脂肪酶活力较高菌株。通过摇瓶筛选试验。确定了由14株菌组成的高效降解泔脚垃圾的微生物制剂，并在1．5kg泔脚处理机上进行降解试验。结果表明，投入100g菌粉能在24h内将1．5—2．0kg泔脚垃圾基本降解，降解率达95％以上，连续运转1个月，其分解能力没有下降。     

降解原油混合微生物菌株的筛选及其性能

从30个土样中筛选出3株高效降解原油的菌株,它们为DCH-16,DCH-19和DCH-20,7天后原油降解率分别为75.6%,80.3%和73.2%.经鉴定,分别是脂肪酸芽孢杆菌属Alicycolobacillus,芽孢肠状杆菌属Sporomaculum和盐芽孢杆菌属Halobacillus.将此3株高效降解原油菌在原油培养基中进行混合培养,结果表明,在相同条件下混合菌原油降解效果优于单菌.将混合菌株(DCH-19 DCH-20)用于处理原油时,原油降解率达89.1%;用于胜华炼油厂废水处理时,原油降解率为80.2%,表明该混合菌株有较好的降解原油能力.     

两株石油降解菌的降解性能研究

为研究石油污染土壤的生物修复技术,利用正交试验法对假单胞菌Pseudomonas sp.ZL13和产碱菌Alcaligenes sp.ZL21两株原油生物降解菌株的降油影响因素和最优降解条件进行了研究。通过气质联用方法分析两株菌对原油不同组分的降解能力,结果表明:影响两株菌降解的重要因素是原油浓度和温度;在最优降解条件下,菌株ZL13和ZL21的7d原油降解率分别为72.68%和73.10%;菌株ZL13和ZL21对原油大多数组分都有较高的降解能力,ZL21的降解效果要略优于ZL13。     

高矿化度条件下石油烃降解菌种的筛选与评价

为了获得高效石油降解菌种,以原油为唯一碳源,从油水混合物中分离筛选出菌株.研究不同的温度、转速等对菌体生长情况和石油降解率的影响.在实验条件下,2株优势菌在适宜的条件下对石油的降黏率可分别高达28.5%、51.5%.偏酸或偏碱环境均不利于菌体生长,培养温度对2株菌体生长和石油降解率影响较大,最佳温度是35℃.在高矿化度条件下,菌株对原油仍有降解作用,降黏率为40%以上.原油组分分析结果表明,菌种在以原油为碳源培养后,使原油组分中沥青质、非烃及芳烃类含量均发生变化.     

除油好氧降解菌的筛选与除油效果初探

为筛选降解含油废水中石油烃的好氧降解菌株,选用炼油厂石油废水处理站曝气池活性污泥作为菌源,采用平板分离,得到39株菌。利用得到的菌株对含油废水中的CODCr和油进行降解效果试验,并进行混合菌的联合试验,确定出混合菌中假单胞菌(Pseudomonas sp)和芽孢杆菌(Bacillus sp)为优势菌属。通过单株菌与混合菌降解试验的比较,结果表明全混合菌的降解效果明显优于单株菌,从而说明共代谢作用增强了微生物的降解能力。试验表明,经过驯化后的混合菌,其降解效率稳定。     

Characterization of Ordovician carbonate reservoirs, southeastern Saskatchewan, Canada

The discovery of the prolific Ordovician Red River reservoirs in 1995 in southeastern Saskatchewan was the catalyst for extensive exploration activity which resulted in the discovery of more than 15 new Red River pools. The best yields of Red River production to date have been from dolomite reservoirs. Understanding the processes of dolomitization is, therefore, crucial for the prediction of the connectivity, spatial distribution and heterogeneity of dolomite reservoirs.The Red River reservoirs in the Midale area consist of 3～4 thin dolomitized zones, with a total thickness of about 20 m, which occur at the top of the Yeoman Formation. Two types of replacement dolomite were recognized in the Red River reservoir: dolomitized burrow infills and dolomitized host matrix. The spatial distribution of dolomite suggests that burrowing organisms played an important role in facilitating the fluid flow in the backfilled sediments. This resulted in penecontemporaneous dolomitization of burrow infills by normal seawater. The dolomite in the host matrix is interpreted as having occurred at shallow burial by evaporitic seawater during precipitation of Lake Almar anhydrite that immediately overlies the Yeoman Formation. However, the low δ18O values of dolomited burrow infills (-5.9‰～ -7.8‰, PDB) and matrix dolomites (-6.6‰～ -8.1‰, avg. -7.4‰ PDB) compared to the estimated values for the late Ordovician marine dolomite could be attributed to modification and alteration of dolomite at higher temperatures during deeper burial, which could also be responsible for its 87Sr/86Sr ratios (0.7084～0.7088) that are higher than suggested for the late Ordovician seawaters (0.7078～0.7080). The trace amounts of saddle dolomite cement in the Red River carbonates are probably related to "cannibalization" of earlier replacement dolomite during the chemical compaction.     

A computer generator for randomly layered structures

AcomputergeneratorforrandomlylayeredstructuresYUJia shun1,2,HEZhen hua2(1.TheInstituteofGeologicalandNuclearSciences,NewZealand;2.StateKeyLaboratoryofOilandGasReservoirGeologyandExploitation,ChengduUniversityofTechnology,China)Abstract:Analgorithmisintrod…     

海南岛地体及其毗邻陆缘晚中生代—新生代古地磁研究和构造演化

本文叙述了对海南岛及其毗邻大陆边缘白垩纪到第四纪地层岩石进行古地磁研究的全部工作过程。通过分析岩石中剩余磁矢量的磁偏角及磁倾角的变化,提出海南岛白垩纪以来经历的构造演化模式如下:早期伴随顺时针旋转而向南迁移,后期伴随逆时针转动并向北运移。联系该地区及邻区的地质、地球物理资料,对海南岛上述的构造地体运动提出以下认识:北部湾内早期有一拉张作用,主要是该作用使湾内地壳显著伸长减薄,形成北部湾盆地。从而导致了海南岛的早期构造运动,而海南岛后期的构造运动则主要是受南海海底扩张的影响。海南地体运动规律的阐明对于了解北部湾油气盆地的形成演化有重要的理论和实际意义。     

Exciton Seebeck in Molecular Systems

Various applications relevant to the exciton dynamics,such as the organic solar cell,the large-area organic light-emitting diodes and the thermoelectricity,are operating under temperature gradient.The potential abnormal behavior of the exicton dynamics driven by the temperature difference may affect the efficiency and performance of the corresponding devices.In the above situations,the exciton dynamics under temperature difference is mixed with     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

The elongation method,originally proposed by Imamura was further developed for many years in our group.As a method towards O(N)with high efficiency and high accuracy for any dimensional systems.This treatment designed for one-dimensional(ID)polymers is now available for three-dimensional(3D)systems,but geometry optimization is now possible only for 1D-systems.As an approach toward post-Hartree-Fock,it was also extended to     

《Chinese Science Bulletin》SUBJECT INDEX TO VOLUME 59(2014)

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An on-line scaling method for improving scalability of a database cluster

The explosive growth of the Internet and database applications has driven database to be more scalable and available, and able to support on-line scaling without interrupting service. To support more client's queries without downtime and degrading the response time, more nodes have to be scaled up while the database is running. This paper presents the overview of scalable and available database that satisfies the above characteristics. And we propose a novel on-line scaling method. Our method improves the existing on-line scaling method for fast response time and higher throughputs. Our proposed method reduces unnecessary network use, i.e. , we decrease the number of data copy by reusing the backup data. Also, our on-line scaling operation can be processed parallel by selecting adequate nodes as new node. Our performance study shows that our method results in significant reduction in data copy time.     

An improved R-tree based on childnode''s probability

R-Tree is a good structure for spatial searching. But in this indexing structure,either the sequence of nodes in the same level or sequence of traveling these nodes when queries are made is random. Since the possibility that the object appears in different MBR which have the same parents node is different, if we make the subnode who has the most possibility be traveled first, the time cost will be decreased in most of the cases. In some case, the possibility of a point belong to a rectangle will shows direct proportion with the size of the rectangle. But this conclusion is based on an assumption that the objects are symmetrically distributing in the area and this assumption is not always coming into existence. Now we found a more direct parameter to scale the possibility and made a little change on the structure of R-tree, to increase the possibility of founding the satisfying answer in the front sub trees. We names this structure probability based arranged R-tree (PBAR-tree).     

An Index mechanism for multi-scale view in spatial databases

There are numerous geometric objects stored in the spatial databases. An importance function in a spatial database is that users can browse the geometric objects as a map efficiently. Thus the spatial database should display the geometric objects users concern about swiftly onto the display window. This process includes two operations:retrieve data from database and then draw them onto screen. Accordingly, to improve the efficiency, we should try to reduce time of both retrieving object and displaying them. The former can be achieved with the aid of spatial index such as R-tree, the latter require to simplify the objects. Simplification means that objects are shown with sufficient but not with unnecessary detail which depend on the scale of browse. So the major problem is how to retrieve data at different detail level efficiently. This paper introduces the implementation of a multi-scale index in the spatial database SISP (Spatial Information Shared Platform) which is generalized from R-tree. The difference between the generalization and the R-tree lies on two facets: One is that every node and geometric object in the generalization is assigned with a importance value which denote the importance of them, and every vertex in the objects are assigned with a importance value,too. The importance value can be use to decide which data should be retrieve from disk in a query. The other difference is that geometric objects in the generalization are divided into one or more sub-blocks, and vertexes are total ordered by their importance value. With the help of the generalized R-tree, one can easily retrieve data at different detail levels.Some experiments are performed on real-life data to evaluate the performance of solutions that separately use normal spatial index and multi-scale spatial index. The results show that the solution using multi-scale index in SISP is satisfying.     

Integrating GIS Web services based on mediating architecture

The geographic information service is enabled by the advancements in general Web service technology and the focused efforts of the OGC in defining XML-based Web GIS service. Based on these models, this paper addresses the issue of services chaining,the process of combining or pipelining results from several interoperable GIS Web Services to create a customized solution. This paper presents a mediated chaining architecture in which a specific service takes responsibility for performing the process that describes a service chain. We designed the Spatial Information Process Language (SIPL) for dynamic modeling and describing the service chain, also a prototype of the Spatial Information Process Execution Engine (SIPEE) is implemented for executing processes written in SIPL. Discussion of measures to improve the functionality and performance of such system will be included.