TiO2-SiO2-GF复合光催化剂对甲醛光催化降解研究

使用溶胶凝胶法制备二氧化硅-二氧化钛-玻璃纤维体系复合催化膜(SiO2-TiO2-GF),并通过X射线衍射(XRD)、紫外漫反射衍射(DRS)、扫描电镜(SEM)和能谱(EDS)等手段考查了SiO2-TiO2-GF体系复合催化膜的光学和结构参数及其表面形貌.采用气相甲醛评估SiO2-TiO2-GF体系催化膜的光催化效率.实验结果表明,相比二氧化钛-玻璃纤维(TiO2-GF)体系催化膜,SiO2-TiO2-GF体系复合催化膜TiO2锐钛矿相的质量分数增高;晶粒尺寸从11.29nm减小为6.95nm;SiO2为主的玻璃纤维表面多孔结构大大地增强了光催化效果,其Langmuir-Hinshelwood(L-H)方程的动力学常数从0.02784mol/m3min提高到了0.09058mol/m3min;且有Ti—O—Si键生成,薄膜不易脱落.     

纳米多孔SiO2-TiO2复合薄膜的制备及研究

采用溶胶凝胶技术,以表面活性剂十六烷基三甲基溴化铵CTAB为模板剂,乙酰丙酮作为钛的水解控制剂,通过钛和硅醇盐的分步水解得到均匀的SiO2TiO2复合溶胶,通过提拉制备出具有纳米多孔结构的复合薄膜.实验结果表明,多孔薄膜中的钛离子形成了Si—O—Ti键的孤立四配位形态,使薄膜具有复合型钛离子的催化效果,并且有介孔结构.随TiO2含量的增加,薄膜仍具有较好的透光性(可达到85%以上).通过对实验条件的调节,可实现对薄膜纳米结构的人工控制,形成的多孔薄膜折射率在1.2~1.4之间连续可调.     

WO3-SiO2纳米复合薄膜的制备与气致变色效应研究

以钨粉和正硅酸乙酯为原料 ,采用溶胶凝胶技术和旋转镀膜方法 ,在玻璃衬底上制备出了气致变色WO3 SiO2 纳米复合薄膜 .采用椭偏仪、场发射扫描电子显微镜 (FE SEM )、红外光谱仪以及可见光分光光度计等对不同温度热处理的WO3 SiO2 复合薄膜及WO3 薄膜的特性进行了分析 .研究结果表明 :掺杂SiO2 会使WO3 薄膜厚度增大 ,折射率下降 ,表面平整度降低 ,颗粒尺寸增大 ;经高温热处理的WO3 SiO2 复合薄膜具有良好的气致变色能力     

纳米二氧化硅/硅异质结的表面光伏特性

采用溶胶 -凝胶法在P型单晶硅的表面镀上一层纳米二氧化硅薄膜 ,应用表面光电压谱 (SPS)、漫反射光谱 (DRS)和傅里叶红外光谱 (FTIR)研究其室温下的光伏、光吸收特性 .结果表明 :在单晶硅表面镀上一层纳米二氧化硅薄膜后 ,漫反射吸收系数F(R)比单晶硅提高了约 5 0 % ,相应的光电压信号提高了约两个数量级 .在 40 0～ 80 0℃热处理温度范围内随着温度的升高 ,纳米复合材料SiO2 /Si的光伏效应增强 ,红外光谱中的Si-O键振动吸收峰降低 ,二氧化硅薄膜中欠氧状态加剧 .     

PET/SiO_2纳米复合材料的力学性能和结晶性能研究

采用熔融共混法,将纳米二氧化硅(SiO2)添加到聚对苯二甲酸乙二醇酯(PET)中,制备出PET/SiO2纳米复合材料,并对其力学和结晶性能进行研究。结果表明,添加微量纳米SiO2能显著提高PET材料的力学性能,纳米SiO2添加量为0.2质量份数时,纳米SiO2在PET基体中分散均匀,复合材料综合力学性能最佳,与纯PET相比,PET/SiO2纳米复合材料的缺口冲击强度、拉伸强度、弯曲强度和弯曲弹性模量分别提高了18%,20%,11%,14%;随着纳米SiO2添加量的增加,PET/SiO2纳米复合材料的结晶度和结晶温度有明显的提高。     

集成铁电器件用LaNiO3薄膜电极的结构与电学性能

采用化学溶液沉积法在(100)Si,SiO2/Si,(100)Al2O3,(100)MgO,(100)SrTiO3(STO),(100)ZrO2等衬底上制备了LaNiO3(LNO)薄膜,研究了热处理温度对薄膜结构和电性能的影响.结果显示,衬底种类影响LNO薄膜的结晶,其中STO衬底上的LNO薄膜呈高a轴择优取向成长,且其电阻率最低,为0.87 mΩ.cm.而对于Si衬底上的LNO薄膜,随着热处理温度升高,晶粒尺寸增大,电阻率降低,在750℃时电阻率达到最低值(1.52 mΩ.cm),其后热处理温度的升高导致杂相的形成,电阻率反而上升.扫描电镜观察证实这些LNO薄膜光滑、致密、均匀且无裂纹.结果表明,制得的LNO薄膜可用作集成铁电薄膜器件的底电极.     

射频溅射两步法制备立方氮化硼（c—BN）薄膜

用常规射频(RF)溅射系统，采用两步法在Si(111)衬底上制备出较高粘附性的立方氮化硼(c—BN)薄膜。沉积过程分为成核(第一步)和生长(第二步)两步，当由第一步变为第二步时，工作气体由Ar气变为Ar和N2的混合气体，衬底温度和偏压也降为较低的值。对不同生长阶段的薄膜进行了SEM、FTIR分析，对最后沉积的薄膜进行了XPS分析。结果表明：采用两步法在Si(111)衬底上沉积的c—BN薄膜内应力较之常规方法减小约11．3GPa，薄膜的B、N原子之比为1．01，c—BN的体积分数为88％，薄膜置于自然环境中6个月尚未有剥离现象。文中还讨论了c—BN薄膜的综合生长机制。     

纳米SiO2/PI复合薄膜低温热膨胀系数的实验研究

高热膨胀系数是聚酰亚胺薄膜在低温下作为热绝缘和电绝缘使用的主要不利因素之一.为了降低其热膨胀系数,选用低热膨胀系数的无机纳米SiO2对其进行改性,利用溶胶凝胶技术,制备了不同SiO2含量的纳米SiO2/PI复合薄膜.利用自行设计的一套薄膜样品低温热膨胀系数测量装置,对纳米SiO2/PI复合薄膜室温至低温(77 K)的热膨胀系数进行了测量,给出了SiO2含量、外加载荷对复合薄膜热膨胀系数的影响关系.     

Si/SiO_2和Si/SiN_x/SiO_2超晶格的能带结构

利用Kronig-Penney模型从理论上计算了Si/SiO2和Si/SiNx/SiO2多层膜结构中量子阱的能带结构,进一步分析了各亚层薄膜厚度对能带结构和有效质量的影响.结果发现,适当减少亚层的厚度都能使得纳米Si薄膜的带隙发生明显宽化.在Si/SiO2超晶格中,Si量子阱层带隙能量随着Si层厚度的变化符合EPL(eV)=1.6+0.7/d2关系,与我们的计算结果十分吻合.在Si/SiNx/SiO2超晶格系统中,可以通过控制各亚层厚度,尤其是Si和SiNx层厚度,均能够有效地控制发光.     

纳米SiO2对硅酸三钙基骨水泥性能的影响

研究纳米SiO2对硅酸三钙(Ca3 SiO5,简称C3S)基骨水泥性能的影响.结果表明:纳米SiO2的掺入,可以加快C3S的水化进程,但延缓了浆体的凝结.纳米SiO2与Ca(OH)2反应生成较低n(Ca)/n(Si)的CSH凝胶,降低了固化体中Ca(OH)2的含量.纳米SiO2与Ca (OH)2反应生成的CSH凝胶呈网络交织状结构,既可对固化体起到密实填充作用,又可增强固化体的胶凝性能,从而提高固化体的力学性能.固化体中Ca(OH)2的含量随纳米SiO2掺入量增加而降低;当SiO2掺入量达到6%时,固化体中CSH凝胶的平均n(Ca)/n(Si)开始降低.     

Characterization of Ordovician carbonate reservoirs, southeastern Saskatchewan, Canada

The discovery of the prolific Ordovician Red River reservoirs in 1995 in southeastern Saskatchewan was the catalyst for extensive exploration activity which resulted in the discovery of more than 15 new Red River pools. The best yields of Red River production to date have been from dolomite reservoirs. Understanding the processes of dolomitization is, therefore, crucial for the prediction of the connectivity, spatial distribution and heterogeneity of dolomite reservoirs.The Red River reservoirs in the Midale area consist of 3～4 thin dolomitized zones, with a total thickness of about 20 m, which occur at the top of the Yeoman Formation. Two types of replacement dolomite were recognized in the Red River reservoir: dolomitized burrow infills and dolomitized host matrix. The spatial distribution of dolomite suggests that burrowing organisms played an important role in facilitating the fluid flow in the backfilled sediments. This resulted in penecontemporaneous dolomitization of burrow infills by normal seawater. The dolomite in the host matrix is interpreted as having occurred at shallow burial by evaporitic seawater during precipitation of Lake Almar anhydrite that immediately overlies the Yeoman Formation. However, the low δ18O values of dolomited burrow infills (-5.9‰～ -7.8‰, PDB) and matrix dolomites (-6.6‰～ -8.1‰, avg. -7.4‰ PDB) compared to the estimated values for the late Ordovician marine dolomite could be attributed to modification and alteration of dolomite at higher temperatures during deeper burial, which could also be responsible for its 87Sr/86Sr ratios (0.7084～0.7088) that are higher than suggested for the late Ordovician seawaters (0.7078～0.7080). The trace amounts of saddle dolomite cement in the Red River carbonates are probably related to "cannibalization" of earlier replacement dolomite during the chemical compaction.     

A computer generator for randomly layered structures

AcomputergeneratorforrandomlylayeredstructuresYUJia shun1,2,HEZhen hua2(1.TheInstituteofGeologicalandNuclearSciences,NewZealand;2.StateKeyLaboratoryofOilandGasReservoirGeologyandExploitation,ChengduUniversityofTechnology,China)Abstract:Analgorithmisintrod…     

海南岛地体及其毗邻陆缘晚中生代—新生代古地磁研究和构造演化

本文叙述了对海南岛及其毗邻大陆边缘白垩纪到第四纪地层岩石进行古地磁研究的全部工作过程。通过分析岩石中剩余磁矢量的磁偏角及磁倾角的变化,提出海南岛白垩纪以来经历的构造演化模式如下:早期伴随顺时针旋转而向南迁移,后期伴随逆时针转动并向北运移。联系该地区及邻区的地质、地球物理资料,对海南岛上述的构造地体运动提出以下认识:北部湾内早期有一拉张作用,主要是该作用使湾内地壳显著伸长减薄,形成北部湾盆地。从而导致了海南岛的早期构造运动,而海南岛后期的构造运动则主要是受南海海底扩张的影响。海南地体运动规律的阐明对于了解北部湾油气盆地的形成演化有重要的理论和实际意义。     

Exciton Seebeck in Molecular Systems

Various applications relevant to the exciton dynamics,such as the organic solar cell,the large-area organic light-emitting diodes and the thermoelectricity,are operating under temperature gradient.The potential abnormal behavior of the exicton dynamics driven by the temperature difference may affect the efficiency and performance of the corresponding devices.In the above situations,the exciton dynamics under temperature difference is mixed with     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

The elongation method,originally proposed by Imamura was further developed for many years in our group.As a method towards O(N)with high efficiency and high accuracy for any dimensional systems.This treatment designed for one-dimensional(ID)polymers is now available for three-dimensional(3D)systems,but geometry optimization is now possible only for 1D-systems.As an approach toward post-Hartree-Fock,it was also extended to     

《Chinese Science Bulletin》SUBJECT INDEX TO VOLUME 59(2014)

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An on-line scaling method for improving scalability of a database cluster

The explosive growth of the Internet and database applications has driven database to be more scalable and available, and able to support on-line scaling without interrupting service. To support more client's queries without downtime and degrading the response time, more nodes have to be scaled up while the database is running. This paper presents the overview of scalable and available database that satisfies the above characteristics. And we propose a novel on-line scaling method. Our method improves the existing on-line scaling method for fast response time and higher throughputs. Our proposed method reduces unnecessary network use, i.e. , we decrease the number of data copy by reusing the backup data. Also, our on-line scaling operation can be processed parallel by selecting adequate nodes as new node. Our performance study shows that our method results in significant reduction in data copy time.     

An improved R-tree based on childnode''s probability

R-Tree is a good structure for spatial searching. But in this indexing structure,either the sequence of nodes in the same level or sequence of traveling these nodes when queries are made is random. Since the possibility that the object appears in different MBR which have the same parents node is different, if we make the subnode who has the most possibility be traveled first, the time cost will be decreased in most of the cases. In some case, the possibility of a point belong to a rectangle will shows direct proportion with the size of the rectangle. But this conclusion is based on an assumption that the objects are symmetrically distributing in the area and this assumption is not always coming into existence. Now we found a more direct parameter to scale the possibility and made a little change on the structure of R-tree, to increase the possibility of founding the satisfying answer in the front sub trees. We names this structure probability based arranged R-tree (PBAR-tree).     

An Index mechanism for multi-scale view in spatial databases

There are numerous geometric objects stored in the spatial databases. An importance function in a spatial database is that users can browse the geometric objects as a map efficiently. Thus the spatial database should display the geometric objects users concern about swiftly onto the display window. This process includes two operations:retrieve data from database and then draw them onto screen. Accordingly, to improve the efficiency, we should try to reduce time of both retrieving object and displaying them. The former can be achieved with the aid of spatial index such as R-tree, the latter require to simplify the objects. Simplification means that objects are shown with sufficient but not with unnecessary detail which depend on the scale of browse. So the major problem is how to retrieve data at different detail level efficiently. This paper introduces the implementation of a multi-scale index in the spatial database SISP (Spatial Information Shared Platform) which is generalized from R-tree. The difference between the generalization and the R-tree lies on two facets: One is that every node and geometric object in the generalization is assigned with a importance value which denote the importance of them, and every vertex in the objects are assigned with a importance value,too. The importance value can be use to decide which data should be retrieve from disk in a query. The other difference is that geometric objects in the generalization are divided into one or more sub-blocks, and vertexes are total ordered by their importance value. With the help of the generalized R-tree, one can easily retrieve data at different detail levels.Some experiments are performed on real-life data to evaluate the performance of solutions that separately use normal spatial index and multi-scale spatial index. The results show that the solution using multi-scale index in SISP is satisfying.     

Integrating GIS Web services based on mediating architecture

The geographic information service is enabled by the advancements in general Web service technology and the focused efforts of the OGC in defining XML-based Web GIS service. Based on these models, this paper addresses the issue of services chaining,the process of combining or pipelining results from several interoperable GIS Web Services to create a customized solution. This paper presents a mediated chaining architecture in which a specific service takes responsibility for performing the process that describes a service chain. We designed the Spatial Information Process Language (SIPL) for dynamic modeling and describing the service chain, also a prototype of the Spatial Information Process Execution Engine (SIPEE) is implemented for executing processes written in SIPL. Discussion of measures to improve the functionality and performance of such system will be included.