棉纤维与精梳纱之间性能关系的探讨

为了确定棉纤维性能对精梳纱性能的影响，分别从梳棉前的纤维中和同一纺纱工艺流程的粗纱中选同样９种不同的纤维作为试样进行实验。根据实验数据．得到了纤维性能与纱线性能之间关系的回归方程式，为从纤维直接预测纱线性能提供了一条快速、简捷的方法和途径。     

熟条HVI测试性能与转杯纱强力之间关系的研究

选取30种纯棉普梳熟条,分别生产58.3tex和18.22tex转杯纱,再用多种数学方法分析熟条HVI测试性能与转杯纱强力之间的关系。结论对实际生产中的配棉、熟条生产工艺的优化以及成纱质量控制都有一定的指导意义。     

TENSILE BEHAVIOUR OF ROTOR SPUN YARNS

This paper deals with the tensile behaviour of rotor spun yarns. Having regard to the spe-cial construction of rotor spun yarn, some modifications for Hearle's theory have been made inorder to apply Hearle' s theory to rotor spun yarn. The paper then goes into calculating thetensile curve and investigating the effect of main parameters and spinning conditions on thetensile behaviour of rotor spun yarn. It was found that the following facts are noteworthy forimproving the mechanical properties of rotor spun yarn: (1) Selecting suitable navel so as tocontrol the P. T. E. length within a reasonable range. (2) Improving the design of single fibresupply device to decrease the amount of spoiled fibre and hence increase the effective fibrelength. (3) Increasing spinning yarn tension without yarn break to enhance the fibre migrationratio. (4) For the rotor spun yarn of industrial use, it is the way to increase the yarn strengththat the rotor groove should be designed with the groove angle beneficial to decrease the yarnspecific volume.     

紬丝包芯纺纱的探索

本文介绍了一般的包芯纱,包绕纱中纤维的组合形式、纺纱方法及成纱特点。在此基础上介绍了(纟由)丝包芯纺纱的工艺、试验所用的材料、成纱品质及其与(纟由)丝的比较。从而指出(纟由)丝包芯纱兼备了(纟由)丝和化纤长丝的特点。因此,(纟由)丝包芯纺纱有继续探索的必要和可能。     

利用棉纺设备生产纯山羊绒毛纱

本文介绍了用棉纺设备生产山羊绒毛纱的实践,根据山羊绒的特性,应重视和毛油的选样,采用较短的开清棉流程和特大的梳棉隔距。结果表明,成纱质量能符合生产山羊绒毛毯的要求。     

低档兔毛纺纱工艺路线探索

低档兔毛纤维短,本文采用棉型纺纱系统,可以纺制18 tex以细的纱,这样有利于开发薄型产品。但纯兔毛纱强力较小,可用涤丝包芯方式采加固。产品经济实惠,适合内销市场需要。本文工艺采用短流程,基本上在棉纺设备上加以改装后纺制成纱。     

管道纺包芯纱的研究

本文研究了在管道纺纱机上不添加构件而进行包芯纱的纺制。分析了其包芯纱的成纱机理。观察了实际成纱的横截面,证实了棉纤维能够均匀地、完全地包覆在芯丝的周围。也对不同性质的芯丝所纺包芯纱的结构作了观察,并对不同成纱的性质随速度增加而变化的规律作了研究。     

实验方法研究纱线可织性

主要讨论影响经纱可织性的因素以及研究经纱可织性的实验方法。原纱质量、经纱准备、织造条件是影响经纱可织性的重要因素。经纱的可织性可通过改变纺纱参数、纺纱技术来提高，但对经纱可织性有决定性的是织前准备。通过织前准备，特别是浆纱工序可充分地提高可织性。分析表明给定浆纱的可织性可通过浆纱强伸性、浆纱耐磨性、织造模拟后浆纱毛羽变化、织造模拟后浆纱缠结分离力等指标来预测。     

苎麻长纤维与棉纤维混纺的研究

由于牵伸装置的局限性,一般长纤维和短纤维纺纱是分别在不同设备上进行的。苎麻/棉混纺纱也都是以苎麻短纤维(落麻或切段麻)和棉纤维按短纤维纺纱系统混纺而成的。由于原料性能的限制,其成纱质量较低,尤其是条干不匀、麻粒等方面较差,难以满足高档织物的要求。本文通过对长、短纤维在长纤维纺纱设备上进行各种方案的纺纱试验,证明了只要合理调整牵伸装置等工艺条件,长短纤维在同一设备上纺纱是可行的。并对纺出的长麻/棉混纺纱的性能作了测试分析。结果表明,由于纺纱原料性能的改善,长麻/棉混纺纱的质量较短麻/棉混纺纱的质量有了较大提高,这对开拓麻/棉混纺纱生产和市场有一定的意义。     

THE INFLUENCE OF COMBING ROLLER SPEED ON PURE RAMIE NOIL ROTOR YARN QUALITY AND SPINNING PERFORMANCE

This paper reports the optimum design of combing roller speed with reference to yielding 6-13 Ne(98.4—45.4 tex) pure ramie noil rotor-spun yarns. The universal rotatable composite design is adopted to get the highly precise regression equations, in which the variables are combing roller speed and yarn linear density considered to be the main technological parameters of combing roller and, the responses are the evaluation indexes concerning spinning stability, fiber length distribution of fibre ring from rotor groove and yarn properties. Based on these regression equations, the contours are plotted to analyse the influences of the parameters on the evaluation indexes; the optimization multicriteria mathematical model is simultaneously established to obtain the optimum parameters with the aid of Object Programming Approach along with Constrained Random Ray Method. Finally, an experiment is carried out to further test the acceptance of the calculated optimum values. It is shown that, for any yarn linear density within 6—13 Ne (98.4—45.4 tex), combing roller speed varying from 5000 to 9150 r/min affects content of extra-long fibre in fibre ring from rotor groove and yarn properties but does not significantly influence spinning stability; 7075 r/min, at which the SAQ-12 type of saw-toothed combing roller runs, is recommended to be the optimum combing roller speed for producing 6—13 Ne (98.4—45.4 tex) pure ramie noil yarns, where a compromise is achieved among the lowest content of extra-long fibre in fibre ring, the best spinning stability and the best yarn properties.     

Influence of Spinning Variable on the FR Properties of Yarns

Broadly considered, spuming variables influences the properties of yarns. However there is scant information on the influence on the fire retardancy (FR) properties. The present work aims to establish the influence of the spinning method, twist, and fibre distribution in a blended yarn, on the FR properties of the yarn.     

用灰色关联分析影响转杯纺纱品质指标的因素

采用棉纤维的 Ｈ Ｖ Ｉ指标,应用灰色关联分析法指出在棉纤维的各项 Ｈ Ｖ Ｉ指标中,纤维强力是与转杯纱的品质指标密切相关的,用高强力、低马克隆值的原棉可以获得高品质指标的转杯纱。     

REPORT ON A PROJECT AIMED AT INCREASING THE STRENGTH OF FRICTION SPUN YARN BY USING A FALSE TWIST PROCESS

The lower strength of friction spun yarns has became a key problem that hinder the develop-ment of friction spinning,especially in high speeds and fine yarns.In this paper a project aimed atincreasing the strength of friction spun yarns by using a false twist process has been made.In re-ported experiment false twist was inserted into the yarn which has been formed on a friction spin-ning machine,so that it made the yarn untwist at first,then regain the twist.In the meantime draftwas applied to generate more tension than that which had been experienced during yarn formationon the friction spinning machine.It made the yarn reforming and the loosely bound fibres in thefriction spun yarn formed due to extremely low tension on the friction spinning machine becametighter.Results indicate that with the proper draft,tension and false twist the tenacity of processedyarn will increase more than 10%.This project is an attempt to discover whether improvements can be made and whether it isworth pursuing research into modifications of yarn structure.The results imply that if the yarntension can be raised during yarn formation on the friction spinning machine or a chance is offeredto the yarn to reform after the yarn formation the yarn tenacity will be increased obviously.     

气流纱的拉伸特性研究

本文讨论气流纱的拉伸特性。Hearle曾对具有理想结构纱线的拉伸特性进行过比较完整的研究工作。本文则根据气流纱独特的成纱结构,对Hearle理论在气流纱中的应用作了一定的修正,并在此基础上对气流纱的拉伸特性作了分析计算。计算结果与实测结果基本相符。最后还从气流纱的应力-应变关系式中,就影响气流纱强力、初始模量以及断裂功等等力学特性的一些主要工艺参数进行了分析讨论。得出合理选用阻捻盘、很好控制捻度传递长度;合理设计与选用分梳及输棉机构,在不断改善单纤维供应的同时,尽量减少纤维损伤,提高纤维有效长度;适当提高纺纱张力,增加纤维转移等等都是改善气流纱强力等力学特性、提高成纱质量的有效途径。对工业用气流纱,还可通过合理设计凝棉槽,以提高气流纱紧密度的途径来提高气流纱强力。     

Research on Evenness of Woollen Cashmere Yarn

Parameters influencing the evenness of the woollen cashmere yarn were analyzed,and fifty batches of yarns with fineness of 38.5 tex were used to study the quality control parameters in relation to the evenness.Through statistical analysis,the models of yarn evenness were built.Moreover,the relationship between the evenness of spinning yarn and roving yarn was also investigated.The results showed that a positive correlation existed between them,and the amount of thin place per kilometer was the most importan...     

The Effect of Gauge Length on Tenacity of Cotton Yarns

The tensile properties of cotton yarns are studied. A lot of data are gotten and analyzed. It indicates that the breaking strength of the yarns follows Weibull distribution. Then the effect of sample length on strength is analyzed using Weibull's statistics. The Weibull parameters are calculated through regression method. The breaking strength of the yarn at different sample length is predicted. Theoretical prediction conforms the experimental results very well.     

Evaluation of Yam Quality and Optimization of Cotton Spinning Parameter Based on Factors Analysis

In this paper,the spinning parameters are optimized by using the method of factor analysis.The yarns obtained from four different spinning parameters are evaluated by this method.Two common factors,fineness unevenness and tenacity level,are extracted from the seven yarn-quality indexes.The accumulative contribution percentage of the two factors is up to 91.813％,and much information in the yarn-quality indexes is reflected by the two factors.Then the score of each factor is calculated to evaluate the quality of yarn.Based on that,the techniques are optimized.The result is well in line with spinning practices,so it is testified feasibly to use this method to optimize spinning parameter.     

织造前后浆纱物理机械性能变化的研究

研究织造前后浆纱物理机械性能的变化，有助于分析浆纱各种物理机械性能指标对浆纱可织性的影响及探讨经纱的断裂机理。测试了在织机上沿其横向分段获取的织造前浆纱试样和织造后浆纱试样的物理机械性能。分析表明，从织物中获取的“布纱”不能正确反映织造后浆纱的物理机械性能的衰减程度，应选用从前梭口荻取的“织纱”作为织造后的浆纱试样；织纱断裂强力降低率和断裂伸长率降低率为10％左右，耐磨次数降低率小于40％；浆纱断裂强力与断裂伸长率服从正态分布，而耐磨次数服从对数正态分布。     

Analysis and Discussion of Fiber Motion in the Spinning Triangle of Ring Spinning

In order to analyze the effect of the spinning triangle on yarn structure,a shape model of the spinning triangle is established.The fiber motion in the spinning triangle can be divided into three stages,and the relationship between yarn structure and fiber duration as well as the force acting on the fibers in the three stages is analyzed.The fiber elongation in different location of the spinning triangle is variational.The difference is that the elongation of fiber in the middle spinning triangle is bigger than that in the edge of it and the difference will be amplified with the increase of spinning triangle width,which has an effect on the characteristic of yarns structure.Research results for further study on compact yarn structure and improving spinning frame structure provide theorybasis.     

对纱线反复络筒的毛羽研究

毛羽是衡量纱线的重要指标之一，它产生于细纱工序，主要增长干络筒工序。本文通过对棉纱、腈纶和两种不同捻度的毛纱进行反复的络筒实验，摸索络筒次数和络筒方向对筒子纱线毛羽的影响，发现了一定的变化规律，研究结果对有效地控制纱线毛羽有一定的借鉴作用。