烧结铁矿中FeO含量对其在富氢高炉中还原行为的影响

Japan started the national project “COURSE 50” for CO₂ reduction in the 2000s. This project aimed to establish novel technologies to reduce CO₂ emissions with partially utilization of hydrogen in blast furnace-based ironmaking by 30% by around 2030 and use it for practical applications by 2050. The idea is that instead of coke, hydrogen is used as the reducing agent, leading to lower fossil fuel consumption in the process. It has been reported that the reduction behavior of hematite, magnetite, calcium ferrite, and slag in the sinter is different, and it is also considerably influenced by the sinter morphology. This study aimed to investigate the reduction behavior of sinters in hydrogen enriched blast furnace with different mineral morphologies in CO–CO₂–H₂ mixed gas. As an experimental sample, two sinter samples with significantly different hematite and magnetite ratios were prepared to compare their reduction behaviors. The reduction of wustite to iron was carried out at 1000, 900, and 800°C in a CO–CO₂–H₂ atmosphere for the mineral morphology-controlled sinter, and the following findings were obtained. The reduction rate of smaller amount of FeO led to faster increase of the reduction rate curve at the initial stage of reduction. Macro-observations of reduced samples showed that the reaction proceeded from the outer periphery of the sample toward the inside, and a reaction interface was observed where reduced iron and wustite coexisted. Micro-observations revealed three layers, namely, wustite single phase in the center zone of the sample, iron single phase in the outer periphery zone of the sample, and iron oxide-derived wustite FeO and iron, or calcium ferrite-derived wustite 'FeO' and iron in the reaction interface zone. A two-interface unreacted core model was successfully applied for the kinetic analysis of the reduction reaction, and obtained temperature dependent expressions of the chemical reaction coefficients from each mineral phases.     

Mg和La对Ca–Ti 处理钢中夹杂物演变和组织的影响

The evolution of inclusions and the formation of acicular ferrite (AF) in Ca–Ti treated steel was systematically investigated after Mg and La addition. The inclusions in the molten steel were Ca–Al–O, Ca–Al–Mg–O, and La–Mg–Ca–Al–O after Ca, Mg, and La addition, respectively. The type of oxide inclusion in the final quenched samples was the same as that in the molten steel. However, unlike those in molten steel, the inclusions were Ca–Al–Ti–O + MnS, Ca–Mg–Al–Ti–O + MnS, and La–Ca–Mg–Al–Ti–O + MnS in Mg-free, Mg-containing, and La-containing samples, respectively. The inclusions distributed dispersedly in the La-containing sample. In addition, the average size of the inclusions in the La-containing sample was the smallest, while the number density of inclusions was the highest. The size of effective inclusions (nucleus of AF formation) was mainly in the range of 1–3 μm. In addition, the content of ferrite side plates (FSP) decreased, while the percentage of AF increased by 16.2% due to the increase in the number of effective inclusions in the La-containing sample in this study.     

摩擦焊接碳钢（EN24）和镍基高温合金（IN718）的显微组织和力学性能

Continuous-drive rotary friction welding was performed to join cylindrical specimens of carbon steel (EN24) and nickel-based superalloy (IN718), and the microstructures of three distinct weld zones—the weld interface (WI)/thermo-mechanically affected zone (TMAZ), the heat-affected zone (HAZ), and the base metal—were examined. The joint was observed to be free of defects but featured uneven flash formation. Electron backscatter diffraction (EBSD) analysis showed substantial changes in high-angle grain boundaries, low-angle grain boundaries, and twin boundaries in the TMAZ and HAZ. Moreover, significant refinement in grain size (2–5 μm) was observed at the WI/TMAZ with reference to the base metal. The possible causes of these are discussed. The microhardness profile across the welded joint shows variation in hardness. The changes in hardness are ascribed to grain refinement, phase transformation, and the dissolution of strengthening precipitates. The tensile test results reveal that a joint efficiency of 100% can be achieved using this method.     

采用超声组装与滚压工艺制备铝–碳纳米管复合材料

This study introduced a novel fabrication of aluminum–carbon nanotube (CNT) composites by employing bulk acoustic waves and accumulative roll bonding (ARB). In this method, CNT particles were aligned using ultrasonic standing wave in an aqueous media, and the arrayed particles were precipitated on the aluminum plate substrate. Then, the plates rolled on each other through the ARB process with four passes. Optical and scanning electron micrographs demonstrated the effective aligning of CNTs on the aluminum substrate with a negligible deviation of arrayed CNTs through the ARB process. The X-ray diffraction pattern of the developed composites showed no peaks for carbon and aluminum carbide. In addition, tensile tests showed that the longitudinal strength of the specimens processed with aligned CNTs was significantly greater than that of the specimens with common randomly dispersed particles. The proposed technique is beneficial for the fabrication of Al–CNT composites with directional mechanical strength.     

活化天然矿石选择性还原二氧化碳为无定形碳

Natural magnetite formed by the isomorphism substitutions of transition metals, including Fe, Ti, Co, etc., was activated by mechanical grinding followed by H₂ reduction. The temperature-programmed reduction of hydrogen (H₂-TPR) and temperature-programmed surface reaction of carbon dioxide (CO₂-TPSR) were carried out to investigate the processes of oxygen loss and CO₂ reduction. The samples were characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD), field emission scanning electron microscopy (FE-SEM), and energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDS). The results showed that the stability of spinel phases and oxygen-deficient degree significantly increased after natural magnetite was mechanically milled and reduced in H₂ atmosphere. Meanwhile, the activity and selectivity of CO₂ reduction into carbon were enhanced. The deposited carbon on the activated natural magnetite was confirmed as amorphous. The amount of carbon after CO₂ reduction at 300°C for 90 min over the activated natural magnetite was 2.87wt% higher than that over the natural magnetite.     

含钛高炉炉渣微波合成碳化钛及其介电性能测定

The preparation of functional material titanium carbide by the carbothermal reduction of Ti-bearing blast furnace slag with microwave heating is an effective method for valuable metals recovery; it can alleviate the environmental pressure caused by slag stocking. The dynamic dielectric parameters of Ti-bearing blast furnace slag/pulverized coal mixture under high-temperature heating are measured by the cylindrical resonant cavity perturbation method. Combining the transient dipole and large π bond delocalization polarization phenomena, the interaction mechanism of the microwave macroscopic non-thermal effect on the titanium carbide synthesis reaction was revealed. The material thickness range during microwave heating was optimized by the joint analysis of penetration depth and reflection loss, which is of great significance to the design of the microwave reactor for the carbothermal reduction of Ti-bearing blast furnace slag.     

汽车暴露面板带有表面条状缺陷的夹杂物分布特征分析:一种定量电解方法

The specific distribution characteristics of inclusions along with the sliver defect were analyzed in detail to explain the formation mechanism of the sliver defect on the automobile exposed panel surface. A quantitative electrolysis method was used to compare and evaluate the three-dimensional morphology, size, composition, quantity, and distribution of inclusions in the defect and non-defect zone of automobile exposed panel. The Al₂O₃ inclusions were observed to be aggregated or chain-like shape along with the sliver defect of about 3–10 μm. The aggregation sections of the Al₂O₃ inclusions are distributed discretely along the rolling direction, with a spacing of 3–7 mm, a length of 6–7 mm, and a width of about 3 mm. The inclusion area part is 0.04%–0.16% with an average value of 0.08%, the inclusion number density is 40 mm?2 and the inclusion average spacing is 25.13 μm. The inclusion spacing is approximately 40–160 μm, with an average value of 68.76 μm in chain-like inclusion parts. The average area fraction and number density of inclusions in the non-defect region were reduced to about 0.002% and 1–2 mm?2, respectively, with the inclusion spacing of 400 μm and the size of Al₂O₃ being 1–3 μm.     

在酸性溶液中加压氧化三价砷离子和二价铁离子

The co-oxidation of As(III) and Fe(II) in acidic solutions by pressured oxygen was studied under an oxygen pressure between 0.5 and 2.0 MPa at a temperature of 150°C. It was confirmed that without Fe(II) ions, As(III) ions in the solutions are virtually non-oxidizable by pressured oxygen even at a temperature as high as 200°C and an oxygen pressure up to 2.0 MPa. Fe(II) ions in the solutions did have a catalysis effect on the oxidation of As(III), possibly attributable to the production of such strong oxidants as hydroxyl free radicals (OH·) and Fe(IV) in the oxidation process of Fe(II). The effects of such factors as the initial molar ratio of Fe(II)/As(III), initial pH value of the solution, oxygen pressure, and the addition of radical scavengers on the oxidation efficiencies of As(III) and Fe(II) were studied. It was found that the oxidation of As(III) was limited in the co-oxidation process due to the accumulation of the As(III) oxidation product, As(V), in the solutions.     

基于数据挖掘和网络药理学分析中药治疗痛风的用药规律及作用机制

应用数据挖掘和网络药理学技术分析中药治疗痛风的用药规律及作用机制。首先通过检索中国知网、维普数据库、万方数据库、Pubmed、中国生物医学文献数据库中关于治疗痛风的中药处方,建立中药治疗痛风方药数据库,规范中药名称后,应用 SPSS Modeler18 软件及SPSS Statistics 24 统计软件进行关联规则分析、复杂网络分析及聚类分析,并根据分析结果筛选得出治疗痛风的核心中药。在TCMSP数据库获取这些中药的活性化合物和相应作用靶点,并取这些中药与痛风的交集靶点进行蛋白质互作（PPI）分析、生物功能富集（GO）分析及相关作用通路分析。数据挖掘共纳入符合标准的处方302首,根据得到高频次中药及高置信度、高支持度中药处方,综合分析确定了茯苓、黄柏、牛膝、薏苡仁、苍术、萆薢、威灵仙、泽泻这八大治疗痛风的核心中药,并已这些中药为基础,分析了它们治疗痛风的作用机制,确定了核心作用靶点为AKT1、TNF、IL6、VEGFA、TP53、IL1B、PPARG、EGF、PTGS2（COX-2）、MMP9等,主要作用通路为癌症通路、糖尿病并发症中的AGE-RAGE信号通路、IL-17信号通路、MAPK信号通路、细胞因子-细胞因子受体相互作用通路、癌症中的转录失调通路等,主要调节过程包括白细胞介素、免疫系统中的细胞因子信号转导、基质金属蛋白酶的激活、基因转录途径等。中药治疗痛风的主要药物组合为黄柏、苍术;牛膝、忍冬藤;赤芍、山慈菇、秦艽;泽泻、地黄;茯苓、萆薢、威灵仙;红花、桃仁、川芎;当归、黄芪;甘草、白术、桂枝,作用机制主要依赖于对多种酶、炎症因子、炎症通路的调控,这些中药能够显著抑制炎症急性期反应、促进尿酸排泄,该研究拟为痛风的深入研究及相关中药的开发应用提供一定的基础和借鉴意义。     

XRF滤纸片法测定铁基样品中十种元素的方法研究

本法在Ｘ荧光光谱仪上采用滤纸片法测定样品，避免了基体效应的影响，因而可适用于多种基体的样品，扩大了分析方法的适应性。     

可编程逻辑器件在定时控制电路中的应用

介绍了用ＩＳＰ可编程逻辑器件设计的一种器件少、可靠性高、实用性强的广告灯箱定时控制电路,详细阐述了其设计思路、硬件原理及ＩＳＰ可编程逻辑器件的使用技术。     

2,3,9,10,16,17,23,24-八乙硫基酞菁的合成与理论研究

设计合成在酞菁2,3,9,10,16,17,23,24位(β位)八乙硫基取代的分子:2,3,9,10,16,17,23,24-八乙硫基酞菁分子β-(SC2 H5)8-H2 Pc,并对该分子进行红外吸收光谱表征和理论研究.采用密度泛函理论(DFT)在B3LYP/6-31G(d)水平上对2,3,9,10,16,17,23,24-八乙硫基酞菁分子进行结构优化,模拟其红外吸收光谱.模拟与实验红外振动吸收峰拟合曲线呈线性关系,相关系数R2=0.998,二者符合较好.     

必然,可能,偶然,风马牛

在普通逻辑思考实际中,必然既不是1元的模态词,而且,必然与恒真的真值函数之间也并无内在联系。“A必然B”的含义为:“可独立于A、B的真值确定不会是A真而B假”,其中的“可独立于A、B的真值确定”称为“第一独立性”。“A必然B”的符号表达式为“A B”,可念作“A制约B”,其中的称为“制约号”,是2元的非正统的联结号。可能就是不必然不;偶然就是不必然且可能;“A风马牛B”的含义为“把A或 H、B或 B不论是放在前域还是后域,这之间的关系都是偶然”,故而也可称为“彻底的偶然”。容易验证,从语义上说,正统一阶谓词演算中的A B(A蕴涵B)和在其它语言中用来作为逻辑工具的“若A,则B”之间的关系是风马牛。     

广西龙塘蚀变流纹岩风化过程中Ti、Nb、Ta、Zr、Hf、Th的活动性研究

对广西龙塘蚀变流纹岩风化剖面中六个难溶元素的活动性进行了研究。研究结果表明 ,Ti、Nb和Ta元素在整个风化成土过程中基本上保持了它们的稳定性。Zr、Hf和Th在风化剖面上部有明显的富集 ,可能与矿物锆石与钍石在风化壳表层被腐植酸溶解后向下迁移被蒙脱石与非晶质氧化铁吸附有关。     

基于事件触发的二阶多智能体时滞一致性

为了使多智能体可以减少信息交流,一致性问题在多智能系统的应用已被众多学者广泛研究,从而避免通信资源和计算资源的浪费;在有向拓扑图下,针对二阶的领导-跟随非线性多智能体系统,提出了一种基于事件触发机制和时滞一致性控制策略,对于每一个智能体给出事件触发条件,可以有效减少更新频率和系统能源的耗费;通过利用Lyapunov稳定...     

标准加入原子吸收法连续测定铬粉中微量Ni、Cu、Mn、Fe、Pb、Sb、Zn、Ca、Mg的含量

用王水溶解试样,在几个相同量的试液中,分别加入浓度依次递增的9种元素的标准溶液,用空气-乙炔火焰原子吸收法连续测定N i、Cu、Mn、Fe、Pb、Sb、Zn、Ca、Mg的含量.建立了优化的仪器测定条件,并对可能存在的元素进行了干扰实验.N i、Cu等9种元素的回收率为97.5%~103.0%,相对标准偏差为1.6%~2.9%.