桔皮类黄酮乙醇提取工艺研究

研究了桔皮类黄酮的乙醇提取工艺,以桔皮类黄酮质量分数为考察指标,通过单因素和正交试验,考察提取温度、乙醇质量浓度、固液比、提取时间对类黄酮质量分数的影响,结果确定最佳提取工艺条件为:提取温度70℃,固液比1∶25,乙醇质量分数70%,提取时间2 h.在最佳提取条件下,提取率可达22.03%.     

提取蜗牛内脏废弃物中纤维素酶的工艺条件研究

利用白玉蜗牛的内脏废弃物,对蜗牛纤维素酶的提取工艺条件进行了实验研究.采用正交实验与神经网络相结合的方法,建立了蜗牛纤维素酶活力与提取工艺因素之间的神经网络模型.通过基于模型的优化和具体实验,获得了最佳提取工艺条件是:蜗牛纤维素酶的提取时间为12 h,pH值为5.0,提取温度为0℃,盐析饱和度为70%,此条件下,纤维素酶粗品的最高酶活力为3.186 U.mL-1.     

从马比木根中提取喜树碱的工艺研究

研究以马比木根为原料提取喜树碱的工艺条件,采用单因素及正交试验,确定了喜树碱的最优提取工艺为:提取溶剂为体积分数70%的甲醇溶液,提取温度为70℃,提取时间为1.5 h.在此工艺条件下,马比木中喜树碱的提取率可达0.16%.     

响应面法优化酸提小米多糖工艺与模型诊断

研究了盐酸溶液提取小米多糖。基于4因素3水平的Box-Behnken设计,用响应面法来获得酸摩尔浓度、液固质量比、提取时间与提取温度等最佳条件组合,以期达到最高多糖收率。再将试验数据用多重回归分析法拟合成一个二次方程并对其进行分析和诊断。结果是最佳提取条件:酸摩尔浓度2.4mol/L,液固质量比20.3,提取时间1.2h,提取温度80.2℃。在此条件下小米多糖的实际收率是46.26mg/g,与模型的指示值47.13mg/g非常接近,可见,得到的数学模型具有较高的相关性。     

水浸法提取刺梨中多糖

为了简化刺梨多糖的提取工艺,达到节能、省时、方便的目的,用水提法提取刺梨多糖,探讨乙醇质量分数、提取温度、加热时间和料液比对多糖提取率的影响.采用正交实验优化工艺,以多糖提取率为评价指标,用蒽酮硫酸法测定多糖含量.水提法的最佳工艺条件为温度75 ℃,时间1 h,料液比1∶40,乙醇质量分数0%.在此条件下刺梨多糖的得率为4.7%.     

响应面法优化索氏提取甘蔗梢多酚和黄酮的工艺条件

采用索氏提取法对甘蔗梢多酚和黄酮的最佳提取工艺进行了研究.在单因素实验基础上，结合响应面分析法考察料液比、乙醇体积分数和提取时间，对蔗梢多酚和黄酮提取量的影响，并优化蔗梢多酚和黄酮的提取工艺参数.依据模型拟合回归分析最终获得索氏提取法制备蔗梢多酚和黄酮的最佳提取工艺为：料液比1∶40、乙醇体积分数60%,提取时间2.4 h,在此条件下多酚含量可达7.95 mg·g^-1,黄酮提取量可达0.905 mg·g^-1.验证试验表明，模型的预测准确率达98%.研究结果能够为甘蔗梢的综合开发与利用提供基础理论依据.     

巴沙鱼皮明胶提取工艺研究

对巴沙鱼皮制备明胶工艺过程中,硫酸质量分数、硫酸处理时间、明胶提取料液比、提取温度、提取时间等因素进行了系统研究,在此基础上通过正交试验确定最佳工艺为1%浓度的硫酸处理12 h,提取时间为4 h,料液比为1∶6,提取温度为50℃.在此工艺条件下,明胶得率为75.15%,明胶粘度为3.66 mPa.s,凝胶强度为234 g.     

响应面法优化苍耳子总黄酮超声辅助提取工艺

目的:对超声辅助提取苍耳子中总黄酮的工艺条件进行优化.方法:通过单因素试验,考察乙醇体积分数、料液比、浸泡时间和超声时间等因素对超声辅助提取苍耳子总黄酮过程的影响.在此基础上,进行Box-Beknhen中心组合设计,以苍耳子总黄酮提取得率为响应值,采用响应面分析法研究各因素及其交互作用对苍耳子总黄酮提取率的影响.结果:实验优化得出超声辅助提取苍耳子中总黄酮的最佳提取工艺为乙醇体积分数61%、料液比1︰26 g/mL、浸泡时间15 h、超声提取时间26 min.结论:在上述条件下,苍耳子总黄酮的得率可以达到44.15 mg/g,与模型预测值基本一致.     

昙花总黄酮提取工艺研究

研究昙花总黄酮的提取工艺条件.采用传统热回流浸提法,以乙醇为提取溶剂,考察溶剂体积分数、提取温度、提取时间以及料液比对昙花总黄酮含量的影响,并在单因素实验的基础上,通过正交试验,确定昙花总黄酮的最佳提取工艺.结果表明,乙醇体积分数、提取温度、提取时间以及料液比对昙花总黄酮的含量均有影响;单因素考察结果显示乙醇体积分数为80%,提取温度为80℃,提取时间为4 h,料液比为1∶40(g/m L)条件下昙花总黄酮含量较高;正交试验优化的昙花总黄酮的提取工艺为乙醇体积分数为80%,提取温度为90℃,提取时间为4 h,此条件下昙花总黄酮含量为1.18%.本工艺简单、可行,为昙花的进一步开发利用奠定基础.     

中药黄芩提取方法的优化

运用均匀设计法优化中药黄芩提取工艺,以HPLC法测定黄芩中黄芩苷的含量,并以此为指标考察乙醇体积分数、乙醇溶剂用量、浸泡时间、蒸馏时间和黄芩粒度5个因素对黄芩苷提取收率的影响.实验确定乙醇体积分数为60%,乙醇溶剂用量为70~90 mL,浸泡时间为0~3 h,回流时间为120 min,黄芩粒度取0.1~0.5 mm为最佳的提取条件.本工艺设计合理,方法方便实用,预测性强,是优化中草药提取工艺的一个非常有效的工具.     

Characterization of Ordovician carbonate reservoirs, southeastern Saskatchewan, Canada

The discovery of the prolific Ordovician Red River reservoirs in 1995 in southeastern Saskatchewan was the catalyst for extensive exploration activity which resulted in the discovery of more than 15 new Red River pools. The best yields of Red River production to date have been from dolomite reservoirs. Understanding the processes of dolomitization is, therefore, crucial for the prediction of the connectivity, spatial distribution and heterogeneity of dolomite reservoirs.The Red River reservoirs in the Midale area consist of 3～4 thin dolomitized zones, with a total thickness of about 20 m, which occur at the top of the Yeoman Formation. Two types of replacement dolomite were recognized in the Red River reservoir: dolomitized burrow infills and dolomitized host matrix. The spatial distribution of dolomite suggests that burrowing organisms played an important role in facilitating the fluid flow in the backfilled sediments. This resulted in penecontemporaneous dolomitization of burrow infills by normal seawater. The dolomite in the host matrix is interpreted as having occurred at shallow burial by evaporitic seawater during precipitation of Lake Almar anhydrite that immediately overlies the Yeoman Formation. However, the low δ18O values of dolomited burrow infills (-5.9‰～ -7.8‰, PDB) and matrix dolomites (-6.6‰～ -8.1‰, avg. -7.4‰ PDB) compared to the estimated values for the late Ordovician marine dolomite could be attributed to modification and alteration of dolomite at higher temperatures during deeper burial, which could also be responsible for its 87Sr/86Sr ratios (0.7084～0.7088) that are higher than suggested for the late Ordovician seawaters (0.7078～0.7080). The trace amounts of saddle dolomite cement in the Red River carbonates are probably related to "cannibalization" of earlier replacement dolomite during the chemical compaction.     

An Index mechanism for multi-scale view in spatial databases

There are numerous geometric objects stored in the spatial databases. An importance function in a spatial database is that users can browse the geometric objects as a map efficiently. Thus the spatial database should display the geometric objects users concern about swiftly onto the display window. This process includes two operations:retrieve data from database and then draw them onto screen. Accordingly, to improve the efficiency, we should try to reduce time of both retrieving object and displaying them. The former can be achieved with the aid of spatial index such as R-tree, the latter require to simplify the objects. Simplification means that objects are shown with sufficient but not with unnecessary detail which depend on the scale of browse. So the major problem is how to retrieve data at different detail level efficiently. This paper introduces the implementation of a multi-scale index in the spatial database SISP (Spatial Information Shared Platform) which is generalized from R-tree. The difference between the generalization and the R-tree lies on two facets: One is that every node and geometric object in the generalization is assigned with a importance value which denote the importance of them, and every vertex in the objects are assigned with a importance value,too. The importance value can be use to decide which data should be retrieve from disk in a query. The other difference is that geometric objects in the generalization are divided into one or more sub-blocks, and vertexes are total ordered by their importance value. With the help of the generalized R-tree, one can easily retrieve data at different detail levels.Some experiments are performed on real-life data to evaluate the performance of solutions that separately use normal spatial index and multi-scale spatial index. The results show that the solution using multi-scale index in SISP is satisfying.     

A computer generator for randomly layered structures

AcomputergeneratorforrandomlylayeredstructuresYUJia shun1,2,HEZhen hua2(1.TheInstituteofGeologicalandNuclearSciences,NewZealand;2.StateKeyLaboratoryofOilandGasReservoirGeologyandExploitation,ChengduUniversityofTechnology,China)Abstract:Analgorithmisintrod…     

海南岛地体及其毗邻陆缘晚中生代—新生代古地磁研究和构造演化

本文叙述了对海南岛及其毗邻大陆边缘白垩纪到第四纪地层岩石进行古地磁研究的全部工作过程。通过分析岩石中剩余磁矢量的磁偏角及磁倾角的变化,提出海南岛白垩纪以来经历的构造演化模式如下:早期伴随顺时针旋转而向南迁移,后期伴随逆时针转动并向北运移。联系该地区及邻区的地质、地球物理资料,对海南岛上述的构造地体运动提出以下认识:北部湾内早期有一拉张作用,主要是该作用使湾内地壳显著伸长减薄,形成北部湾盆地。从而导致了海南岛的早期构造运动,而海南岛后期的构造运动则主要是受南海海底扩张的影响。海南地体运动规律的阐明对于了解北部湾油气盆地的形成演化有重要的理论和实际意义。     

Exciton Seebeck in Molecular Systems

Various applications relevant to the exciton dynamics,such as the organic solar cell,the large-area organic light-emitting diodes and the thermoelectricity,are operating under temperature gradient.The potential abnormal behavior of the exicton dynamics driven by the temperature difference may affect the efficiency and performance of the corresponding devices.In the above situations,the exciton dynamics under temperature difference is mixed with     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

The elongation method,originally proposed by Imamura was further developed for many years in our group.As a method towards O(N)with high efficiency and high accuracy for any dimensional systems.This treatment designed for one-dimensional(ID)polymers is now available for three-dimensional(3D)systems,but geometry optimization is now possible only for 1D-systems.As an approach toward post-Hartree-Fock,it was also extended to     

《Chinese Science Bulletin》SUBJECT INDEX TO VOLUME 59(2014)

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An on-line scaling method for improving scalability of a database cluster

The explosive growth of the Internet and database applications has driven database to be more scalable and available, and able to support on-line scaling without interrupting service. To support more client's queries without downtime and degrading the response time, more nodes have to be scaled up while the database is running. This paper presents the overview of scalable and available database that satisfies the above characteristics. And we propose a novel on-line scaling method. Our method improves the existing on-line scaling method for fast response time and higher throughputs. Our proposed method reduces unnecessary network use, i.e. , we decrease the number of data copy by reusing the backup data. Also, our on-line scaling operation can be processed parallel by selecting adequate nodes as new node. Our performance study shows that our method results in significant reduction in data copy time.     

An improved R-tree based on childnode''s probability

R-Tree is a good structure for spatial searching. But in this indexing structure,either the sequence of nodes in the same level or sequence of traveling these nodes when queries are made is random. Since the possibility that the object appears in different MBR which have the same parents node is different, if we make the subnode who has the most possibility be traveled first, the time cost will be decreased in most of the cases. In some case, the possibility of a point belong to a rectangle will shows direct proportion with the size of the rectangle. But this conclusion is based on an assumption that the objects are symmetrically distributing in the area and this assumption is not always coming into existence. Now we found a more direct parameter to scale the possibility and made a little change on the structure of R-tree, to increase the possibility of founding the satisfying answer in the front sub trees. We names this structure probability based arranged R-tree (PBAR-tree).     

Integrating GIS Web services based on mediating architecture

The geographic information service is enabled by the advancements in general Web service technology and the focused efforts of the OGC in defining XML-based Web GIS service. Based on these models, this paper addresses the issue of services chaining,the process of combining or pipelining results from several interoperable GIS Web Services to create a customized solution. This paper presents a mediated chaining architecture in which a specific service takes responsibility for performing the process that describes a service chain. We designed the Spatial Information Process Language (SIPL) for dynamic modeling and describing the service chain, also a prototype of the Spatial Information Process Execution Engine (SIPEE) is implemented for executing processes written in SIPL. Discussion of measures to improve the functionality and performance of such system will be included.